Author: Benjamin Bonavida Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319178075 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 364
Book Description
This comprehensive volume explores the latest research on the mechanisms of resistance in cancer cells to CTL-mediated immunotherapy. Chapter topics discuss cell-mediated immunity as the result of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) directed specifically against cancer cells. In addition, the volume reviews how CTL mediate the cytotoxic activity, in large part, by the indication of apoptosis; hence, tumor cells develop anti-apoptotic mechanisms and thereby, resist CTL-induced apoptosis. In order for CTL-mediated antitumor immunotherapy to be effective, it is essential that agents directed against the resistant tumor cells sensitized cancer cells for CTL-mediated apoptosis. Examples of such agents discussed in the volume include are HDAC inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors, Bcl-2 family inhibitors, PARP, antibodies, and more.
Author: Jorge Morales-Montor Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128220295 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
Immunotherapy in Resistant Cancer: From the Lab Bench Work to Its Clinical Perspectives provides high level knowledge on detailed mechanisms of actions and biological interactions of different immune drugs, with an aim of offering researchers and clinicians cutting-edge therapies to overcome drug resistance. The book explains the latest immunotherapies for different types of cancer, helping users carry out research projects or create alternatives for drug development in the pharmaceutical industry. Topics discussed include the relationship between immunotherapy and macrophages, immune checkpoints in different types of cancer, immune cocktails in solid tumors, and immune-phenotyping. Additionally, the book presents basic and clinical data on immunoresistance and glycosylation. This book is a valuable source for cancer researchers, medical doctors, clinicians and members of the biomedical field who must understand certain mechanisms to fight cancer that is resistant to immunotherapy. - Provides basic and clinical evidence based on molecular interactions and clinical studies to address the risks and benefits of cancer immunotherapy - Presents the results of new immunotherapy trials, discussing the state-of-the-art in different types of cancer - Discusses targeted therapies approved by the FDA, along with therapies with clinical potential used in basic studies
Author: Laurence Zitvogel Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319624318 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 700
Book Description
In this book, leading experts in cancer immunotherapy join forces to provide a comprehensive guide that sets out the main principles of oncoimmunology and examines the latest advances and their implications for clinical practice, focusing in particular on drugs with FDA/EMA approvals and breakthrough status. The aim is to deliver a landmark educational tool that will serve as the definitive reference for MD and PhD students while also meeting the needs of established researchers and healthcare professionals. Immunotherapy-based approaches are now inducing long-lasting clinical responses across multiple histological types of neoplasia, in previously difficult-to-treat metastatic cancers. The future challenges for oncologists are to understand and exploit the cellular and molecular components of complex immune networks, to optimize combinatorial regimens, to avoid immune-related side effects, and to plan immunomonitoring studies for biomarker discovery. The editors hope that this book will guide future and established health professionals toward the effective application of cancer immunology and immunotherapy and contribute significantly to further progress in the field.
Author: Filipe Araujo Hoffmann Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 50
Book Description
Following initial therapy responses, tumors often relapse leading to patient mortality. How cancer cells change from a therapy sensitive to a therapy resistant state is poorly understood, particularly in the context of cytotoxic CD8 T cells mediated immunotherapy. Multiple studies have identified mechanisms by which residual tumor cells avoid CD8 T cell activation, but thus far there have been no studies focused on whether residual tumor cells survive continuous exposure to and attack by activated CD8 T cells. We hypothesized that in addition to commonly proposed evasive mechanisms, cancer cells can enter an immunotherapy-tolerant persister cell state to survive activated CD8 T cell attack. Here, we report the observation of a subpopulation of quiescent immunotherapy persister cells which survive through a reversible, non-genetic mechanism. Upon extended cytotoxic T cell pressure, a subset of immunotherapy persister cells reenter the cell cycle and regrow into overtly resistant colonies which may represent the initial events of acquired resistance and tumor recurrence. These findings suggest that cancer cells may survive initial T cell cytotoxicity exposure through a quiescent persister state for several weeks prior to relapse. Interestingly, we found that immunotherapy persister cells survive despite continual T cell activation and experience sublethal activation of apoptotic signaling. Together, these studies reveal a novel population of tumor cells which survive extended CD8 T cell attack and may seed tumor recurrence during acquired resistance to immunotherapy.
Author: Federico Garrido Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3030178641 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 101
Book Description
This book is about the escape strategies used by cancer cells to avoid the immune response of the host. The main characters of this story are the “Antigen Presenting Molecules” and the “T Lymphocytes”. The former are known as the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC): the H-2 and the HLA molecules. The latter are a subgroup of white cells travelling all over our body which are capable to distinguish between “self and non self”. Readers will know from the inside about the history of the HLA genetic system and will discover how T lymphocytes recognize and destroy cancer cells. One of the key important questions is: Why tumors arise, develop and metastasize? This book tries to answer this question and will explain how cancer cells become invisible to killer T lymphocytes. The loss of the HLA molecules is a major player in this tumor escape mechanism. Cancer immunotherapy is aimed at stimulating T lymphocytes to destroy tumor cells. However, the clinical response rate is not as high as expected. The molecular mechanisms responsible for MHC/HLA antigen loss play a crucial role in this resistance to immunotherapy. This immune escape mechanism will be discussed in different types of tumors: lung, prostate, bladder and breast...ect. as well as melanoma and lymphoma. This book will be useful to Oncologists, Pathologists and Immunologist that will enter this fascinating area of research. It will be also interesting for biologist, doctoral students and medical residents interested in “Tumor Immunology”.
