Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering from Molecules and Atoms PDF Download

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Languages : en
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 34

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Inelastic x-ray scattering and elastic x-ray scattering are fundamentally related processes. When the x-ray photon energy is near the ionization threshold for an inner shell, the inelastic channel is dominated by resonant x-ray Raman scattering. Studies of this emission not only illuminate the resonant scattering process in general, they also point to new opportunities for spectral studies of electronic structure using x-rays. Atoms in the form of a free gas provide an ideal target for testing the current theoretical understanding of resonant x-ray Raman scattering. In addition, x-ray scattering from molecular gases demonstrates the effect of bonding symmetry on the polarization and angular distribution of the scattered x-rays. Comparisons of experimental data with theory demonstrate both the successes and limitations of simple, single-electron interpretations of the scattering process.

Author: Eberhard J. Jaeschke
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319143934
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century did have such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal find of the X-rays. X-ray tubes soon made their way as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher brilliance and much extended spectral range resulted in stunning developments like the electron synchrotron and electron storage ring and the freeelectron laser. This handbook highlights these developments in fifty chapters. The reader is given not only an inside view of exciting science areas but also of design concepts for the most advanced light sources. The theory of synchrotron radiation and of the freeelectron laser, design examples and the technology basis are presented. The handbook presents advanced concepts like seeding and harmonic generation, the booming field of Terahertz radiation sources and upcoming brilliant light sources driven by laser-plasma accelerators. The applications of the most advanced light sources and the advent of nanobeams and fully coherent x-rays allow experiments from which scientists in the past could not even dream. Examples are the diffraction with nanometer resolution, imaging with a full 3D reconstruction of the object from a diffraction pattern, measuring the disorder in liquids with high spatial and temporal resolution. The 20th century was dedicated to the development and improvement of synchrotron light sources with an ever ongoing increase of brilliance. With ultrahigh brilliance sources, the 21st century will be the century of x-ray lasers and their applications. Thus, we are already close to the dream of condensed matter and biophysics: imaging single (macro)molecules and measuring their dynamics on the femtosecond timescale to produce movies with atomic resolution.

Author: Ricardo Scherer
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3346005445
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 139

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Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2002 in the subject Physics - Experimental Physics, grade: 1, University of Cologne (2. Physikalisches Institut), language: English, abstract: This thesis comprises a detailed study of the electronic properties of the polycyclic hydrocarbons tetracene, perylene and coronene. The at room temperature grown organic layers consisted of a up to several hundred nanometer thickness, and have been studied with the experimental techniques soft x-ray emission spectroscopy (SXES) and NEXAFS-spectroscopy by means of synchrotron radiation. In particular, resonant inelastic scattering (RIXS) was employed in order to obtain possible band structure or MO-symmetry information of the studied systems. The studied materials consist of large organic molecules, evaporated under high vacuum on silicon wafers. The goal was to figure out, whether inside these organic layers the hydrocarbon molecules polymerize and form a band structure or if the hydrocarbon molecules do not interact with each other and retain their original molecular like symmetry and behavior. The discrete peaks in the hydrocarbon NEXAFS-spectra could be assigned by comparison with the literature to chemical shifted C1s→ π∗ transitions, caused by different chemical surrounded C-atoms. Hence, due to excitation on a certain π∗-resonance only C1s-electrons of equal C-atoms can be excited, which leads to a site selective excitation. The fluorescent decay of the created hole, which is as well localized on these former excited C-atoms was recorded energy dispersed in the SXE-spectrometer. This method is usually referred to as SXE. Therefore, the local MO-density was recorded. Hartree-Fock based ground state MO-calculations have been performed for each molecule, in order to simulate the SXE-spectra. Good agreement between experiment and simulation was shown, under the strict retainment of symmetry selection rules along the transitions. This result states, that the different hydrocarbon molecules conserve their symmetry and structure in an up to several hundred nanometer thick organic layer. Only in the region of the valence band maximum (π-states) weak indications for a band dispersion could be observed.

Author: David L Ederer
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814547255
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 248

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The Raman Emission by X-rays (REX-I) Workshop focused on Raman Scattering of x-rays mostly from Synchrotron Radiation Sources. The advent of new high brightness sources of x-ray radiation has given new impetus to this tantalizing technique that has offered ways of obtaining new insights into the atomic and electronic structure of solids and gases, but which has been limited by weak sources of excitation. In the last five years, Raman scattering by x-rays has been observed an ubiquitous phenomena. It has been applied to yield new information about the band structure of solids and about the electronic structure of atoms. It was the object of this workshop to identify and define key issues in this rapidly developing subfield of x-ray physics by gathering together a group of theorists and experimentalists, and by providing overlap between atomic and condensed matter physics. The workshop aimed to achieve this end by providing an environment to discuss the latest developments and to initiate cross fertilization in the difference areas.

Author: Franz Hennies
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783899632910
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 170

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Author: Winfried Schuelke
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191523283
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 608

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Knowledge of the dynamics of many-electron systems is of fundamental importance to all disciplines of condensed matter physics. A very effective access to electron dynamics is offered by inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) spectroscopy. The double differential scattering cross section for IXS is directly related to the time-dependent two-particle density correlation function, and, for large momentum and energy transfer (Compton limit) to the electron momentum distribution. Moreover, resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) enables the study of electron dynamics via electronic excitations in a very selective manner (e.g. selectively spin, crystal momentum, or symmetry), so that other methods are efficaciously complemented. The progress of IXS spectroscopy is intimately related to the growing range of applications of synchrotron radiation. The aim of the book is to provide the growing community of researchers with accounts of experimental methods, instrumentation, and data analysis of IXS, with representative examples of successful applications, and with the theoretical framework for interpretations of the measurements.

Author: Winfried Schülke
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0198510179
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 606

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This work offers the first comprehensive review of experimental methods, theory, and successful applications of synchrotron radiation based on inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy, which enables the investigation of electron dynamics in condensed matter (correlated motion and excitation).

Author: Markus Hantschmann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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With the implementation of intense, short pulsed light sources throughout the last years, the powerful technique of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) became feasible for a wide range of experiments within femtosecond dynamics in correlated materials and molecules. In this thesis I investigate the potential to bring RIXS into the fluence regime of nonlinear X-ray-matter interactions, especially focusing on the impact of stimulated scattering on RIXS in transition metal systems in a transmission spectroscopy geometry around transition metal L-edges. After presenting the RIXS toolbox and the capabilities of free electron laser light sources for ultrafast intense X-ray experiments, the thesis explores an experiment designed to understand the impact of stimulated scattering on diffraction and direct beam transmission spectroscopy on a CoPd multilayer system. The experiments require short X-ray pulses that can only be generated at free electron lasers (FEL). Here the pulses are not only short, but also very intense, which opens ...

Author: Alicia Esther Ares
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535128876
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 230

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X-ray scattering techniques are a family of nondestructive analytical techniques. Using these techniques, scientists obtain information about the crystal structure and chemical and physical properties of materials. Nowadays, different techniques are based on observing the scattered intensity of an X-ray beam hitting a sample as a function of incident and scattered angle, polarization, and wavelength. This book is intended to give overviews of the relevant X-ray scattering techniques, particularly about inelastic X-ray scattering, elastic scattering, grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, and high-resolution X-ray diffraction, and, finally, applications of X-ray spectroscopy to study different biological systems.