Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Shore protection
Languages : en
Pages : 64
Book Description
Regional Beach Sand Retention Strategy: Appendices
Author: Regional Beach Sand Retention Strategy: Final report
Author: Encinitas and Solana Beach Shoreline Protection Project
Author: Reducing Coastal Risk on the East and Gulf Coasts
Author: Committee on U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Water Resources Science, Engineering, and Planning: Coastal Risk ReductionPublisher:
ISBN: 9780309305860
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Hurricane- and coastal-storm-related losses have increased substantially during the past century, largely due to increases in population and development in the most susceptible coastal areas. Climate change poses additional threats to coastal communities from sea level rise and possible increases in strength of the largest hurricanes. Several large cities in the United States have extensive assets at risk to coastal storms, along with countless smaller cities and developed areas. The devastation from Superstorm Sandy has heightened the nation's awareness of these vulnerabilities. What can we do to better prepare for and respond to the increasing risks of loss? Reducing Coastal Risk on the East and Gulf Coasts reviews the coastal risk-reduction strategies and levels of protection that have been used along the United States East and Gulf Coasts to reduce the impacts of coastal flooding associated with storm surges. This report evaluates their effectiveness in terms of economic return, protection of life safety, and minimization of environmental effects. According to this report, the vast majority of the funding for coastal risk-related issues is provided only after a disaster occurs. This report calls for the development of a national vision for coastal risk management that includes a long-term view, regional solutions, and recognition of the full array of economic, social, environmental, and life-safety benefits that come from risk reduction efforts. To support this vision, Reducing Coastal Risk states that a national coastal risk assessment is needed to identify those areas with the greatest risks that are high priorities for risk reduction efforts. The report discusses the implications of expanding the extent and levels of coastal storm surge protection in terms of operation and maintenance costs and the availability of resources. Reducing Coastal Risk recommends that benefit-cost analysis, constrained by acceptable risk criteria and other important environmental and social factors, be used as a framework for evaluating national investments in coastal risk reduction. The recommendations of this report will assist engineers, planners and policy makers at national, regional, state, and local levels to move from a nation that is primarily reactive to coastal disasters to one that invests wisely in coastal risk reduction and builds resilience among coastal communities.
Mitigating Shore Erosion Along Sheltered Coasts
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309103460
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 189
Book Description
Like ocean beaches, sheltered coastal areas experience land loss from erosion and sea level rise. In response, property owners often install hard structures such as bulkheads as a way to prevent further erosion, but these structures cause changes in the coastal environment that alter landscapes, reduce public access and recreational opportunities, diminish natural habitats, and harm species that depend on these habitats for shelter and food. Mitigating Shore Erosion Along Sheltered Coasts recommends coastal planning efforts and permitting policies to encourage landowners to use erosion control alternatives that help retain the natural features of coastal shorelines.
Sea-Level Rise for the Coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309255945
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 274
Book Description
Tide gauges show that global sea level has risen about 7 inches during the 20th century, and recent satellite data show that the rate of sea-level rise is accelerating. As Earth warms, sea levels are rising mainly because ocean water expands as it warms; and water from melting glaciers and ice sheets is flowing into the ocean. Sea-level rise poses enormous risks to the valuable infrastructure, development, and wetlands that line much of the 1,600 mile shoreline of California, Oregon, and Washington. As those states seek to incorporate projections of sea-level rise into coastal planning, they asked the National Research Council to make independent projections of sea-level rise along their coasts for the years 2030, 2050, and 2100, taking into account regional factors that affect sea level. Sea-Level Rise for the Coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington: Past, Present, and Future explains that sea level along the U.S. west coast is affected by a number of factors. These include: climate patterns such as the El Niño, effects from the melting of modern and ancient ice sheets, and geologic processes, such as plate tectonics. Regional projections for California, Oregon, and Washington show a sharp distinction at Cape Mendocino in northern California. South of that point, sea-level rise is expected to be very close to global projections. However, projections are lower north of Cape Mendocino because the land is being pushed upward as the ocean plate moves under the continental plate along the Cascadia Subduction Zone. However, an earthquake magnitude 8 or larger, which occurs in the region every few hundred to 1,000 years, would cause the land to drop and sea level to suddenly rise.
Final Report to Congress
Author: United States. Army. Corps of EngineersPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Erosion
Languages : en
Pages : 1438
Book Description
Final Report to Congress
Author: The CERCular
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydraulic engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 150
Book Description
International Organizations and the Law of the Sea
Author: Netherlands Institute for the Law of the SeaPublisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
ISBN: 9780792316008
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 764
Book Description
Already in its sixth year of existence, this "Documentary Yearbook" provides you with the only independent collection of documents related to ocean affairs and the law of the sea, issued each year by international organizations. The "Yearbook" is arranged systematically and thereby gives the community of scholars and practitioners in ocean affairs and the law of the sea much improved access to essential documentation. Like the previous volumes, the 1990 volume focuses on the United Nations family of international organizations and on several non-UN intergovernmental organizations of developing states. The most important documents which were issued in the course of 1990 are reproduced (in whole or in part), while other relevant documents are listed. An extensive index of Keywords facilitates access by the reader to the complex and often interrelated matters dealt with by various organizations as well as to the information concerning individual states, regions and international instruments.