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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 104
Book Description
This progress report describes work being done at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) to assess the localized corrosion performance of container/cask materials used in the interim storage of used nuclear fuel. The work involves both characterization of the potential physical and chemical environment on the surface of the storage canisters and how it might evolve through time, and testing to evaluate performance of the canister materials under anticipated storage conditions.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 104
Book Description
This progress report describes work being done at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) to assess the localized corrosion performance of container/cask materials used in the interim storage of used nuclear fuel. The work involves both characterization of the potential physical and chemical environment on the surface of the storage canisters and how it might evolve through time, and testing to evaluate performance of the canister materials under anticipated storage conditions.
Author: Yi Xie Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 159
Book Description
The used nuclear fuel (UNF) dry storage is one of the options for the interim storage of UNF. Most of the dry storages are located in coastal and lake/river-side regions. They are designed to serve for 60 years or even more. In most cases, the storage canister which is in a welded austenitic stainless steel (SS) structure will be exposed to a salt-containing environment for the entire storage period. Since the canister is a primary barrier to fission product release, it has been determined to be robust with little degradation due to thermal, mechanical or radiation effects. However, atmospheric and aqueous pitting corrosion, as well as chloride induced stress corrosion cracking (CISCC) may occur because of the aggressive species that form on or contact the canister surface and the residual tensile stresses. The objective of this dissertation is to develop an experimental integrated approach to study the fundamentals of CISCC of Type 304L base metal (BM) and weld metal (WM) and collect data to evaluate CISCC under relevant environmental conditions, and to develop a model based on probabilistic analysis by parameterizing and validating using the experimental studies to predict long-term pitting behaviors of the storage canister. The efforts and findings documented in this dissertation consist of: (1) The electrochemical techniques are used to identify the corrosion potential, passive current, pitting potential, passivation layer impedance of the BM and WM immersed in highly concentrated chloride solutions at 40 and 70 °C. (2) The pitting corrosion resistance in the chloride-containing aqueous and atmospheric environment is evaluated and compared by the pit density and frequency distribution of depth. It is found that the welding process depresses the corrosion resistance of a metal matrix under the investigated environments. Metastable pitting is distinct especially for the early exposure times. The pitting corrosion resistance is influenced by the chloride concentration and the temperature. The findings of pitting corrosion in humid environments provide better forecasting on actual in-service canisters. (3) CISCC experiments with in situ measurement of crack growth rates of the BM and WM exposed to the salt deposit humid environment (15% RH at 70 °C) are conducted in the SCC test system. The WM has much higher SCC growth rate than the BM even with lower applied stress intensity, indicating the SCC resistance of the steel is depressed by the welding process. (4) Micro-characteristics imaging and analytical facilities are used to analyze the microstructure of pitting corrosion and CISCC. (5) The experimental results are used to concurrently parameterize and validate the model based on probabilistic analysis for pitting corrosion. The concept of Markov chain, as well as the pitting corrosion mechanism, is involved in this model to predict the pitting corrosion states, density and depth. Since the safety performance of the storage is major concerned in the nuclear industry, this study provides a technical basis for evaluating the technical issue and supports the development of evaluating SCC occurrence, crack depth and growth rate on in-service storage canisters.
Author: Philippe Marcus Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420028332 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 776
Book Description
Damage from corrosion costs billions of dollars per year. Controlling corrosion requires a fundamental, in-depth understanding of the mechanisms and phenomena involved, and this understanding is best achieved through advanced analytical methods. The first book to treat both surface analytical and electrochemical techniques in a single reference, An
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Radioactive waste disposal in the ground Languages : en Pages : 786
Book Description
The purpose of this environmental impact statement (EIS) is to provide information on potential environmental impacts that could result from a Proposed Action to construct, operate and monitor, and eventually close a geologic repository for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste at the Yucca Mountain site in Nye County, Nevada. The EIS also provides information on potential environmental impacts from an alternative referred to as the No-Action Alternative, under which there would be no development of a geologic repository at Yucca Mountain.
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Author: Yi Xie
Author: Philippe Marcus
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