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Book Description
Il est de plus en plus souvent suggéré que les processus attentionnels pourraient jouer un rôle important dans l'apprentissage de la lecture. Aussi le but de notre travail a-t-il été de mieux comprendre les relations entre ces différents processus cognitifs et donc de répondre aux question suivantes: Les performances de lecture sont-elles corrélées aux performances attentionnelles évaluées dans trois types d'attention: l'attention soutenue, l'attention sélective et l'attention partagée? Ces corrélations évoluent-elles avec le niveau d'expertise de la lecture? Pour ce faire, nous avons évalué les compétences de lecture de 29 enfants de CE1 et 29 enfants de CM2 à l'aide du test Grégoire et le ballon rouge. Nous avons alors corrélé les mesures de temps de lecture, de qualité, de compréhension et de mélodie avec les scores obtenus dans différents tests attentionnels. ' Les résultats ont montré que les trois processus attentionnels sont impliqués spécifiquement dans les différentes compétences de lecture et que le niveau d'expertise influence les corrélations mises en avant. Dans un contexte d'apprentissage et de rééducation, notre étude permettrait de mieux prendre en compte chaque processus attentionnel afin d'améliorer les compétences particulières de la lecture et donc sa qualité générale.
Book Description
Il est de plus en plus souvent suggéré que les processus attentionnels pourraient jouer un rôle important dans l'apprentissage de la lecture. Aussi le but de notre travail a-t-il été de mieux comprendre les relations entre ces différents processus cognitifs et donc de répondre aux question suivantes: Les performances de lecture sont-elles corrélées aux performances attentionnelles évaluées dans trois types d'attention: l'attention soutenue, l'attention sélective et l'attention partagée? Ces corrélations évoluent-elles avec le niveau d'expertise de la lecture? Pour ce faire, nous avons évalué les compétences de lecture de 29 enfants de CE1 et 29 enfants de CM2 à l'aide du test Grégoire et le ballon rouge. Nous avons alors corrélé les mesures de temps de lecture, de qualité, de compréhension et de mélodie avec les scores obtenus dans différents tests attentionnels. ' Les résultats ont montré que les trois processus attentionnels sont impliqués spécifiquement dans les différentes compétences de lecture et que le niveau d'expertise influence les corrélations mises en avant. Dans un contexte d'apprentissage et de rééducation, notre étude permettrait de mieux prendre en compte chaque processus attentionnel afin d'améliorer les compétences particulières de la lecture et donc sa qualité générale.
Author: Andrew Conway Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 019972167X Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 347
Book Description
Working memory--the ability to keep important information in mind while comprehending, thinking, and acting--varies considerably from person to person and changes dramatically during each person's life. Understanding such individual and developmental differences is crucial because working memory is a major contributor to general intellectual functioning. This volume offers a state-of-the-art, integrative, and comprehensive approach to understanding variation in working memory by presenting explicit, detailed comparisons of the leading theories. It incorporates views from the different research groups that operate on each side of the Atlantic, and covers working-memory research on a wide variety of populations, including healthy adults, children with and without learning difficulties, older adults, and adults and children with neurological disorders. A particular strength of this volume is that each research group explicitly addresses the same set of theoretical questions, from the perspective of both their own theoretical and experimental work and from the perspective of relevant alternative approaches. Through these questions, each research group considers their overarching theory of working memory, specifies the critical sources of working memory variation according to their theory, reflects on the compatibility of their approach with other approaches, and assesses their contribution to general working memory theory. This shared focus across chapters unifies the volume and highlights the similarities and differences among the various theories. Each chapter includes both a summary of research positions and a detailed discussion of each position. Variation in Working Memory achieves coherence across its chapters, while presenting the entire range of current theoretical and experimental approaches to variation in working memory.
