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Author: Robert Schafer Publisher: ISBN: 9781639050345 Category : Apportionment (Election law) Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
Introduction -- Congressional Districts -- Political question -- One person, one vote -- State Legislative Districts -- Gerrymandering -- Manageable standard for resolving gerrymandering -- Conclusion.
Author: Robert Schafer Publisher: ISBN: 9781639050345 Category : Apportionment (Election law) Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
Introduction -- Congressional Districts -- Political question -- One person, one vote -- State Legislative Districts -- Gerrymandering -- Manageable standard for resolving gerrymandering -- Conclusion.
Author: Robert Schafer Publisher: ISBN: 9781639050352 Category : Apportionment (Election law) Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
"This book proposes a manageable standard for resolving gerrymandering without the entanglements of justiciability and political questions. The standard focuses on the mechanism by which gerrymandering operates, not on the outcome. The precedent for this focus is the solution to disparate population counts in the one-person, one-vote cases. This focus is necessary because any remedy needs to work with other unconstitutional inequities (such as income based gerrymandering) as well as ones based on partisanship"--
Author: Stephen K. Medvic Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1509536884 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
For nearly as long as there have been electoral districts in America, politicians have gerrymandered those districts. Though the practice has changed over time, the public reaction to it has remained the same: gerrymandering is reviled. There is, of course, good reason for that sentiment. Gerrymandering is intended to maximize the number of legislative seats for one party. As such, it is an attempt to gain what appears to be an unfair advantage in elections. Nevertheless, gerrymandering is not well understood by most people and this lack of understanding leads to a false sense that there are easy solutions to this complex problem. Gerrymandering: The Politics of Redistricting in the United States unpacks the complicated process of gerrymandering, reflecting upon the normative issues to which it gives rise. Tracing the history of partisan gerrymandering from its nineteenth-century roots to the present day, the book explains its legal status and implementation, its consequences, and possible options for reform. The result is a balanced analysis of gerrymandering that acknowledges its troubling aspects while recognizing that, as long as district boundaries have to be drawn, there is no perfect way to do so.
Author: Bernard Grofman Publisher: Algora Publishing ISBN: 0875862667 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 354
Book Description
This volume is motivated by three concerns. First is the belief that the issue of political gerrymander will play a significant (although far from dominant) role in redistricting litigation in the 1990s and thereafter. In the 1980s, the legislative and/or congressional redistricting plans of all but a handful of states were subject to lawsuits (Grofman, 1985a). Many of these lawsuits involved the issue of racial vote dilution (Grofman, Migalski, and Noviello, 1985). In the 1980s hundreds of local jurisdictions that used at-large or multimember district elections had their electoral system challenged OCo and most of the jurisdictions under challenge were forced to change their system to a single-member district plan that was not dilutive of minority voting strength (see, e.g., Brischetto and Grofman, 1988). Although partisan gerrymandering is less prevalent than racial vote dilution, in the 1990s we can expect to see challenges to partisan gerrymandering like those in the 1980s to racial vote dilution. In particular, numerous local jurisdictions that use partisan multimember district or at-large elections may be subject to challenge. Second, in commissioning essays I sought to involve a number of the leading scholars in the field so as to put together a largely selfcontained compendium of the major points of view on how issues of partisan gerrymandering are to be litigated. While the ultimate issues in constitutional interpretation are ones that the Supreme Court must resolve, and these will be resolved only after an extensive series of case-by-case adjudications-just as the actual numerical features of the one person, one vote standard evolved only in the decade of litigation after Baker v. Carr (Grofman, 1989a) OCo there is an important role for social scientists to play. Social science testimony proved important in the area of racial vote dilution by aiding courts to interpret the provisions of the Voting Rights Acts (e.g., in defining the operational meaning of terms like racially polarized voting; Grofman, Migalski, and Noviello, 1985; Grofman, 1989b). In like manner, I believe that research by social scientists will aid attorneys and the federal courts in specifying manageable standards to define and measure the effects of partisan gerrymandering. I hope this volume will prove instrumental as the beginning of such a dialogue. The third concern that motivated this volume is my view that egregious partisan gerrymandering is a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment rights of political groups, and that it is both appropriate and necessary for courts to intervene when such rights are significantly impaired. However, I recognize that the courts must steer a careful line so as to avoid encouraging frivolous lawsuits, while at the same time sending a clear message to potential gerrymanders that intentional egregious political gerrymanders, which eliminate competition and are built to be resistant to electoral tides, will be struck down. Court intervention to end egregious partisan gerrymandering is necessary for a number of reasons."
