Research for Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences PDF Download

Author: Euclid Seeram
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030799565
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 215

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Book Description
This book addresses essential principles of research according to the scientific method for medical imaging technology research. The scope of this book covers the nature of scientific research; quantitative and qualitative approaches essentials; research planning; literature review fundamentals; research methods; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; and communicating research findings. The book meets the educational requirements on Research Principles and Concepts (for entry to practice) of the following professional radiologic technology associations: the American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT), the Canadian Association of Medical Radiation Technologists (CAMRT), the College of Radiographers in the United Kingdom, and radiography societies and associations in Asia, Australia, Europe, and Africa. This is an ideal book for radiologic technologists, nuclear medicine technologists, and radiation therapists seeking to get started in research in their profession. Additionally, biomedical imaging engineering technologists, radiologists, and medical imaging physicists may use this as a “guiding principles” textbook.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030949771X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 143

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Book Description
Exposures at low doses of radiation, generally taken to mean doses below 100 millisieverts, are of primary interest for setting standards for protecting individuals against the adverse effects of ionizing radiation. However, there are considerable uncertainties associated with current best estimates of risks and gaps in knowledge on critical scientific issues that relate to low dose radiation. The Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board of the National Academies hosted the symposium on The Future of Low Dose Radiation Research in the United States on May 8 and 9, 2019. The goal of the symposium was to provide an open forum for a national discussion on the need for a long-term strategy to guide a low dose radiation research program in the United States. The symposium featured presentations on low dose radiation programs around the world, panel discussions with representatives from governmental and nongovernmental organizations about the need for a low dose radiation research program, reviews of low dose radiation research in epidemiology and radiation biology including new directions, and lessons to be learned from setting up large research programs in non-radiation research fields. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the symposium.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309096103
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 431

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Book Description
The Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA) was set up by Congress in 1990 to compensate people who have been diagnosed with specified cancers and chronic diseases that could have resulted from exposure to nuclear-weapons tests at various U.S. test sites. Eligible claimants include civilian onsite participants, downwinders who lived in areas currently designated by RECA, and uranium workers and ore transporters who meet specified residence or exposure criteria. The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), which oversees the screening, education, and referral services program for RECA populations, asked the National Academies to review its program and assess whether new scientific information could be used to improve its program and determine if additional populations or geographic areas should be covered under RECA. The report recommends Congress should establish a new science-based process using a method called "probability of causation/assigned share" (PC/AS) to determine eligibility for compensation. Because fallout may have been higher for people outside RECA-designated areas, the new PC/AS process should apply to all residents of the continental US, Alaska, Hawaii, and overseas US territories who have been diagnosed with specific RECA-compensable diseases and who may have been exposed, even in utero, to radiation from U.S. nuclear-weapons testing fallout. However, because the risks of radiation-induced disease are generally low at the exposure levels of concern in RECA populations, in most cases it is unlikely that exposure to radioactive fallout was a substantial contributing cause of cancer.

Author: Andrea Di Cicco
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030720055
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 239

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Book Description
This book collects several contributions presented at the 2019 meeting of the Italian Synchrotron Radiation Society (SILS), held in Camerino, Italy, from 9 to 11 September 2019. Topics included are recent developments in synchrotron radiation facilities and instrumentation, novel methods for data analysis, applications in the fields of materials physics and chemistry, Earth and environmental science, coherence in x-ray experiments. The book is intended for advanced students and researchers interested in synchrotron-based techniques and their application in diverse fields.

Author: Antone L. Brooks
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780874223545
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Chief Scientist Dr. Antone Brooks and his Low Dose Radiation Research Program team redefined the field, applying advances in instrumentation and molecular biology from the Human Genome Project and developing new technologies to examine cellular responses. Their findings were startling. At low doses, biological reactions are unique and often unrelated to those that occur at high doses. The influential linear-no-threshold model--which predicted that damage from acute exposures can be extrapolated linearly to low dose exposures--was flawed. Small doses of radiation can have an adaptive protective effect. "Hit theory," the idea that radiation only affected cells it directly traversed, yielded to "bystander theory," which hypothesizes that cells communicate with each other and a dose to one affects others surrounding it. Low Dose Radiation describes the program's development, the scientists who made it viable, and the fundamental results, highlighting lessons learned during its lifespan.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309134153
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 173

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Book Description
Nearly 20 million nuclear medicine procedures are carried out each year in the United States alone to diagnose and treat cancers, cardiovascular disease, and certain neurological disorders. Many of the advancements in nuclear medicine have been the result of research investments made during the past 50 years where these procedures are now a routine part of clinical care. Although nuclear medicine plays an important role in biomedical research and disease management, its promise is only beginning to be realized. Advancing Nuclear Medicine Through Innovation highlights the exciting emerging opportunities in nuclear medicine, which include assessing the efficacy of new drugs in development, individualizing treatment to the patient, and understanding the biology of human diseases. Health care and pharmaceutical professionals will be most interested in this book's examination of the challenges the field faces and its recommendations for ways to reduce these impediments.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309162866
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 192

