Author: János Miklós Beér
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 54
Book Description
Results of an experimental-computational investigation to establish the design principles of a low-NOx burner of novel design are reported. The burner is designed to achieve staged combustion by a combination of radial density gradients and rotating flow in the flame. Fuel/air mixing is suppressed by radial density stratification close to the burner but is promoted by a toroidal recirculating flow further downstream of the burner. This design is referred to as the "Radially Stratified Flame Core" (RSFC) Burner. All experimental results described in this report are obtained with the RSFC Burner. Parametric and detailed experimental studies carried out with natural gas and fuel oil flames in the pilot scale flame tunnel of the MIT Combustion Research Facility (CRF) served for the optimization of the burner for low-NOx and CO emissions. The results showed that for several operational modes of the burner input variables, highly stable flames with low-NOx and CO emission levels were attainable. The primary operating variables were found to be the radial distributions of the air flow and the swirl velocity at the exit from the burner, and the central fuel injection velocity and angle. Minimum values of NOx and CO emissions obtained in the first phase of our investigation were: 70 ppm NOx (at 3% 0) and 56 ppm CO for natural gas, 54 ppm NOX and 23 ppm CO for No. 2 fuel oil and 97 ppm NOx and 32 ppm CO for No. 6 fuel oil. These results were obtained without staging of combustion air and without flue gas recirculation. In a further stage of the investigation, flue gas was recirculated through the natural gas flame and small amount of steam (12 wt. % of the fuel mass flow rate) was injected into the fuel, resulting in significant additional reduction of NOx to the level of 15 ppm. In heavy fuel oil flames, NOX emissions of less than 60 ppm were reached with small amounts of overfire air (10%). The time frame of the experiments described in this report is from August 1989 through December 1991. In the summer of 1991 ABB-Combustion Engineering announced plans to develop the RSFC concept towards a commercialized burner for utility use. The primary thrust of the planned development was for a gas-fired burner, but it was recognized that successful commercialization would call for a dual-fuel capability, i.e., the burner should yield low NO, emissions when burning either natural gas or No. 6 fuel oil. Thus, while some further work is required to establish optimum operating conditions for the RSFC Burner with natural gas, the primary focus of future investigation at MIT will be on improvement of the burner's fuel oil firing performance. This will involve both modeling and experimental studies
Reduction of Nitrogen Oxide Emissions by Combustion Process Modification in Oil and Gas Flames
Author: János Miklós Beér
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 54
Book Description
Results of an experimental-computational investigation to establish the design principles of a low-NOx burner of novel design are reported. The burner is designed to achieve staged combustion by a combination of radial density gradients and rotating flow in the flame. Fuel/air mixing is suppressed by radial density stratification close to the burner but is promoted by a toroidal recirculating flow further downstream of the burner. This design is referred to as the "Radially Stratified Flame Core" (RSFC) Burner. All experimental results described in this report are obtained with the RSFC Burner. Parametric and detailed experimental studies carried out with natural gas and fuel oil flames in the pilot scale flame tunnel of the MIT Combustion Research Facility (CRF) served for the optimization of the burner for low-NOx and CO emissions. The results showed that for several operational modes of the burner input variables, highly stable flames with low-NOx and CO emission levels were attainable. The primary operating variables were found to be the radial distributions of the air flow and the swirl velocity at the exit from the burner, and the central fuel injection velocity and angle. Minimum values of NOx and CO emissions obtained in the first phase of our investigation were: 70 ppm NOx (at 3% 0) and 56 ppm CO for natural gas, 54 ppm NOX and 23 ppm CO for No. 2 fuel oil and 97 ppm NOx and 32 ppm CO for No. 6 fuel oil. These results were obtained without staging of combustion air and without flue gas recirculation. In a further stage of the investigation, flue gas was recirculated through the natural gas flame and small amount of steam (12 wt. % of the fuel mass flow rate) was injected into the fuel, resulting in significant additional reduction of NOx to the level of 15 ppm. In heavy fuel oil flames, NOX emissions of less than 60 ppm were reached with small amounts of overfire air (10%). The time frame of the experiments described in this report is from August 1989 through December 1991. In the summer of 1991 ABB-Combustion Engineering announced plans to develop the RSFC concept towards a commercialized burner for utility use. The primary thrust of the planned development was for a gas-fired burner, but it was recognized that successful commercialization would call for a dual-fuel capability, i.e., the burner should yield low NO, emissions when burning either natural gas or No. 6 fuel oil. Thus, while some further work is required to establish optimum operating conditions for the RSFC Burner with natural gas, the primary focus of future investigation at MIT will be on improvement of the burner's fuel oil firing performance. This will involve both modeling and experimental studies
