Author: Alexa Karina Klettner
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030283844
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 351
Book Description
This book provides a contemporary resource on one of the major players in retinal diseases – the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). Throughout the book, the physiological and the pathological function of the RPE are covered on equal terms, to help readers to understand the RPE as a whole. Moreover, the development of RPE in diagnostics and therapy are covered, as well as some practical knowledge about RPE experimental models. Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Health and Disease highlights new findings of RPE research and includes the state-of-the-art knowledge of each RPE topic presented. This important feature sets this book apart from other publications, with the chapters following a design which leads from the general to the specific, to give a precise collection of the facts known. The chapters are written by well-known experts that are currently active in the field as consultants, basic scientists, and group leaders, providing expert guidance on the current aspects and future outlooks of this topic.
Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Health and Disease
Author: Alexa Karina Klettner
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030283844
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 351
Book Description
This book provides a contemporary resource on one of the major players in retinal diseases – the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). Throughout the book, the physiological and the pathological function of the RPE are covered on equal terms, to help readers to understand the RPE as a whole. Moreover, the development of RPE in diagnostics and therapy are covered, as well as some practical knowledge about RPE experimental models. Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Health and Disease highlights new findings of RPE research and includes the state-of-the-art knowledge of each RPE topic presented. This important feature sets this book apart from other publications, with the chapters following a design which leads from the general to the specific, to give a precise collection of the facts known. The chapters are written by well-known experts that are currently active in the field as consultants, basic scientists, and group leaders, providing expert guidance on the current aspects and future outlooks of this topic.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030283844
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 351
Book Description
This book provides a contemporary resource on one of the major players in retinal diseases – the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). Throughout the book, the physiological and the pathological function of the RPE are covered on equal terms, to help readers to understand the RPE as a whole. Moreover, the development of RPE in diagnostics and therapy are covered, as well as some practical knowledge about RPE experimental models. Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Health and Disease highlights new findings of RPE research and includes the state-of-the-art knowledge of each RPE topic presented. This important feature sets this book apart from other publications, with the chapters following a design which leads from the general to the specific, to give a precise collection of the facts known. The chapters are written by well-known experts that are currently active in the field as consultants, basic scientists, and group leaders, providing expert guidance on the current aspects and future outlooks of this topic.
Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Health and Disease
Author: Alexa Karina Klettner
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783030283858
Category : Retina
Languages : en
Pages : 357
Book Description
This book provides a contemporary resource on one of the major players in retinal diseases - the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). Throughout the book, the physiological and the pathological function of the RPE are covered on equal terms, to help readers to understand the RPE as a whole. Moreover, the development of RPE in diagnostics and therapy are covered, as well as some practical knowledge about RPE experimental models. Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Health and Disease highlights new findings of RPE research and includes the state-of-the-art knowledge of each RPE topic presented. This important feature sets this book apart from other publications, with the chapters following a design which leads from the general to the specific, to give a precise collection of the facts known. The chapters are written by well-known experts that are currently active in the field as consultants, basic scientists, and group leaders, providing expert guidance on the current aspects and future outlooks of this topic.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783030283858
Category : Retina
Languages : en
Pages : 357
Book Description
This book provides a contemporary resource on one of the major players in retinal diseases - the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). Throughout the book, the physiological and the pathological function of the RPE are covered on equal terms, to help readers to understand the RPE as a whole. Moreover, the development of RPE in diagnostics and therapy are covered, as well as some practical knowledge about RPE experimental models. Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Health and Disease highlights new findings of RPE research and includes the state-of-the-art knowledge of each RPE topic presented. This important feature sets this book apart from other publications, with the chapters following a design which leads from the general to the specific, to give a precise collection of the facts known. The chapters are written by well-known experts that are currently active in the field as consultants, basic scientists, and group leaders, providing expert guidance on the current aspects and future outlooks of this topic.
