Reciprocal Pronouns, Plural Reflexives, and Respectively Constructions PDF Download
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Author: Vladimir P. Nedjalkov Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9027291713 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 2249
Book Description
This monograph constitutes the first comprehensive investigation of reciprocal constructions and related phenomena in the world’s languages. Reciprocal constructions (of the type The two boys hit each other, The poets admire each other’s poems) have often been the subject of language-particular studies, but it is only in this work that a truly global comparative picture emerges. Nine stage-setting chapters dealing with general and theoretical matters are followed by 40 chapters containing in-depth descriptions of reciprocals in individual languages by renowned specialists. The introductory papers provide a conceptual and terminological framework that allows the authors of the individual chapters to characterize their languages in comparable terms, making it easy for the reader to see points of commonality between languages and constructions that have never been compared before. This set of volumes is an indispensable starting point and will be a lasting reference work for any future studies of reciprocals.
Author: Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt ISBN: 054418548X Category : Languages : en Pages : 370
Author: Diana Forker Publisher: Language Science Press ISBN: 3961101965 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 628
Book Description
Sanzhi Dargwa belongs to the Dargwa (Dargi) languages (ISO dar; Glottocode sanz1248) which form a subgroup of the East Caucasian (Nakh-Dagestanian) language family. Sanzhi Dargwa is spoken by approximately 250 speakers and is severely endangered. This book is the first comprehensive descriptive grammar of Sanzhi, written from a typological perspective. It treats all major levels of grammar (phonology, morphology, syntax) and also information structure. Sanzhi Dargwa is structurally similar to other East Caucasian languages, in particular Dargwa languages. It has a relatively large consonant inventory including pharyngeal and ejective consonants. Sanzhi morphology is concatenative and mainly suffixing. The language exhibits a mixture of dependent-marking in the form of a rich case inventory and head-marking in the form of verbal agreement. Nouns are divided into three genders. Verbal inflection conflates tense/aspect/mood/evidentiality in a rich array of synthetic and analytic verb forms as well as participles, converbs, a masdar (verbal noun), and infinitive and some other forms used in analytic tenses and subordinate clauses. Salient traits of the grammar are two independently operating agreement systems: gender/number agreement and person agreement. Within the nominal domain, modifiers agree with the head nominal in gender/number. Agreement within the clausal domain is mainly controlled by the argument in the absolutive case. Person agreement operates only at the clausal level and according to the person hierarchy 1, 2 > 3. Sanzhi has ergative alignment in the form of gender/number agreement and ergative case marking. The most frequent word order at the clause level is SOV, though all other logically possible word orders are also attested. In subordinate clauses, word order is almost exclusively head-final.
Author: Narayan Changder Publisher: CHANGDER OUTLINE ISBN: Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 29
Book Description
Unlock the secrets of language proficiency with our meticulously crafted MCQ book, "Mastering Reciprocal Pronouns." Dive into a comprehensive collection of multiple-choice questions designed to enhance your understanding and usage of reciprocal pronouns. This essential resource is tailored for learners seeking a thorough grasp of grammar concepts. Perfect for students, educators, and language enthusiasts, this book promises a dynamic learning experience. Elevate your language skills, tackle complexities effortlessly, and gain confidence in using reciprocal pronouns accurately. Dive into a world of interactive learning ? your key to mastering language intricacies awaits!
Author: Sarah McCarty Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3640772601 Category : Foreign Language Study Languages : en Pages : 20
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Pedagogy, Literature Studies, grade: 1,0, University of Frankfurt (Main) (Institut für England- und Amerikastudien), course: Theory of Anaphora in Context , language: English, abstract: In this term paper I will investigate whether the implementation of reflexive pronouns through seventh grade English-schoolbooks is sufficient to let students understand and eventually use this phenomenon correctly. In the first part of this paper, I will begin with introducing the phenomenon. Here, I will give a short overview of how reflexive pronouns developed. Furthermore, I will present two different acknowledged theories (Chomsky and Reinhart & Reuland) and their conditions on reflexive pronouns. I will then show the two different usages of this phenomenon and will give examples of cases which are somewhat different from the common way of using it. In the second part, I will present the explanations and rules as they are given in the three most commonly used schoolbooks here in Hesse to show how reflexive pronouns are implemented. In part three, I will investigate in how far these rules are sufficient to explain the examples given in those schoolbooks respectively. I will furthermore analyze examples given in Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” and Oscar Wilde’s “The Canterville Ghost”, which are suggested for the use in seventh grade. Here, I will rather put my focus on somewhat more complex examples in order to find out whether those short rules apply for them as well. I will then conclude, whether my assumption that the explanations in these schoolbooks are not sufficient can be verified.
Author: Roger D Woodard Publisher: BRILL ISBN: 9004674500 Category : Foreign Language Study Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
In classical Attic Greek of the fifth century B.C., there are found six distinct forms of the reflexive pronoun: one form for each of the three persons of the singular and of the plural. This morphologically elaborate system is eventually replaced, however, by one in which there is only a single reflexive pronominal stem (-auto- or its variant èuto-). In On Interpreting Morphological Change, Woodard traces the course of this linguistic development through a period of approxi-mately six cen-turies. An analysis of this pr-cess of morpho-logical replacement reveals that the change is motivated by morphological redundancy and is sensitive to a hierarchy of grammatical relations.
Author: Jeffrey S. Kaplan Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470197749 Category : Study Aids Languages : en Pages : 370
Book Description
Your guide to a higher score on the FTCE: General Knowledge Test Why CliffsTestPrep Guides? Go with the name you know and trust Get the information you need--fast! Written by test prep specialists About the contents: Introduction * An overview of the exam * Notes on how to use this book * Answers to your questions about the test Part I: Diagnostic Test Part II: Subject Reviews * Reviews of exam subjects, including English language skills, reading, and math * Sample questions and answers * Guidelines for writing the essay Part III: Two Full-Length Practice Examinations with Answers and Explanations Test Prep Essentials from the Experts at CliffsNotes?