Relations Between Cognitive Abilities and Interpreting Performance PDF Download

Author: Sut Cheng Leong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author: Peter A. Frensch
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317781392
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 364

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Book Description
This volume presents a state-of-the-science review of the most promising current European research -- and its historic roots of research -- on complex problem solving (CPS) in Europe. It is an attempt to close the knowledge gap among American scholars regarding the European approach to understanding CPS. Although most of the American researchers are well aware of the fact that CPS has been a very active research area in Europe for quite some time, they do not know any specifics about even the most important research. Part of the reason for this lack of knowledge is undoubtedly the fact that European researchers -- for the most part -- have been rather reluctant to publish their work in English-language journals. The book concentrates on European research because the basic approach European scholars have taken to studying CPS is very different from one taken by North American researchers. Traditionally, American scholars have been studying CPS in "natural" domains -- physics, reading, writing, and chess playing -- concentrating primarily on exploring novice-expert differences and the acquisition of a complex skill. European scholars, in contrast, have been primarily concerned with problem solving behavior in artificially generated, mostly computerized, complex systems. While the American approach has the advantage of high external validity, the European approach has the advantage of system variables that can be systematically manipulated to reveal the effects of system parameters on CPS behavior. The two approaches are thus best viewed as complementing each other. This volume contains contributions from four European countries -- Sweden, Switzerland, Great Britain, and Germany. As such, it accurately represents the bulk of empirical research on CPS which has been conducted in Europe. An international cooperation started two years ago with the goal of bringing the European research on complex problem solving to the awareness of American scholars. A direct result of that effort, the contributions to this book are both informative and comprehensive.

Author: Fredrick Allen Schrank
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0126289824
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 460

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Book Description
WJ III Clinical Use and Interpretation presents a wide variety of clinical applications of the WJ III from leading experts. Each chapter will provide the reader with insights into patterns of cluster and test scores from both the WJ III Tests of Cognitive Abilities and WJ III Tests of Achievement that can assist with interpretation and formulation of diagnostic hypotheses for clinical practice. WJ III Clinical Use and Interpretation provides expert guidance for using the WJ III with individuals with a broad array of learning and neuropsychological problems, including learning disabilities and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. New research included in this volume emphasizes the value of the WJ III for identification of gifted children and adolescents and young children with developmental delays. * Written by the leading experts on the WJ III * Coverage of both the Tests of Cognitive Abilities and Tests of Achievement * Provides expert guidance on using the WJ III with a variety of clinical populations * Includes new research and illustrative case studies * Goes beyond interpretive material published in the Examiner's Manuals and other resource books

Author: Xing Xing
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819963354
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 165

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Book Description
This book sheds new light on personality dispositions research into interpreter performance, injecting fresh impetus for a new research agenda designed to further our understanding of hardiness–performance linkages in interpreters. Interpreters are made not born (Mackintosh, 1999: 67), i.e., it is generally assumed that everyone has the potential to become an interpreter, given proper training. Nonetheless, time constraints and financial limitations make it advisable to select applicants who need the least training. Aptitude testing for interpreting, with a purpose to admitting the most promising candidates, has thus become not only a practical necessity for institutions but also a central issue among interpreting researchers. The book presents a literature review and empirical survey, which reveal, e.g., that aptitude testing for interpreting attaches great importance to cognitive aptitude. In contrast, non-cognitive attributes (personality in particular), while also considered important, are seldom measured, due to their complex structure and the lack of scientific measurement tools. Bearing this gap in mind, the book focuses on research into personality traits in aptitude testing for interpreting, with an aim to expanding the objective means of testing candidates for the requisite knowledge and skills. It is devoted to an empirical investigation into the effects of personality hardiness on interpreting performance, with interpreting anxiety and self-efficacy as two intermediates. To this end, a quantitative method (questionnaire survey) and a qualitative in-depth interview were used with 149 Chinese student interpreters at postgraduate level. The results indicate that personality hardiness is a valuable trait for student interpreters. By systematically presenting the effects of personality hardiness on interpreting performance, the book offers both theoretical and empirical stepping stones to understanding the position of personality hardiness in aptitude testing for interpreting, providing stakeholders with valuable insights into and blueprints for selecting the most teachable candidates for interpreting training programs.

Author: Lisa Ann Szczesniak
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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There were generally null effects for added variance, though there may be some evidence for a curvilinear relationship between cognitive ability and the specific skill of decoding. These regressions were also re-run while controlling for demographic variables, and again a third time when individuals with possible response bias (i.e., low effort or malingering) were removed; the results did not change. Finally, linear correlations were calculated separately for students in different parts of the distribution of cognitive ability. Again, results indicated that the relationships remain linear across the distribution of cognitive ability. While our primary hypothesis was not supported, this study extended previous research to better understand the linear nature of cognitive-achievement relationships among referred adults. Implications for practice are nuanced and depend on which model of learning disability diagnosis is used.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309370930
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 233

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Book Description
The United States Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two disability programs: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), for disabled individuals, and their dependent family members, who have worked and contributed to the Social Security trust funds, and Supplemental Security Income (SSSI), which is a means-tested program based on income and financial assets for adults aged 65 years or older and disabled adults and children. Both programs require that claimants have a disability and meet specific medical criteria in order to qualify for benefits. SSA establishes the presence of a medically-determined impairment in individuals with mental disorders other than intellectual disability through the use of standard diagnostic criteria, which include symptoms and signs. These impairments are established largely on reports of signs and symptoms of impairment and functional limitation. Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination considers the use of psychological tests in evaluating disability claims submitted to the SSA. This report critically reviews selected psychological tests, including symptom validity tests, that could contribute to SSA disability determinations. The report discusses the possible uses of such tests and their contribution to disability determinations. Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination discusses testing norms, qualifications for administration of tests, administration of tests, and reporting results. The recommendations of this report will help SSA improve the consistency and accuracy of disability determination in certain cases.