The Retina in Health and Disease
Author: Maurice Ptito
Publisher: Mdpi AG
ISBN: 9783036526539
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 498
Book Description
Vision is the most important sense in higher mammals. The retina is the first step in visual processing and the window to the brain. It is not surprising that problems arising in the retina lead to moderate to severe visual impairments. We offer here a collection of reviews as well as original papers dealing with various aspects of retinal function as well as dysfunction. New approaches in retinal research are described, such as the expression and localization of the endocannabinoid system in the normal retina and the role of cannabinoid receptors that could offer new avenues of research in the development of potential treatments for retinal diseases. Moreover, new insights are offered in advancing knowledge towards the prevention and cure of visual pathologies, mainly AMD, RP, and diabetic retinopathy.
Publisher: Mdpi AG
ISBN: 9783036526539
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 498
Book Description
Vision is the most important sense in higher mammals. The retina is the first step in visual processing and the window to the brain. It is not surprising that problems arising in the retina lead to moderate to severe visual impairments. We offer here a collection of reviews as well as original papers dealing with various aspects of retinal function as well as dysfunction. New approaches in retinal research are described, such as the expression and localization of the endocannabinoid system in the normal retina and the role of cannabinoid receptors that could offer new avenues of research in the development of potential treatments for retinal diseases. Moreover, new insights are offered in advancing knowledge towards the prevention and cure of visual pathologies, mainly AMD, RP, and diabetic retinopathy.
Retinal Degenerative Diseases
Author: Matthew M. LaVail
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461406315
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 867
Book Description
This book will contain the proceedings of the XIV International Symposium on Retinal Degeneration (RD2010), held July 13-17, 2010, in Mont-Tremblant, Quebec, Canada. The volume will present representative state-of-the-art research in almost all areas of retinal degenerations, ranging from cytopathologic, physiologic, diagnostic and clinical aspects; animal models; mechanisms of cell death; candidate genes, cloning, mapping and other aspects of molecular genetics; and developing potential therapeutic measures such as gene therapy and neuroprotective agents for potential pharmaceutical therapy.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461406315
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 867
Book Description
This book will contain the proceedings of the XIV International Symposium on Retinal Degeneration (RD2010), held July 13-17, 2010, in Mont-Tremblant, Quebec, Canada. The volume will present representative state-of-the-art research in almost all areas of retinal degenerations, ranging from cytopathologic, physiologic, diagnostic and clinical aspects; animal models; mechanisms of cell death; candidate genes, cloning, mapping and other aspects of molecular genetics; and developing potential therapeutic measures such as gene therapy and neuroprotective agents for potential pharmaceutical therapy.
Webvision
The Pigment Epithelium, Its Relationship to the Retina in Health and Disease
Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Macular Diseases
Author: Gabriel Coscas
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401151377
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 440
Book Description
This volume of Documenta Ophthalmologica Proceedings Series collects the scientific papers presented at the 2nd International Symposium on Retinal Pigment Epithelium and the 4th Meeting of the European Macula Group held in Genoa, May 29-June 1, 1996. The Symposium on Retinal Pigment Epithelium was promoted by the University Eye Clinic of Genoa as the natural continuation of the first Symposium held with great success in Genoa in 1988. The previous Meetings of the European Macula Group were held in Coimbra (1988), Crete (1989) and Athens (1994). I was greatly pleased and honoured to host the fourth congress of this distinguished Society and I am grateful to Gabriel Coscas, Jose Cunha-Vaz and George Theodossiadis, found ers of the Society, for selecting Genoa on this occasion. The two meetings integrated well in an unicuum and brought together an exceptional number of outstanding retinal specialists coming from all over the world. All the aspects of the current research concerning retinal pigment epithelial and macular diseases were covered. Several interesting presentations regarded new techniques of retinal and choroidal imaging. A full session was dedicated to the latest advances in culture and transplantation of retinal pigment epithelial cells. Age-related macular degeneration was a major subject for discussion, including new approaches to treatment. This topic was high lighted by a mini-symposium on drusen, including a series of superb lectures on classification, clinicopathological studies, indocyanine green imaging, and laser treatment for prevention of choroidal neovascularization.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401151377
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 440
Book Description
This volume of Documenta Ophthalmologica Proceedings Series collects the scientific papers presented at the 2nd International Symposium on Retinal Pigment Epithelium and the 4th Meeting of the European Macula Group held in Genoa, May 29-June 1, 1996. The Symposium on Retinal Pigment Epithelium was promoted by the University Eye Clinic of Genoa as the natural continuation of the first Symposium held with great success in Genoa in 1988. The previous Meetings of the European Macula Group were held in Coimbra (1988), Crete (1989) and Athens (1994). I was greatly pleased and honoured to host the fourth congress of this distinguished Society and I am grateful to Gabriel Coscas, Jose Cunha-Vaz and George Theodossiadis, found ers of the Society, for selecting Genoa on this occasion. The two meetings integrated well in an unicuum and brought together an exceptional number of outstanding retinal specialists coming from all over the world. All the aspects of the current research concerning retinal pigment epithelial and macular diseases were covered. Several interesting presentations regarded new techniques of retinal and choroidal imaging. A full session was dedicated to the latest advances in culture and transplantation of retinal pigment epithelial cells. Age-related macular degeneration was a major subject for discussion, including new approaches to treatment. This topic was high lighted by a mini-symposium on drusen, including a series of superb lectures on classification, clinicopathological studies, indocyanine green imaging, and laser treatment for prevention of choroidal neovascularization.
