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Author: George Davis Bittner Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2832544789 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 142
Book Description
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) by trauma are the most common neuronal injury in civilian and military populations and significantly burden health care systems. Mammals (including humans) with PNIs experience: (1) immediate loss of sensory and motor functions mediated by the denervated target tissues; (2) rapid (3-7d) Wallerian Degeneration (WD) of severed distal axonal segments; and, (3) slow (~1mm/day) regeneration by naturally occurring axonal outgrowths from surviving, severed proximal stumps that produce poor (if any) functional recovery because of slow axonal regeneration for long distances and lack of axonal guidance. Denervated muscle fibers and sensory organs often atrophy before any re-innervation can occur.
Author: George Davis Bittner Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2832544789 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 142
Book Description
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) by trauma are the most common neuronal injury in civilian and military populations and significantly burden health care systems. Mammals (including humans) with PNIs experience: (1) immediate loss of sensory and motor functions mediated by the denervated target tissues; (2) rapid (3-7d) Wallerian Degeneration (WD) of severed distal axonal segments; and, (3) slow (~1mm/day) regeneration by naturally occurring axonal outgrowths from surviving, severed proximal stumps that produce poor (if any) functional recovery because of slow axonal regeneration for long distances and lack of axonal guidance. Denervated muscle fibers and sensory organs often atrophy before any re-innervation can occur.
Author: Kuang-Ching Chris Tseng Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 167
Book Description
"Traumatic peripheral nerve crush injuries contribute a great deal of morbidity in patients and little improvement has been made in the treatment of these injuries in many years. Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic peripheral nerve damage suffer from a lack of means of accurately diagnosing the reasons for loss of nerve function and a lack of means of enhancing the time course of repair in injuries in which nerve function is lost for reasons other than axonal transection. In the current work, we demonstrate that administration of erythropoietin (EPO) shortens the time course of recovery after experimental crush injury to the mouse sciatic nerve. We found that systemic EPO administration maintained more myelinated axons at the site of injury in vivo following sciatic nerve crush. In vitro, EPO treatment promotes myelin formation and protects myelin from the effects of nitric oxide exposure in co-cultures of Schwann cells and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. These results suggested local EPO application might also be effective in promoting functional recovery, which would avoid potential systemic side effects of systemic EPO administration. We therefore developed a novel local treatment for peripheral nerve injury of EPO delivered in a fibrin glue matrix at the site of injury. Local delivery was as effective as systemic EPO administration, and thus may provide a potentially useful approach to enhancing recovery in peripheral nerve injuries. We also demonstrate that a single administration of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), which enables impulse conduction in demyelinated axons, transiently restores function and allows identification of injuries in which axons are intact but not functional. We further demonstrate that repeated 4-AP administration markedly improves the time course of recovery from crush injuries in the peripheral nerve as determined by behavioral and electophysiological analyses. Equal or greater efficacy is provided by localized delivery of slow-release formulations of 4-AP at the lesion site. In addition, we provide biochemical and ultrastructural evidence to show that repeated systemic 4-AP delivery and localized slow-release delivery enhance remyelination after injury. Thus, we provide a single therapeutic approach that addresses critical issues in diagnosing peripheral nerve injury and enhancing repair, and provides the first pharmacological approach to enhancing myelin repair. As 4-AP is already used in the clinic for treatment of multiple sclerosis, our approaches are highly suitable for rapid translation from the laboratory to clinical analysis"--Pages v-vi.
Author: William M. Reichert Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420009303 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
Despite enormous advances made in the development of external effector prosthetics over the last quarter century, significant questions remain, especially those concerning signal degradation that occurs with chronically implanted neuroelectrodes. Offering contributions from pioneering researchers in neuroprosthetics and tissue repair, Indwel
Author: Jianguo Cheng Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190298359 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 337
Book Description
Neuropathic pain is one of the most common, most debilitating, most costly, and most difficult to treat categories of chronic pain conditions that are characterized by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. Managing neuropathic pain is challenging and requires skillful assessment and comprehensive and integrated treatment strategies that are mechanism-guided, evidence-based, and individualized. However, these critical and integral elements are very fragmented in the current literature. The mechanistic understanding of neuropathic pain is typically found in basic research articles. Clinical research evidence is presented in forms of clinical trials with emphasis on minimizing biases such as those from patient selection and assessment. Individualized considerations for each patient are usually presented in case reports and problem-based learning discussions. This book overcomes these barriers and integrates all the critical elements around individual patient care into a coherent management strategy that is practical and applicable to daily clinical practice. Rather than compiling what have been published in the literature, this work emphasizes on identifying and highlighting the key points or findings that guide decision-making in clinical practice. It integrates the key points around a typical case scenario that not only represents the core of the diagnostic and therapeutic processes but also allows introduction and differentiation of painful conditions that bare similarities with the case in hand. The overarching goal is to improve clinical outcomes through better understanding of the mechanisms, more accurate diagnosis, and wiser and more comprehensive treatment strategies.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309035457 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 175
Book Description
"Injury is a public health problem whose toll is unacceptable," claims this book from the Committee on Trauma Research. Although injuries kill more Americans from 1 to 34 years old than all diseases combined, little is spent on prevention and treatment research. In addition, between $75 billion and $100 billion each year is spent on injury-related health costs. Not only does the book provide a comprehensive survey of what is known about injuries, it suggests there is a vast need to know more. Injury in America traces findings on the epidemiology of injuries, prevention of injuries, injury biomechanics and the prevention of impact injury, treatment, rehabilitation, and administration of injury research.
Author: Jörg Bahm Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1839696869 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 178
Book Description
In this book, specialists from different countries and continents share their knowledge and experience in brachial plexus surgery. It discusses the different types of brachial plexus injury and advances in surgical treatments.
Author: Augustus D Mazzocca Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences ISBN: 0323551416 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
Designed with the practicing clinician in mind, Biologics in Orthopaedic Surgery provides a succinct, easy-to-digest overview of the integration of biologics (platelet-rich-plasma [PRP], bone marrow aspirate [BMA], and stem cells) into today’s orthopaedic practice. Covering relevant basic science as well as clinical applications, this concise reference takes a head-to-toe approach to the emerging role of orthobiologics for specific conditions and procedures, in addition to future directions for implementation.
Author: Mahmut Nedim Doral Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3642365698 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 3295
Book Description
Sports Injuries: Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation covers the whole field of sports injuries and is an up-to-date guide for the diagnosis and treatment of the full range of sports injuries. The work pays detailed attention to biomechanics and injury prevention, examines the emerging treatment role of current strategies and evaluates sports injuries of each part of musculoskeletal system. In addition, pediatric sports injuries, extreme sports injuries, the role of physiotherapy, and future developments are extensively discussed. All those who are involved in the care of patients with sports injuries will find this textbook to be an invaluable, comprehensive, and up-to-date reference.
Author: George Davis Bittner
Author: George Davis Bittner
Author: Kuang-Ching Chris Tseng
Author: William M. Reichert
Author: Jianguo Cheng
Author: National Research Council
Author: Giovanna Gambarotta
Author: Jörg Bahm
Author: Bo He
Author: Augustus D Mazzocca
Author: Mahmut Nedim Doral