Author: Anthony J. McGann Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1316589331 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 269
Book Description
This book considers the political and constitutional consequences of Vieth v. Jubelirer (2004), where the Supreme Court held that partisan gerrymandering challenges could no longer be adjudicated by the courts. Through a rigorous scientific analysis of US House district maps, the authors argue that partisan bias increased dramatically in the 2010 redistricting round after the Vieth decision, both at the national and state level. From a constitutional perspective, unrestrained partisan gerrymandering poses a critical threat to a central pillar of American democracy, popular sovereignty. State legislatures now effectively determine the political composition of the US House. The book answers the Court's challenge to find a new standard for gerrymandering that is both constitutionally grounded and legally manageable. It argues that the scientifically rigorous partisan symmetry measure is an appropriate legal standard for partisan gerrymandering, as it logically implies the constitutional right to individual equality and can be practically applied.
Author: Nicholas R. Seabrook Publisher: Cornell University Press ISBN: 1501707787 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 177
Book Description
Radical redistricting plans, such as that pushed through by Texas governor Rick Perry in 2003, are frequently used for partisan purposes. Perry's plan sent twenty-one Republicans (and only eleven Democrats) to Congress in the 2004 elections. Such heavy-handed tactics strike many as contrary to basic democratic principles. In Drawing the Lines, Nicholas R. Seabrook uses a combination of political science methods and legal studies insights to investigate the effects of redistricting on U.S. House elections. He concludes that partisan gerrymandering poses far less of a threat to democratic accountability than conventional wisdom would suggest.Building on a large data set of the demographics of redrawn districts and subsequent congressional elections, Seabrook looks less at the who and how of gerrymandering and considers more closely the practical effects of partisan redistricting plans. He finds that the redrawing of districts often results in no detrimental effect for district-level competition. Short-term benefits in terms of capturing seats are sometimes achieved but long-term results are uncertain. By focusing on the end results rather than on the motivations of political actors, Seabrook seeks to recast the political debate about the importance of partisanship. He supports institutionalizing metrics for competitiveness that would prove more threatening to all incumbents no matter their party affiliation.
Author: Rita Santos Publisher: Greenhaven Publishing LLC ISBN: 1534503277 Category : Young Adult Nonfiction Languages : en Pages : 136
Book Description
Gerrymandering, the manipulation of boundaries in order to benefit one group or political party, is not new, but thanks to technology it is more widespread. Questions about the constitutionality of gerrymandering have gone all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court. This provocative volume explores the practice of partisan redistricting, how it affects elections and policy, whether it is unconstitutional, and above all what must be done to ensure that control of the government rests in the hands of the people.
Author: Peter F. Galderisi Publisher: Lexington Books ISBN: 9780739107188 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 394
Book Description
The process and politics of redistricting have become more complicated over the years. This volume addresses that complication through a series of theoretical, historical, and case study essays.
Author: Jonathan Winburn Publisher: Lexington Books ISBN: 9780739121856 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 268
Book Description
This book tests the effectiveness of political control and neutral rules on limiting partisan gerrymandering in state legislative redistricting. Specifically, the book examines the 2000 redistricting process in eight states_Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Texas, and Washington.
Author: Robert Schafer
Author: Robert Schafer
Author: Robert Schafer
Author: Stephen K. Medvic
Author: Bernard Grofman
Author: Anthony J. McGann
Author: Nicholas R. Seabrook
Author: Rita Santos
Author: Elmer Cummings Griffith
Author: Peter F. Galderisi
Author: Jonathan Winburn