Author: Dawn P. Flanagan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118234561
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 483

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The most up-to-date resource of comprehensive information for conducting cross-battery assessments The Cross-Battery assessment approach—also referred to as the XBA approach—is a time-efficient assessment method grounded solidly in contemporary theory and research. The XBA approach systematically integrates data across cognitive, achievement, and neuropsychological batteries, enabling practitioners to expand their traditional assessments to more comprehensively address referral concerns. This approach also includes guidelines for identification of specific learning disabilities and assessment of cognitive strengths and weaknesses in individuals from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. Like all the volumes in the Essentials of Psychological Assessment series, Essentials of Cross-Battery Assessment, Third Edition is designed to help busy practitioners quickly acquire the knowledge and skills they need to make optimal use of psychological assessment instruments. Each concise chapter features numerous callout boxes highlighting key concepts, bulleted points, and extensive illustrative material, as well as test questions that help you to gauge and reinforce your grasp of the information covered. Essentials of Cross-Battery Assessment, Third Edition is updated to include the latest editions of cognitive ability test batteries , such as the WISC-IV, WAIS-IV, and WJ III COG, and special purpose cognitive tests including the WMS-IV and TOMAL-II. This book now also overs many neuropsychological batteries such as the NEPSY-II and D-KEFS and provides extensive coverage of achievement batteries and special purpose tests, including the WIAT-III, KM-3, WRMT-3 and TOWL-4. In all, this book includes over 100 psychological batteries and 750 subtests, all of which are classified according to CHC (and many according to neuropsychlogical theory. This useful guide includes a timesaving CD-ROM, Essential Tools for Cross-Battery Assessment (XBA) Applications and Interpretation, which allows users to enter data and review results and interpretive statements that may be included in psychological reports. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

Author: Pavol Šveda
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000389294
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 248

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This collection offers a unified treatment of the latest research on interpreter training in Central Europe with a special focus on community interpreting. The volume brings together perspectives from scholars working across different countries to map the current state-of-the-art in interpreter training in the region. Across thirteen chapters, the book highlights the diverse range of innovative approaches interpreters and interpreter trainers are implementing in response to changing student populations and broader social changes around migration bringing an increase in refugee communities in the region. Contributors analyze combined methodologies integrating new approaches to community interpreting with traditional conference interpreter training. Different chapters also look at novel perspectives on motivational aspects of interpreter training to examine the ways universities in the region are responding to a new generation of interpreter trainees. Offering an up-to-date synthesis of the latest approaches in interpreter training in Central Europe and takeaways for the discipline more broadly, this book will be of interest to students and scholars in interpreting studies, as well as active interpreter trainers and program coordinators. Chapter 9 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781003087977.

Author: Jihong Wang
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000374262
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 278

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Book Description
This book examines conference-level simultaneous interpreting from a signed language into a spoken language, drawing on Auslan (Australian Sign Language)-to-English simultaneous interpretation data to explore the skills, knowledge, strategies, and cognitive abilities needed for effective interpretations in this language direction. As simultaneous interpreting from a spoken language into a signed language is the widely accepted norm within the field of signed language interpreting, to date little has been written on simultaneous interpreting in the other language direction. In an attempt to bridge this gap, Wang conducts microanalysis of an experimental corpus of Auslan-to-English simultaneous interpretations in a mock conference setting to investigate different dimensions of quality assessment, interpreting strategies, cognitive load, and the interpreting process itself. The focus on conference-level simultaneous interpreting not only allows for insights into the impact of signed language variation on the signed-to-spoken language simultaneous interpreting process but also sheds light on the unique demands of conference settings such as the requirement of using a formal register. Acting as a bridge between spoken language interpreting studies and signed language interpreting studies and highlighting implications for future research on simultaneous interpreting of other language combinations (spoken and signed), this book will be of interest to scholars in translation and interpreting studies as well as active practitioners in these fields.

Author: Franz Pöchhacker
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN: 9027269548
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 191

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Book Description
First published as a Special Issue of Interpreting (issue 10:1, 2011) and complemented with two articles published in Interpreting issue 16:1, 2014, this volume provides a comprehensive view of the challenge of identifying and measuring aptitude for interpreting. Following a broad review of the existing literature, the array of eight empirical papers captures the multiple dimensions of aptitude, from personality traits and soft skills such as motivation, anxiety and learning styles to aspects of cognitive performance. The populations studied, with experimental as well as survey research designs, include students and professionals of sign language interpreting as well as spoken-language interpreting, and valuable synergies emerge. While pointing to the need for much further work, the papers brought together in this volume clearly represent the cutting edge of research into aptitude for interpreting, and should prove a milestone on the way toward supplying educators with reliable methods for testing applicants to interpreter training programs.