Author: Karalyn Patterson Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 9781138091177 Category : Languages : en Pages : 596
Book Description
A child with developmental dyslexia or an adult with a reading disorder following brain damage might read the word shoe as 'show', why does this happen? Most current information processing models of reading distinguish between two alternative procedures for the pronunciation of a printed word. The difference between these concerns the level at which orthography is translated to phonology in one, the word-level procedure, a word is read aloud with reference to knowledge specific to that whole word. In the other, the sub-word-level procedure, a printed word is pronounced with reference to knowledge about smaller segments which occur in many different words. Both procedures contribute to normal skilled reading and its acquisition. But if one of the procedures is disrupted, then oral reading will be forced to rely on the alternative routine. Surface dyslexia is a general label for any disorder of reading which results from inadequate functioning of the word-level procedure and in consequence abnormal reliance on sub-word level translation from orthography to phonology. Originally published in 1985, this book provides new evidence about the diverse manifestations of surface dyslexia in adult neurological patients and in children with developmental disorders of reading. The data are drawn from speakers of a range of languages with distinct orthographies. Process models for the pronunciation of print are elaborated, and an appendix gives neurological information on the patients reported.
Author: Allan Paivio Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 1317716906 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 538
Book Description
This book updates the Dual Coding Theory of mind (DCT), a theory of modern human cognition consisting of separate but interconnected nonverbal and verbal systems. Allan Paivio, a leading scholar in cognitive psychology, presents this masterwork as new findings in psychological research on memory, thought, language, and other core areas have flourished, as have pioneering developments in the cognitive neurosciences. Mind and Its Evolution provides a thorough exploration into how these adaptive nonverbal and verbal systems might have evolved, as well as a careful comparison of DCT with contrasting "single-code" cognitive theories. Divided into four parts, this text begins with a general, systematic theory of modern human cognition as the reference model for interpreting the cognitive abilities of evolutionary ancestors. The first half of the book discusses mind as it is; the second half addresses how it came to be that way. Each half is subdivided into two parts defined by thematic chapters. Mind and Its Evolution concludes with evidence-based suggestions about nourishing mental growth through applications of DCT in education, psychotherapy, and health. This volume will appeal to cognitive and evolutionary psychologists, as well as students in the areas of memory, language, cognition, and mind evolution specialists in psychology, philosophy, and other disciplines.
Author: Charles Read Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 0429950357 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 118
Book Description
In this study, originally published in 1986, Professor Charles Read examines the ways in which pre-school and primary children create spellings – or misspellings, as they appear to be. He focuses on the hidden phonetic bases for some frequent patterns in young children’s spelling, both in and out of school. Professor Read examines children’s spelling in other languages (Dutch, French, Spanish) as well as in various dialects of English, in order to see the influence of other sets of speech sounds and other standard spelling systems. Overall, the evidence suggests that children are very much affected by phonetic characteristics, as they tend to spell alike certain classes of speech sound which are indeed phonetically similar. In devising spellings, children can be remarkably independent and inventive in an activity which for adults is anything but creative, and Professor Read suggests ways in which educators can build upon this creativity.
Author: Susan E. Gathercole Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 9781841699189 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 268
Book Description
This special issue ponders a detailed and contemporary analysis of the theoretical underpinnings of short-term and working memory. Articles focus on short-term memory for phonological, semantic, and spatial material, on executive function and on short-term forgetting. The empirical perspectives include the neuroimaging of short-term memory, short-term memory development and the neuropsychology and neurobiology of memory, in addition to laboratory-based experimental studies. Together, these articles identify significant current models and approaches to short-term and working memory, providing a broad set of perspectives which illustrate the wide impact of working memory on the understanding of human cognition.
Author: Giovanna Borradori Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226066657 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 225
Book Description
The idea for Philosophy in a Time of Terror was born hours after the attacks on 9/11 and was realized just weeks later when Giovanna Borradori sat down with Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida in New York City, in separate interviews, to evaluate the significance of the most destructive terrorist act ever perpetrated. This book marks an unprecedented encounter between two of the most influential thinkers of our age as here, for the first time, Habermas and Derrida overcome their mutual antagonism and agree to appear side by side. As the two philosophers disassemble and reassemble what we think we know about terrorism, they break from the familiar social and political rhetoric increasingly polarized between good and evil. In this process, we watch two of the greatest intellects of the century at work.
Author: Alexia Armando
Author: Alexia Armando
Author: Michel Leclercq
Author: Andrew Conway
Author: Donald D. Hammill
Author: Karalyn Patterson
Author: Allan Paivio
Author: Charles Read
Author: Susan E. Gathercole
Author: Giovanna Borradori
Author: