Regulation of Vibrio Cholerae Virulence Genes During Infection of a Murine Animal Model PDF Download

Author: Sang Ho S. Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 380

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Author: Elizabeth Alexandra Shakhnovich
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 165

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The etiological agent of cholera is the environmental bacterium Vibrio cholerae. While over 200 serogroups of the pathogen are known, most cause only sporadic disease and are typically found in the marine environment as free living bacteria. The majority of epidemic disease is caused by V. cholerae of two serogroups, O1 and O139, which are solely responsible for the last eight pandemics of cholera. Upon entering the host, the bacterium elaborates two major virulence factors, Cholera Toxin (CT) and the Toxin Co-regulated Pilus (TCP). A small molecule which inhibits V. cholerae virulence gene expression in vitro was identified in a chemical genetics screen of 50,000 compounds and called virstatin. We demonstrated that virstatin specifically inhibits TCP-dependent, but not TCP-independent colonization of the infant mouse small intestine. Administration of virstatin to mice with an established infection reduced colonization by several logs. Virstatin was shown to target the activity of the transcriptional activator, ToxT. Using virstatin as a tool, we demonstrated that it inhibits the dimerization of ToxT and that this dimerization is crucial to the activity of the activator at the CT and TCP promoters.

Author: Rita R. Colwell
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 656

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Author: Kaye Wachsmuth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cholera
Languages : en
Pages : 488

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Presents the latest molecular studies of virulence, colonization, gene regulation, and the O1 antigen. Gives an in-depth and analytical approach to the epidemiology of cholera that includes outbreak investigations, case-control studies, and surveillance functions. Describes the molecular approach to epidemiologic problems and questions. Tracks the global spread of cholera by genetically defining individual strains. Addresses possible intervention and prevention strategies, including the latest vaccines, and their public health relevance.

Author: Howard Goldfine
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 038749376X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292

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During the past twenty years Listeria monocytogenes has emerged as one of the most intensely studied bacterial pathogens. New windows are constantly being opened into the complexity of host cell biology and the interplay of the signals connecting the various cells and organs involved in the host response. This volume includes research from studies at the molecular level on the pathogenesis of Listeria monocytogenes and the response of the host to its infections.

Author: Michael L. Vasil
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Press
ISBN: 1555816762
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1189

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Book Description
A comprehensive compendium of scholarly contributions relating to bacterial virulence gene regulation. • Provides insights into global control and the switch between distinct infectious states (e.g., acute vs. chronic). • Considers key issues about the mechanisms of gene regulation relating to: surface factors, exported toxins and export mechanisms. • Reflects on how the regulation of intracellular lifestyles and the response to stress can ultimately have an impact on the outcome of an infection. • Highlights and examines some emerging regulatory mechanisms of special significance. • Serves as an ideal compendium of valuable topics for students, researchers and faculty with interests in how the mechanisms of gene regulation ultimately affect the outcome of an array of bacterial infectious diseases.

Author: Yi-Wei Tang
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123977630
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2214

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The molecular age has brought about dramatic changes in medical microbiology, and great leaps in our understanding of the mechanisms of infectious disease. Molecular Medical Microbiology is the first book to synthesise the many new developments in both molecular and clinical research in a single comprehensive resource. This timely and authoritative three-volume work is an invaluable reference source of medical bacteriology. Comprising more than 100 chapters, organized into 17 major sections, the scope of this impressive work is wide-ranging. Written by experts in the field, chapters include cutting-edge information, and clinical overviews for each major bacterial group, in addition to the latest updates on vaccine development, molecular technology and diagnostic technology. Topics covered include bacterial structure, cell function, and genetics; mechanisms of pathogenesis and prevention; antibacterial agents; and infections ranging from gastrointestinal to urinary tract, centrtal nervous system, respiratory tract, and more. - The first comprehensive and accessible reference on molecular medical microbiology - Full color presentation througout - In-depth discussion of individual pathogenic bacteria in a system-oriented approach - Includes a clinical overview for each major bacterial group - Presents the latest information on vaccine development, molecular technology, and diagnostic technology - More than 100 chapters covering all major groups of bacteria - Written by an international panel of authors who are experts in their respective disciplines

Author: P. Gopalakrishnakone
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789400758681
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Biological toxins are an important part of our world, a reality with which we need to cope, so in parallel with understanding their mechanisms of action and thereby improving our fundamental knowledge, there are successful efforts to utilize them as therapeutics against some debilitating human and animal diseases. In view of the complexity of different types of biotoxins and the broad range of toxin structure, physiology, utility, and countermeasures including regulatory issues, it was thus aimed to compile a book on biotoxins and bioweapons. This reference work in the Toxinology handbook series gathers together knowledge from around the globe about naturally inspired and manufactured biological weapons. The authors describe how they work; how authorities may detect their presence, prevent their use, and diagnose their impacts; and the means by which medical and paramedical professionals may treat victims. Also described are how they have been used to further our knowledge and what insights they have given us into evolutionary and physiological processes. Finally, it is also discussed how these toxins can be used as therapeutics and what the implications of such therapeutics are to their use as biothreat agents. This volume provides a reference accessible to scientists, educators, and medical experts alike with an interest in biotoxins, focusing on the major toxins used as bioweapons. Regulatory agencies will also benefit from the information provided in this book. Some in the intended audience may need to understand how they elicit their effects and how we can defend ourselves against them. Others may be interested in the sometimes colorful histories that surround this subset of biotoxins that can be and, in some cases, have been used as weapons.

Author: United States. Food and Drug Administration. Division of Microbiology
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Microbiology
Languages : en
Pages : 180

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Author: Katarzyna Potrykus
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288966953X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 212

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