THE PIGMENT EPITHELIUM: ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE RETINA IN HEALTH AND DISEASE- PAPERS PRESENTED AT A SYMPOSIUM- NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE- 2 PARTS.
Organelle Trafficking in Health and Disease of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium
Author: Li Xuan Tan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 150
Book Description
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a key site of damage in macular degeneration, which causes irreversible blindness in 30-50 million people globally. Our work aims to elucidate disease mechanisms and identify promising therapeutic targets. Using live-cell imaging, biochemical approaches and a mouse model of disease, this thesis examined the role of organelle trafficking in autophagy and complement regulation, two pathways implicated in macular degeneration. Autophagy is a major cellular clearance pathway essential for maintaining homeostasis in post-mitotic tissues such as the RPE. However, little is known regarding how autophagy is regulated in the RPE. Here, we showed that pathological accumulation of vitamin A metabolites in macular degeneration traps cholesterol in the RPE and inhibits both autophagosome biogenesis and autophagic clearance. Mechanistically, we determined that cholesterol activates acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase), causing increased generation of ceramide. This in turn promotes aberrant stabilization of microtubules and constraints autophagosome trafficking, preventing effective clearance of autophagic substrates. The work in this thesis also establishes a central role for organelle trafficking in regulating protective mechanisms against the abnormal activation of the complement system, which has been implicated in macular degeneration. These novel protective mechanisms in the RPE include accelerated recycling of the complement regulatory protein CD59 to the cell surface, and lysosome exocytosis-mediated membrane repair. Both protective mechanisms are impaired in diseased RPE due to alteration in organelle trafficking, leading to mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress upon exposure to complement. A key RPE function indispensable for vision is the phagocytosis and degradation of photoreceptor outer segments. The thesis characterized sequential interactions of outer segment phagosomes with autophagic machinery as the phagosomes traffic from the cell surface into the RPE. Moreover, outer segment phagocytosis activates transcription factor EB (TFEB), which regulates a vast arsenal of autophagy and lysosomal genes. Thus, the RPE may employ autophagy machineries for efficient clearance of phagocytosed outer segments. Altogether, these studies highlight the importance of organelle trafficking in RPE health and function. Importantly, this research revealed that removing excess cholesterol or inhibiting ASMase using FDA-approved drugs corrects organelle trafficking, thereby restoring autophagy and complement regulation in models of macular degeneration.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 150
Book Description
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a key site of damage in macular degeneration, which causes irreversible blindness in 30-50 million people globally. Our work aims to elucidate disease mechanisms and identify promising therapeutic targets. Using live-cell imaging, biochemical approaches and a mouse model of disease, this thesis examined the role of organelle trafficking in autophagy and complement regulation, two pathways implicated in macular degeneration. Autophagy is a major cellular clearance pathway essential for maintaining homeostasis in post-mitotic tissues such as the RPE. However, little is known regarding how autophagy is regulated in the RPE. Here, we showed that pathological accumulation of vitamin A metabolites in macular degeneration traps cholesterol in the RPE and inhibits both autophagosome biogenesis and autophagic clearance. Mechanistically, we determined that cholesterol activates acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase), causing increased generation of ceramide. This in