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Book Description
The field of corrosion science and engineering is on the threshold of important advances. Advances in lifetime prediction and technological solutions, as enabled by the convergence of experimental and computational length and timescales and powerful new modeling techniques, are allowing the development of rigorous, mechanistically based models from observations and physical laws. Despite considerable progress in the integration of materials by design into engineering development of products, corrosion considerations are typically missing from such constructs. Similarly, condition monitoring and remaining life prediction (prognosis) do not at present incorporate corrosion factors. Great opportunities exist to use the framework of these materials design and engineering tools to stimulate corrosion research and development to achieve quantitative life prediction, to incorporate state-of-the-art sensing approaches into experimentation and materials architectures, and to introduce environmental degradation factors into these capabilities. Research Opportunities in Corrosion Science and Engineering identifies grand challenges for the corrosion research community, highlights research opportunities in corrosion science and engineering, and posits a national strategy for corrosion research. It is a logical and necessary complement to the recently published book, Assessment of Corrosion Education, which emphasized that technical education must be supported by academic, industrial, and government research. Although the present report focuses on the government role, this emphasis does not diminish the role of industry or academia.

Author: Jürgen Kiefer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642186874
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 306

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Book Description
Scope and ideas of the workshop The workshop which took place at the University of Giessen from Oct. 3 to Oct. 7, 2002 and whose proceedings are collected in this volume started from the idea to convene a number of scientists with the aim to outline their ”visions” for the future of radiation research on the basis of their expertise. As radiation research is a very wide field restrictions were unavoidable. It was decided to concentrate this time mainly on molecular and cellular biology because it was felt that here action is par-ticularly needed. This did not exclude contributions from neighbouring fields as may be seen from the table of contents. It was clearly not planned to have a c- prehensive account of the present scientif fic achievements but the results presented should only serve as a starting point for the discussion of future lines of research, with the emphasis on the ”outreach” to other parts of life sciences. If you are interested in the future ask the young – we attempted, therefore, to invite mainly younger colleagues (with a few exceptions) who had, however, already left their marks in the field. They were asked to describe what they felt is important in radiation research and may have significant influences on other branches of life sciences. They were given the task to demonstrate what is lost for science ”if we do no longer exist”.

Author: Frank Verhaegen
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000455556
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 291

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Book Description
About ten years after the first edition comes this second edition of Monte Carlo Techniques in Radiation Therapy: Introduction, Source Modelling, and Patient Dose Calculations, thoroughly updated and extended with the latest topics, edited by Frank Verhaegen and Joao Seco. This book aims to provide a brief introduction to the history and basics of Monte Carlo simulation, but again has a strong focus on applications in radiotherapy. Since the first edition, Monte Carlo simulation has found many new applications, which are included in detail. The applications sections in this book cover the following: Modelling transport of photons, electrons, protons, and ions Modelling radiation sources for external beam radiotherapy Modelling radiation sources for brachytherapy Design of radiation sources Modelling dynamic beam delivery Patient dose calculations in external beam radiotherapy Patient dose calculations in brachytherapy Use of artificial intelligence in Monte Carlo simulations This book is intended for both students and professionals, both novice and experienced, in medical radiotherapy physics. It combines overviews of development, methods, and references to facilitate Monte Carlo studies.

Author: Wilfred Ngwa
Publisher: IOP Publishing Limited
ISBN: 9780750312257
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
In response to the growing global health challenge in the fight against cancer, there is now a greater need for radiation oncology health professionals across institutions to collaborate and be more globally engaged. Emerging Models for Global Health in Radiation Oncology is a response to the need for a book that comprehensively covers the important and emerging field of radiation oncology. The recent World Health Organization (WHO) Cancer Report describes the growing global burden of cancer as alarming, a major obstacle to human development and well-being, with a growing annual economic cost of ca. US$1.16 trillion. The report also highlights major global cancer disparities, and these major disparities in cancer deaths are in part a reflection of poignant underlying differences in radiation oncology services. In parallel with this, there has been a major recent upsurge in radiation oncology global health interest and a common issue expressed at global health summits, seminars, and symposia is that people want to participate in global health but do not know how. This insightful book highlights the emerging models for global radiation oncology, and serves as a useful resource to facilitate participation and greater effective collaborative global cancer care, research, education, and outreach. It is suitable for researchers, students, health professionals, and anyone interested in the global oncology community.