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 54
Book Description
Results of an experimental-computational investigation to establish the design principles of a low-NOx burner of novel design are reported. The burner is designed to achieve staged combustion by a combination of radial density gradients and rotating flow in the flame. Fuel/air mixing is suppressed by radial density stratification close to the burner but is promoted by a toroidal recirculating flow further downstream of the burner. This design is referred to as the "Radially Stratified Flame Core" (RSFC) Burner. All experimental results described in this report are obtained with the RSFC Burner. Parametric and detailed experimental studies carried out with natural gas and fuel oil flames in the pilot scale flame tunnel of the MIT Combustion Research Facility (CRF) served for the optimization of the burner for low-NOx and CO emissions. The results showed that for several operational modes of the burner input variables, highly stable flames with low-NOx and CO emission levels were attainable. The primary operating variables were found to be the radial distributions of the air flow and the swirl velocity at the exit from the burner, and the central fuel injection velocity and angle. Minimum values of NOx and CO emissions obtained in the first phase of our investigation were: 70 ppm NOx (at 3% 0) and 56 ppm CO for natural gas, 54 ppm NOX and 23 ppm CO for No. 2 fuel oil and 97 ppm NOx and 32 ppm CO for No. 6 fuel oil. These results were obtained without staging of combustion air and without flue gas recirculation. In a further stage of the investigation, flue gas was recirculated through the natural gas flame and small amount of steam (12 wt. % of the fuel mass flow rate) was injected into the fuel, resulting in significant additional reduction of NOx to the level of 15 ppm. In heavy fuel oil flames, NOX emissions of less than 60 ppm were reached with small amounts of overfire air (10%). The time frame of the experiments described in this report is from August 1989 through December 1991. In the summer of 1991 ABB-Combustion Engineering announced plans to develop the RSFC concept towards a commercialized burner for utility use. The primary thrust of the planned development was for a gas-fired burner, but it was recognized that successful commercialization would call for a dual-fuel capability, i.e., the burner should yield low NO, emissions when burning either natural gas or No. 6 fuel oil. Thus, while some further work is required to establish optimum operating conditions for the RSFC Burner with natural gas, the primary focus of future investigation at MIT will be on improvement of the burner's fuel oil firing performance. This will involve both modeling and experimental studies
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) why and how they are controlled
Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428902805
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 57
Book Description
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428902805
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 57
Book Description
Controlling Nitrogen Oxides
Author: Alice Hastings
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Combustion gases
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Combustion gases
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Book Description
Emissions Reduction
Author: A. Tomita
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780080440897
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 340
Book Description
Over the past decade the topic of emissions reduction and control has remained an important area of research due to the enforcement of various Government policies in an attempt to minimize the impact on the environment. One area in which a great deal of research has been conducted to address this policy is NOx/SOx suppression. However, despite the progress that has been made over this time period, further research into the most effective method of reducing NOx/SOx emissions is still urgently required. In developed countries, a more stringent requirement in the level of emissions (such as is NOx/SOx component of less than 10ppm) will be enforced in the near future. Developing countries will also need a new technology that is effective and that is suited to each countries needs. Additional research and development efforts are thus necessary to meet such requirements. This compendium contains a collection of key papers themed around NOx/SOx emissions from combustion of hydrocarbon resources and the attempts to secure an efficient and effective method for reducing these emissions. These key papers are taken from the journals Fuel, Fuel Processing Technology and Progress in Energy and Combustion Science.