turn promotes aberrant stabilization of microtubules and constraints autophagosome trafficking, preventing effective clearance of autophagic substrates. The work in this thesis also establishes a central role for organelle trafficking in regulating protective mechanisms against the abnormal activation of the complement system, which has been implicated in macular degeneration. These novel protective mechanisms in the RPE include accelerated recycling of the complement regulatory protein CD59 to the cell surface, and lysosome exocytosis-mediated membrane repair. Both protective mechanisms are impaired in diseased RPE due to alteration in organelle trafficking, leading to mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress upon exposure to complement. A key RPE function indispensable for vision is the phagocytosis and degradation of photoreceptor outer segments. The thesis characterized sequential interactions of outer segment phagosomes with autophagic machinery as the phagosomes traffic from the cell surface into the RPE. Moreover, outer segment phagocytosis activates transcription factor EB (TFEB), which regulates a vast arsenal of autophagy and lysosomal genes. Thus, the RPE may employ autophagy machineries for efficient clearance of phagocytosed outer segments. Altogether, these studies highlight the importance of organelle trafficking in RPE health and function. Importantly, this research revealed that removing excess cholesterol or inhibiting ASMase using FDA-approved drugs corrects organelle trafficking, thereby restoring autophagy and complement regulation in models of macular degeneration.
Das Retinale Pigmentepithel – Physiologie und Pathologie
Author: Alexa Karina Klettner
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
ISBN: 3031350553
Category : Medical
Languages : de
Pages : 379
Book Description
Dieses Buch bietet eine aktuelle Quelle zu einem der Hauptakteure bei Netzhauterkrankungen - dem Retinalen Pigmentepithel (RPE). Im gesamten Buch werden die physiologische und die pathologische Funktion des RPE gleichberechtigt behandelt, um dem Leser zu helfen, das RPE als Ganzes zu verstehen. Darüber hinaus werden die Entwicklung des RPE in Diagnostik und Therapie sowie einige praktische Erkenntnisse über experimentelle RPE-Modelle behandelt. Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Health and Disease hebt neue Erkenntnisse der RPE-Forschung hervor und enthält den aktuellen Wissensstand zu jedem vorgestellten RPE-Thema. Dieses wichtige Merkmal hebt dieses Buch von anderen Publikationen ab, da die Kapitel nach einem Schema aufgebaut sind, das vom Allgemeinen zum Speziellen führt, um eine präzise Sammlung der bekannten Fakten zu bieten. Die Kapitel sind von namhaften Experten verfasst, die derzeit als Berater, Grundlagenwissenschaftler und Gruppenleiter auf dem Gebiet tätig sind undso eine fachkundige Anleitung zu den aktuellen Aspekten und Zukunftsaussichten dieses Themas bieten.
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
ISBN: 3031350553
Category : Medical
Languages : de
Pages : 379
Book Description
Dieses Buch bietet eine aktuelle Quelle zu einem der Hauptakteure bei Netzhauterkrankungen - dem Retinalen Pigmentepithel (RPE). Im gesamten Buch werden die physiologische und die pathologische Funktion des RPE gleichberechtigt behandelt, um dem Leser zu helfen, das RPE als Ganzes zu verstehen. Darüber hinaus werden die Entwicklung des RPE in Diagnostik und Therapie sowie einige praktische Erkenntnisse über experimentelle RPE-Modelle behandelt. Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Health and Disease hebt neue Erkenntnisse der RPE-Forschung hervor und enthält den aktuellen Wissensstand zu jedem vorgestellten RPE-Thema. Dieses wichtige Merkmal hebt dieses Buch von anderen Publikationen ab, da die Kapitel nach einem Schema aufgebaut sind, das vom Allgemeinen zum Speziellen führt, um eine präzise Sammlung der bekannten Fakten zu bieten. Die Kapitel sind von namhaften Experten verfasst, die derzeit als Berater, Grundlagenwissenschaftler und Gruppenleiter auf dem Gebiet tätig sind undso eine fachkundige Anleitung zu den aktuellen Aspekten und Zukunftsaussichten dieses Themas bieten.