Resistance to Photodynamic Therapy in Cancer PDF Download

Author: Valentina Rapozzi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319127306
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 253

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Book Description
This volume provides a comprehensive review of resistance induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT) in tumor cells. Understanding the underlying mechanisms in this process leads to the improvement of therapeutic modality, in combination with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy. Photodynamic therapy is a minimally invasive therapeutic procedure that can exert a selective or preferential cytotoxic activity toward malignant cells. The procedure involves administration of an intrinsically non-toxic photosensitizing agent (PS) followed by irradiation at a wavelength corresponding to a visible absorption band of the sensitizer. In the presence of oxygen, a series of events lead to direct tumor cell death, damage to the microvasculature, and induction of a local inflammatory reaction. Studies reveal that PDT can be curative, particularly in early stage tumors and this volume explores the potential of PDT, but also reveals strategic approaches to overcome resistance in tumor cells.

Author: Michael R. Hamblin
Publisher: Artech House
ISBN: 1596932783
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 601

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Book Description
With today's focus on targeted and minimally invasive therapies, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is now being studied and used to combat many disease states and to investigate critical biological questions. This groundbreaking resource brings you the latest advances in photodynamic therapy and offers you a solid understanding of the design, delivery and dosimetry of the three basic ingredients of PDT - photosensitizers, light and oxygen. The book covers novel areas of mechanistic and innovative translational approaches. Moreover, it gives you an overview of the important medical applications of PDT, including approved treatments, clinical trials, and investigated therapies for cancer and non-malignant diseases.

Author: Rebecca C. Gilson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 131

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Book Description
Despite enormous efforts, cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide. The main challenges currently facing cancer therapy include lack of adequate tumor targeting, failure to treat hypoxic tumor cells, and induction therapy resistant tumors. A solution to these limitations can be found in photodynamic therapy (PDT) which combines light and light activatable compounds, photosensitizers (PSs), to produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) to damage tumor tissue. This creates a spatiotemporal therapeutic effect, where cell damage only occurs at the intersection of the PS and light. PDT can treat tumors through unique mechanisms which reduce induction of tumor resistance. Although PDT has had clinical success in treating skin cancer and macular degeneration, it has yet to be a widely adopted or accepted therapy.In this dissertation, we lay the groundwork for a new PDT strategy which systematically addresses and optimizes each aspect of PDT. To overcome the limitation of PDT to treat hypoxic tumors, we developed a novel nano-photosensitizer, TiO2-N3, that produces cytotoxic ROS even under hypoxic conditions. Next, to determine the optimal intracellular target for TiO2-N3, we compared the therapeutic outcome of ROS generated in endosomes, lysosomes, mitochondria, and ER. We identified the ER as the organelle most sensitive to ROS damage and therefore the optimal intracellular target for TiO2-N3. Finally, to deliver TiO2-N3 to tumors in vivo, we developed two tumor targeting agents, both of which are equipped with near-infrared fluorophores for whole body imaging. This work has laid the foundation for a novel PDT strategy by overcoming issues that have limited the clinical adoption of PDT.

Author: Nilufer Bulut
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789235669
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 228

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Book Description
The book 'Breast Cancer and Surgery' summarizes the treatment options from the onset of breast carcinogenesis to early-local advanced and metastatic breast cancer. Chemotherapy alternatives, drug resistance and local and surgical treatment preferences are extensively discussed and this information is especially directed at clinicians, researchers, and students. This book includes a comparison between different chemotherapy agents and targeted therapies with published phase II-III studies. The importance of palliative care and dietary supplements administered during the treatment course in reducing the comorbidity of patients is emphasized. Photodynamic treatments have been included in this book. A comprehensive and up-to-date information exchange that can be accessed through a single source is provided to all researchers interested in breast cancer.