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780080440897
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 340
Book Description
Over the past decade the topic of emissions reduction and control has remained an important area of research due to the enforcement of various Government policies in an attempt to minimize the impact on the environment. One area in which a great deal of research has been conducted to address this policy is NOx/SOx suppression. However, despite the progress that has been made over this time period, further research into the most effective method of reducing NOx/SOx emissions is still urgently required. In developed countries, a more stringent requirement in the level of emissions (such as is NOx/SOx component of less than 10ppm) will be enforced in the near future. Developing countries will also need a new technology that is effective and that is suited to each countries needs. Additional research and development efforts are thus necessary to meet such requirements. This compendium contains a collection of key papers themed around NOx/SOx emissions from combustion of hydrocarbon resources and the attempts to secure an efficient and effective method for reducing these emissions. These key papers are taken from the journals Fuel, Fuel Processing Technology and Progress in Energy and Combustion Science.
Control Technology for Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from Stationary Sources
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Publisher: Paris, France : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Developpement [sic] ; [Washington, D.C. : Sold by OECD Publications and Information Center]
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Book Description
Publisher: Paris, France : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Developpement [sic] ; [Washington, D.C. : Sold by OECD Publications and Information Center]
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Book Description
Control Techniques for Nitrogen Oxides Emissions from Stationary Sources
Control Techniques for Nitrogen Oxides from Stationary Sources
Author: United States. National Air Pollution Control Administration
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Combustion gases
Languages : en
Pages : 124
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Combustion gases
Languages : en
Pages : 124
Book Description
The Reduction of NOx-emissions from Oil and Gas Fired Industrial Furnaces by Burner Modifications
Field Testing, Application of Combustion Modifications to Control Pollutant Emissions from Industrial Boilers
Analytical Techniques in the Oil and Gas Industry for Environmental Monitoring
Author: Melissa N. Dunkle
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119523303
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 464
Book Description
A thorough introduction to environmental monitoring in the oil and gas industry Analytical Techniques in the Oil and Gas Industry for Environmental Monitoring examines the analytical side of the oil and gas industry as it also provides an overall introduction to the industry. You’ll discover how oil and natural gas are sourced, refined, and processed. You can learn about what’s produced from oil and natural gas, and why evaluating these sourced resources is important. The book discusses the conventional analyses for oil and natural gas feeds, along with their limitations. It offers detailed descriptions of advanced analytical techniques that are commercially available, plus explanations of gas and oil industry equipment and instrumentation. You’ll find technique descriptions supplemented with a list of references as well as with real-life application examples. With this book as a reference, you can prepare to apply specific analytical methods in your organization’s lab environment. Analytical Techniques can also serve as your comprehensive resource on key techniques in the characterization of oil and gas samples, within both refinery and environmental contexts. Understand of the scope of oil and gas industry techniques available Consider the benefits and limitations of each available process Prepare for applying analytical techniques in your lab See real examples and a list of references for each technique Read descriptions of off-line analytics, as well as on-line and process applications As a chemist, engineer, instructor, or student, this book will also expand your awareness of the role these techniques have in environmental monitoring and environmental impact assessments.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119523303
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 464
Book Description
A thorough introduction to environmental monitoring in the oil and gas industry Analytical Techniques in the Oil and Gas Industry for Environmental Monitoring examines the analytical side of the oil and gas industry as it also provides an overall introduction to the industry. You’ll discover how oil and natural gas are sourced, refined, and processed. You can learn about what’s produced from oil and natural gas, and why evaluating these sourced resources is important. The book discusses the conventional analyses for oil and natural gas feeds, along with their limitations. It offers detailed descriptions of advanced analytical techniques that are commercially available, plus explanations of gas and oil industry equipment and instrumentation. You’ll find technique descriptions supplemented with a list of references as well as with real-life application examples. With this book as a reference, you can prepare to apply specific analytical methods in your organization’s lab environment. Analytical Techniques can also serve as your comprehensive resource on key techniques in the characterization of oil and gas samples, within both refinery and environmental contexts. Understand of the scope of oil and gas industry techniques available Consider the benefits and limitations of each available process Prepare for applying analytical techniques in your lab See real examples and a list of references for each technique Read descriptions of off-line analytics, as well as on-line and process applications As a chemist, engineer, instructor, or student, this book will also expand your awareness of the role these techniques have in environmental monitoring and environmental impact assessments.