Author: Peter William PlumsteadPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 120
Book Description
Keywords: Broiler, protein, amino acids, ideal amino acid profile, lysine.
Response of Young Broilers to Graded Levels of Dietary Protein and Amino Acids
Author: Peter William PlumsteadPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 120
Book Description
Keywords: Broiler, protein, amino acids, ideal amino acid profile, lysine.
Response of Young Broilers to Graded Levels of Dietary Protein and Amino Acids
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Previous research suggested that broiler body weight responds in a linear manner to increasing concentrations of dietary crude protein (CP) containing an ideal profile of amino acids. Three studies were conducted to determine the effects of CP and amino acid balance on the response of young broilers to graded levels of CP and lysine. Experiments 1 and 2 utilized a series of 12 diets that were formulated to contain CP levels of 21.8, 23.5, 25.2, and 26.9% at each of three levels of ME (3000 kCal/kg, 3100 kCal/kg, and 3200 kCal/kg). In all formulations the percentage of dietary ME supplied by added oil was kept constant and dietary CP was set at 5.5% of total lysine resulting in total lysine concentrations 1.20%, 1.29% 1.38% and 1.47%. Experiment 1 utilized 1,152 Cobb x Cobb broilers reared in 72 floor pens with 8 male and 8 female birds per pen while the same experimental diets were applied to 640 male and female broilers with six replicate pens of five male and five female broilers in Experiment 2. Weekly body weight gain (BWG), feed intake and mortality were recorded. All data were subjected to multiple regression analyses and orthogonal contrasts were used to describe the nature of the response obtained. Results showed 21 d broiler BWG to respond in a linear manner to increasing levels of lysine balanced to maintain the same ratios of CP and essential amino acids to the highest total lysine level of 1.47% (27% CP). Increasing dietary ME from 3,000 to 3,100 kCal/kg improved BWG with no further improvement when the ME was increased to 3,200 kCal/kg. There was no effect of dietary ME concentration on feed intake resulting in no interaction between dietary ME and CP on BWG. Experiment 3 further evaluated the response in broiler BWG to increasing concentrations of lysine incorporated in the diet either alone or in a balanced manner to dietary CP. Two lysine deficient basal diets were formulated to contain either 22.0% Protein (LOW CP) or 27.2% (High CP) while the other.
Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health
Author: Guoyao WuPublisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030544621
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Book Description
Amino acids (AAs) are not only building blocks of protein, but are also signalling molecules as well as regulators of gene expression and the protein phosphorylation cascade. Additionally, AAs are key precursors for syntheses of hormones and low-molecular weight nitrogenous substances with each having enormous biological importance. For example, physiological concentrations of AA metabolites (e.g., nitric oxide, polyamines, glutathione, taurine, thyroid hormones, and serotonin) are required for cell functions. Growing evidence shows that humans and animals have dietary requirements for all proteinogenic AAs. Mammals, birds and fish also have species- and age-dependent needs for some AA-related substances. However, elevated levels of other products (e.g., ammonia, homocysteine, H2S, and asymmetric dimethylarginine) are pathogenic factors for neurological disorders, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular disease. Thus, optimal amounts of AAs and their ratios in diets and circulation are crucial for whole body homeostasis and health. Adequate provision of one or a mixture of functional AAs or metabolites may be beneficial for ameliorating health problems at various stages of the life cycle (e.g., fetal growth restriction, neonatal morbidity and mortality, weaning-associated intestinal dysfunction and wasting syndrome, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, the metabolic syndrome, and infertility). Dietary supplementation of these nutrients can also optimize the efficiency of metabolic transformations to enhance muscle growth, milk production, and athletic performance, while preventing excess fat deposition and reducing adiposity. Therefore, functional AAs hold great promise in improving the growth, health and well-being of individuals. Chapter 7 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Feeding and Managing Broilers at High Temperatures
Author: Thim Kian ChengThe Amino Acid Maintenance and Growth Requirements of Male Broilers
Author: Milan HrubýLow Protein/amino Acids Supplementation on Immune Response of Broilers
Author: Simiat OgunbodePublisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659912399
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128
Book Description
Supply of the recommended Crude Protein (CP) in the diet gives good performance of broilers but introduces excess nitrogen from the undigested protein through droppings into the environment. Lowering CP in broiler diets is currently being advocated. However, lower CP levels could lead to reduced performance and compromise the birds' immune system. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of enhancing low CP diets with methionine, lysine and Ideal Methionine to Lysine Ratio (IMLR) in broilers. Three hundred and twenty one-day old broilers were randomly allotted to ten diets consisting of a control (23.0% CP and 0.6% Methionine) and nine test diets (3x3 factorial) containing 20, 17 and 14% CP. Each of the nine test diets contained methionine levels of 0.6, 1.0 and 1.4% using completely randomized design. The experiment lasted six weeks. Also, 160 one-day old broilers were randomly allotted to 10 diets for five weeks with the same CP levels but 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0% for lysine. Similarly, 160 one-day old broilers were randomly allotted to 10 diets for five weeks with the same CP level. Then 47, 52 and 57% IMLR levels were included in the diets.
Animal Feed Formulation
Author: Gene M. PestiPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780442013356
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 184
Book Description
Students in animal science, industry personnel involved in the feeding of animals, and professionals working for feed-mixing companies will all benefit from this current, comprehensive package - a text on the economic and nutritional aspects of feed formulations that optimize nutritional content while minimizing costs. Animal Feed Formulation applies a well-tested, easy-to-use computer program called UFFDA that illustrates the principles of least-cost food formulation. Developed in a cooperative effort by the Departments of Poultry Science and Agricultural and Applied Economics at the University of Georgia, UFFDA is menu-driven software that has the editing capabilities of a spreadsheet program for altering the ingredient and nutrient matrix. The book begins by solving a simple ration-balancing problem, providing step-by-step instructions with the computer program that any user - even one without computer training - can readily follow. It then discusses specific feed formulation techniques in terms of their practical applications and economic implications. Included are such techniques as sensitivity analysis, parametric cost and nutrient ranging, optimum-density formulation, multi-blending, and risk analysis, among others. Applying these and other techniques using the special features of UFFDA, users can select the proper ingredients, adjust proportions among nutrients, determine which feeds might require scarce ingredients, consider the risks involved in dealing with ingredients with below-average compositions, and ultimately determine the costs and nutritional content of various feed formulations. The program can be applied to determining feed formulations for any animal, including sheep, beef and dairy cattle, swine, turkeys, broilers, catfish, and horses. Practitioners who are growing animals will be able to maximize the nutritional content of their feed while keeping costs down. Professionals working in feed-mixing companies will be able to maximize profits by offering products composed of low-cost ingredients that are also of good nutritional value. Students will gain a firm background in nutritional and economic concepts, insight into how to apply them to practical problems, and an understanding of the way good nutrition and good value can be achieved by applying the latest computer technology.
Impact of the Acute Phase Response on Broiler Performance and Organ Size and Amino Acid Composition
Author: Papinya SirimongkolkasemPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 358
Book Description
Author: Paul Vivian Twining
Author: Emad A. Saleh 1997