Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crop improvement
Languages : en
Pages : 176
Book Description
Use of Mutation Techniques for Improvement of Cereals in Latin America
Author: Current Options for Cereal Improvement
Author: M. MaluszynskiPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792300649
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 234
Book Description
China was the first country to use cytoplasmic male sterility to develop hybrid rice for commercial use in 1973. In 1986 more than 8 million hectares of hybrid rice were planted in China, which is one fourth of the total rice area and produces one third of the total rice in the country. Hybrids usually out yield the leading commercial varieties by -20-30%, giving an average yield advantage of 1 to 1. 5 t/ha, because of their better morphological traits, higher physiological efficiency, better resistance to major diseases and insects, and wide adaptability to various agro-ecological stresses. IMPROVEMENT OF HYBRID RICE A. Mutation techniques Almost all of the cultivated F1 rice hybrids in China are developed from cytoplasmic male sterile and restorer lines. According to surveys made in recent years, more than 30 sources of cytoplasmic male sterility in rice can be identified, among which only six are being commercially used (Table 1). Wild rice with aborted pollen (WA) cytosterility system is the most popular one in use to develop male sterile lines (MS line) in China. The main technique available for developing stable MS lines is sUbstitution backcrossing of the genome of one species into alien cytoplasm of another. Sufficient backcrosses are required to eliminate all nuclear genes derived from the cytoplasm donor species. A number of studies have shown that using interspecies crosses, such as the cross of wild rice (Q. perennis, Q. sativa, f.
Manual on MUTATION BREEDING THIRD EDITION
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsPublisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251305269
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 319
Book Description
This paper provides guidelines for new high-throughput screening methods – both phenotypic and genotypic – to enable the detection of rare mutant traits, and reviews techniques for increasing the efficiency of crop mutation breeding.
Induced Mutations and Molecular Techniques for Crop Improvement
Author: International Atomic Energy AgencyPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 776
Book Description
Proceedings of a symposium jointly organized by the IAEA and FAO, Vienna, 19-23 June 1995. The aim of the symposium was to review current aspects of mutation and molecular biology techniques for use in crop improvement and to bridge the gap between practical plant breeding and molecular techniques. Problems of crop improvement worldwide, and their possible solution, were discussed. It was concluded that use of all available approaches, including mutation and molecular biology techniques, will be crucial to future plant breeding programmes in order to meet the world's food production challenges.
Plant Breeding Abstracts
Author: IAEA Newsbriefs
Author: Index of Conference Proceedings
Author: British Library. Document Supply CentrePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Congresses and conventions
Languages : en
Pages : 842
Book Description
Annual Report
Author: AFRC Institute of Plant Science ResearchPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 336
Book Description
Somaclonal Variation and Induced Mutations in Crop Improvement
Author: S.M. JainPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401591253
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 615
Book Description
Genetic variability is an important parameter for plant breeders in any con ventional crop improvement programme. Very often the desired variation is un available in the right combination, or simply does not exist at all. However, plant breeders have successfully recombined the desired genes from cultivated crop gerrnplasm and related wild species by sexual hybridization, and have been able to develop new cultivars with desirable agronomie traits, such as high yield, disease, pest, and drought resistance. So far, conventional breeding methods have managed to feed the world's ever-growing population. Continued population growth, no further scope of expanding arable land, soil degradation, environ mental pollution and global warrning are causes of concern to plant biologists and planners. Plant breeders are under continuous pressure to improve and develop new cultivars for sustainable food production. However, it takes several years to develop a new cultivar. Therefore, they have to look for new technologies, which could be combined with conventional methods to create more genetic variability, and reduce the time in developing new cultivars, with early-maturity, and improved yield. The first report on induced mutation of a gene by HJ. Muller in 1927 was a major mi1estone in enhancing variation, and also indicated the potential applica tions of mutagenesis in plant improvement. Radiation sources, such as X-rays, gamma rays and fast neutrons, and chemical mutagens (e. g. , ethyl methane sulphonate) have been widely used to induce mutations.
Plant Mutation Breeding and Biotechnology
Author: Q. Y. ShuPublisher: CABI
ISBN: 1780640854
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 612
Book Description
Abstract: This book presents contemporary information on mutagenesis in plants and its applications in plant breeding and research. The topics are classified into sections focusing on the concepts, historical development and genetic basis of plant mutation breeding (chapters 1-6); mutagens and induced mutagenesis (chapters 7-13); mutation induction and mutant development (chapters 14-23); mutation breeding (chapters 24-34); or mutations in functional genomics (chapters 35-41). This book is an essential reference for those who are conducting research on mutagenesis as an approach to improving or modifying a trait, or achieving basic understanding of a pathway for a trait --.