Author: Michael R. Hamblin
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1439884706
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 854

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Book Description
Providing the most comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of this exciting biomedical field, Handbook of Photomedicine gathers together a large team of international experts to give you a complete account of the application of light in healthcare and medical science. The book progresses logically from the history and fundamentals of photomedicine to di

Author: Ravindra K Pandey
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814719668
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 563

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Book Description
The main objective of this book is to present the recent applications of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating cancer and other diseases. The limitations associated with current PDT agents, and the synthetic designs that have been used in various laboratories are also discussed. The utility of certain tumor-avid agent for cancer imaging (fluorescence, PET, MRI) is also summarized. The book also includes the use of delivery vehicles, including nanoparticles in improving the tumor-specificity of the desired agents. The book is basically focused on the translational approach of drug development. By providing certain specific examples, a clear concept of moving a 'product' from the bench to bed-side is also discussed.To have a clear concept of drug development the book is divided in three parts — Medicinal Chemistry, Mechanistic and Clinical studies. Each part includes the contributions from the leading scientists with extensive experience in the respective field. The handbook is assembled by renowned scientists Dr Dougherty, known as the father of PDT, Dr Kessel, well known for his contributions on mechanism of PDT and Dr Pandey for his inventions in developing improved agents for PDT and cancer-imaging.

Author: 吳亭儀
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: David Kessel
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849358166
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 358

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Book Description
This two-volume text provides a summary of current studies relating to the use of photosensitizing agents in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. This interesting work describes synthesis of new sensitizers, photochemical and photobiological properties of dyes currently used for photodynamic therapy, plus those being examined with a view toward providing therapeutic advantages. It contains results and methodology from leading experts on the use of porphyrins and other photosensitizers for detection of neoplastic disease and for photodynamic therapy of neoplastic disease. The volumes focus on the major clinical and pre-clinical research groups. They also include an appended bibliography which lists all pertinent publications in this field. This easy-to-understand book is written for all workers in the field of photodynamic therapy and provides an introduction to those beginning research on some aspect of tumor photosensitization.

Author: Herwig Kostron
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1782624511
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 680

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Book Description
Comprehensive Series in Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is increasingly being used amongst health practitioners in combating a variety of disease. This book reviews the current state of development of PDT, and also presents the foreseeable advancements of the field in the next decade. Practitioners in biological sciences, biotechnology and medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry will find this book an invaluable source of information. Chapters are drawn from research discusses at the 10th International Symposium on Photodynamic Therapy and Photodiagnosis in Clinical Practice in Brixen and are written and edited by leaders in the field. Mirroring the philosophy of that meeting, this book contains an informative balance of the basic sciences and clinical applications of PDT. Following an introduction to PDT, its history, and how techniques have developed, chapter serve as a practical guide for practitioners, covering topics such as sensitizer dosage and light dosage, and examples of relevant studies. The text goes further tp explore areas outside the medical field, such as the impact of PDT on society and the environment, and the economics of therapies. This book is dedicated to the memory of Professor Giulio Jori, and expert in this field, who sadly passed away on the 23rd December 2014.

Author: Elizabeth Mary Pascucci
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cancer
Languages : en
Pages : 152

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Book Description
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment that uses the combination of a photosensitizing drug and light to selectively kill cancer cells. PDT has many potential advantages such as minimal side effects, excellent cosmetic results, and no cellular resistance burdening traditional cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation. Currently used in the clinic, a limitation is depth of light penetration; therefore, PDT can only be used to treat superficial disease. Our novel PDT agent utilizes two-photon laser technology, which increases the depth of light penetration, greatly increasing the potential uses. Our PDT is able to kill selective cells because the PDT drug has a targeting agent so the drug only goes to cancer cells that overexpress the Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTr2) on their cell surface. Laser light irradiates the cancer cells causing cytotoxic singlet oxygen to be produced damaging the cells. It was observed, through in vivo imaging of the tumors before and after treatment, that vascular flow was diminished as a result of PDT. It is well established that angiogenesis must occur when a tumor reaches a certain size in order for the cells to remain viable and the tumor to continue to grow; therefore, vascular shutdown could be an important mechanism of how PDT works. A series of experiments on the tumor vasculature using in vivo imaging, immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy has taken place since this observation to determine what may be happening. Results of these studies have shown that tumor vessels do express the SSTr2 and therefore effected by treatment. Experiments using a somatostatin analog, octreoate, detected by a fluor has shown that the endothelial cells do take the drug up. To ensure that it is blood vessels that were being studied, tumor tissue was stained for both SSTr2 and vonWillebrand Factor (vWF), a recognized endothelial cell marker. Staining patterns for both antibodies were similar. To strengthen the argument, SSTr2- negative tumor cells also showed a positive staining pattern of their vessels, demonstrating that even though the tumor cells are SSTr2- negative, the tumor vessels can be SSTr2-positive and thus responsive to PDT.