Author: United States. General Accounting OfficePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dental caries
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Book Description
Reducing Tooth Decay, More Emphasis on Fluoridation Needed
Author: United States. General Accounting OfficePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dental caries
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Book Description
Reducing Tooth Decay--More Emphasis on Fluoridation Needed
Author: United States Accounting Office (GAO)Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781721899630
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 66
Book Description
Reducing Tooth Decay--More Emphasis on Fluoridation Needed
Reducing Tooth Decay, More Emphasis on Fluoridation Needed
Author: United States. General Accounting OfficePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dental caries
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Book Description
Health Care
Author: U S Government Accountability Office (GPublisher: BiblioGov
ISBN: 9781289002640
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 70
Book Description
A Federal research program on tooth decay prevention was started in 1971, but public officials cannot predict when the program will achieve a decrease in tooth decay. Tooth decay affects nearly every person in the United States and is a tremendous financial burden to the public and to the State and Federal Governments. Questionable research expenditures have been made to develop prevention techniques that do not have widespread applicability and to demonstrate methods that were already successfully marketed, such as the $2 million spent to demonstrate school-based mouth rinsing. When these demonstrations were begun, this technique was already known to be effective and had been commercially marketed in 40 States. Relatively little is being done to promote fluoridation, a proven decay prevention technique. Greater emphasis is needed to promote this cost-effective technique for reducing tooth decay. The Safe Drinking Water Act has been misinterpreted in some communities as prohibiting fluoridation. Environmental Protection Agency regulations implementing the act are misleading in that fluoridation's dental health benefits are not prominently stated. The agency has agreed to amend the regulations.
Reducing Tooth Decay
Author: United States. General Accounting OfficePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dental caries
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Book Description
Fluoridation Facts
Author: American Dental AssociationPublisher: American Dental Association
ISBN: 1684470064
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 233
Book Description
All-in-one resource in for everything related to fluoridated water, from its impact on dental health to its safety and cost-effectiveness. Dispelling common myths that fluoridation is dangerous, this book provides science-backed information based on the most current research in Q&A format. This is the most in-depth and up-to-date educational resource available regarding fluoridated water, from the American Dental Association.
The Effectiveness of Water Fluoridation
Author: National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia)Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dental caries
Languages : en
Pages : 218
Book Description
Fluoride in Drinking Water
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030910128X
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 531
Book Description
Most people associate fluoride with the practice of intentionally adding fluoride to public drinking water supplies for the prevention of tooth decay. However, fluoride can also enter public water systems from natural sources, including runoff from the weathering of fluoride-containing rocks and soils and leaching from soil into groundwater. Fluoride pollution from various industrial emissions can also contaminate water supplies. In a few areas of the United States fluoride concentrations in water are much higher than normal, mostly from natural sources. Fluoride is one of the drinking water contaminants regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because it can occur at these toxic levels. In 1986, the EPA established a maximum allowable concentration for fluoride in drinking water of 4 milligrams per liter, a guideline designed to prevent the public from being exposed to harmful levels of fluoride. Fluoride in Drinking Water reviews research on various health effects from exposure to fluoride, including studies conducted in the last 10 years.
Prevalence and Severity of Dental Fluorosis in the United States, 1999-2004
Author: Eugenio D. Beltrán-AguilarPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fluorides
Languages : en
Pages : 8
Book Description
"Dental fluorosis refers to changes in the appearance of tooth enamel that are caused by long-term ingestion of fluoride during the time teeth are forming. Studies conducted in the 1930s showed that the severity of tooth decay was lower and dental fluorosis was higher in areas with more fluoride in the drinking water. In response to these findings, community water fluoridation programs were developed to add fluoride to drinking water to reach an optimal level for preventing tooth decay, while limiting the chance of developing dental fluorosis. By the 1980s, studies in selected U.S. communities reported an increase in dental fluorosis, paralleling the expansion of water fluoridation and the increased availability of other sources of ingested fluoride, such as fluoride toothpaste (if swallowed) and fluoride supplements. This report describes the prevalence of dental fluorosis in the United States and changes in the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis among adolescents between 1986-1987 and 1999-2004. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004 and the 1986-1987 National Survey of Oral Health in U.S. School Children." - p. 1.
The Case against Fluoride
Author: Paul ConnettPublisher: Chelsea Green Publishing
ISBN: 1603583130
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 392
Book Description
When the U.S. Public Health Service endorsed water fluoridation in 1950, there was little evidence of its safety. Now, six decades later and after most countries have rejected the practice, more than 70 percent of Americans, as well as 200 million people worldwide, are drinking fluoridated water. The Center for Disease Control and the American Dental Association continue to promote it--and even mandatory statewide water fluoridation--despite increasing evidence that it is not only unnecessary, but potentially hazardous to human health. In this timely and important book, Dr. Paul Connett, Dr. James Beck, and Dr. H. Spedding Micklem take a new look at the science behind water fluoridation and argue that just because the dental and medical establishments endorse a public health measure doesn't mean it's safe. In the case of water fluoridation, the chemicals that go into the drinking water that more than 180 million people drink each day are not even pharmaceutical grade, but rather a hazardous waste product of the phosphate fertilizer industry. It is illegal to dump this waste into the sea or local surface water, and yet it is allowed in our drinking water. To make matters worse, this program receives no oversight from the Food and Drug Administration, and the Environmental Protection Agency takes no responsibility for the practice. And from an ethical standpoint, say the authors, water fluoridation is a bad medical practice: individuals are being forced to take medication without their informed consent, there is no control over the dose, and no monitoring of possible side effects. At once painstakingly documented and also highly readable, The Case Against Fluoride brings new research to light, including links between fluoride and harm to the brain, bones, and endocrine system, and argues that the evidence that fluoridation reduces tooth decay is surprisingly weak.