Author: Ronald B. Herberman Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780898387575 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
This volume is the second in the 'Cancer Treatment and Research' series focussing on basic and clinical tumor immunology. It has a rather different focus or emphasis from that of the first volume, published two years ago. That work (Basic and Clinical Tumor Immunology, R.B. Herberman, ed., Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1983) devoted considerable attention to up dated summaries in various areas of classical tumor immunology: specific antitumor immunity, the immunologic competence of cancer patietns, char acterization of human tumor-associated antigens, the ability to propagate specifically immune T cells in culture in the presence of interleukin 2, and the use of such cells for adoptive immunotherapy of established tumors. of evidence concerning the immune However, it also reviewed the status surveillance hypothesis and pointed out the need to consider non-T cell mediated mechanisms of host resistance. In particular, one chapter sum marized information on the role of macrophages in host resistance against tumors. The present volume continues to emphasize one of the major themes of the first volume, innovative approaches to the therapy of cancer. It involves contributions from leading investigators on several primary types of therapeutic interventions related to monoclonal antibodies, the col laboration of monoclonal antibodies with macro phages to mediate antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity, lymphokines, tumor vaccines, and natural killer cells. It also has an up-to-date summary of the immunologic aspects of the exciting and promising work being performed on human T cell leukemia virus in the laboratory of Dr. Robert Gallo.
Author: Robert C. Rees Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191664553 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 496
Book Description
Patients are beginning to benefit from antibody based, cellular and vaccine approaches that are effective against genetically diverse and therapy-resistance cancers. BCG immunotherapy is now being used as a first line treatment for human bladder cancer and the introduction of prophylactic vaccination against Hepatitis B and HPV cancers is starting to show positive results. Following recent FDA approval for a vaccination against prostate cancer, and optimistic results in clinical trials for a vaccine targeting cancer antigens in lung cancer, cancer immunotherapy is now significantly impacting patient clinical management. Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy provides an up-to-date and comprehensive account of cancer immunity and immunotherapy. It discusses our adaptive and innate immunity to cancer, the mechanisms underpinning our immune response, current approaches to cancer immunotherapy, and how tumour and host responses can circumvent effective anti-cancer immunity. The book examines recent results, publications and current areas of interest including 'immune editing' and the specific issues that are affecting the research and development of vaccines, providing insight into how these problems may be overcome, as viewed by world leaders in the field. Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy will appeal to clinicians working in oncology and cancer immunotherapy, and research scientists including PhD and masters students, post-doctoral researchers and senior investigators.
Author: Davide Bedognetti Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters ISBN: 0128059192 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 43
Book Description
During the last few years several immunotherapies have been shown to induce clinical response and/or improve the clinical outcome in a significant number of cancer patients. However, the lack of a human-centered translational approach has led to the accumulation of a multitude of disjointed clinical and basic researches with a consequent disharmonic growth of the scientific knowledge. The huge number of non-evidence-based conjectural hypotheses has competitively interacted with the few evidence-based hypotheses generated by studies conducted in humans leading to the accumulation of several clinical breakdowns and few “mysterious” successes. In the last decade, the availability of high-throughput gene expression profiling has led to the development of novel discovery-driven approaches capable of investigating the tumor/host integration in its globality. Here, we describe in detail gene expression profiling studies that have led to the formulation of a new generation of evidence-based hypotheses explaining the structural basis of the immune-mediated tumor rejection following immunotherapy.
Author: Emmanuel Donnadieu Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319422235 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
This volume focuses on recent advances in understanding T cells as key players in antitumor immune responses, and as a result T cell-based immunotherapy is starting to transform the treatment of advanced cancers. However, despite recent successes, many patients with cancer fail to respond to these treatments. Defective migration of T cells into and within tumors is considered as an important resistance mechanism to cancer immunotherapy.The volume includes three sections. The first section covers general knowledge about T cell trafficking during a normal immune response but also during tumor development. The second section provides an in-depth description of the different obstacles that prevent T cells from migrating and contacting tumor cells. The third section explores therapeutic strategies to improve trafficking of T cells into tumors and, thus, to enhance the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy.
Author: Benjamin Bonavida
Author: Jorge Morales-Montor
Author: Laurence Zitvogel
Author: Filipe Araujo Hoffmann
Author: Virginie Lafont
Author: Federico Garrido
Author: Ronald B. Herberman
Author: Robert C. Rees
Author: Davide Bedognetti
Author: Emmanuel Donnadieu