Recent Experiences of Scrap and Waste Assay Using Neutron Coincidence Counting of Materials from F B-Line at the Savannah River Site PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 8
Book Description
The heterogeneous nature of scrap and waste poses unique problems for quantitative measurement. This is particularly true when the sample to be measured can have significant amounts of plutonium in addition to a variety of matrix components. One approach to addressing these difficulties is to combine gamma-ray and neutron counting techniques. A system combining a segmented gamma-ray scanner and neutron coincidence counter has recently been developed for the non-destructive assay of plutonium-bearing scrap and waste. Experience gained with the neutron coincidence counter portion of the system is described. Results obtained from the measurement of scrap and waste materials containing a few grams to a few hundred grams of plutonium are given. The effects of different matrices are evaluated and the role of special diagnostics is explored. 5 refs., 13 figs., 3 tabs.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 8
Book Description
The heterogeneous nature of scrap and waste poses unique problems for quantitative measurement. This is particularly true when the sample to be measured can have significant amounts of plutonium in addition to a variety of matrix components. One approach to addressing these difficulties is to combine gamma-ray and neutron counting techniques. A system combining a segmented gamma-ray scanner and neutron coincidence counter has recently been developed for the non-destructive assay of plutonium-bearing scrap and waste. Experience gained with the neutron coincidence counter portion of the system is described. Results obtained from the measurement of scrap and waste materials containing a few grams to a few hundred grams of plutonium are given. The effects of different matrices are evaluated and the role of special diagnostics is explored. 5 refs., 13 figs., 3 tabs.
Author: Michael F. L'Annunziata Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0123848741 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1419
Book Description
The updated and much expanded 3e of the Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis is an authoritative reference providing the principles, practical techniques, and procedures for the accurate measurement of radioactivity from the very low levels encountered in the environment to higher levels measured in radioisotope research, clinical laboratories, biological sciences, radionuclide standardization, nuclear medicine, nuclear power, and fuel cycle facilities and in the implementation of nuclear forensic analysis and nuclear safeguards. The book describes the basic principles of radiation detection and measurement and the preparation of samples from a wide variety of matrices, assists the investigator or technician in the selection and use of appropriate radiation detectors, and presents state-of-the-art methods of analysis. Fundamentals of radiation properties, radionuclide decay, the calculations involved, and methods of detection provide the basis for a thorough understanding of the analytical procedures. The Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis, 3e, is suitable as a teaching text for university and professional training courses. - The only comprehensive reference that describes the principles of detection and practical applications of every type of radioactivity detector currently used. The new 3e is broader in scope, with revised and expanded chapters, new authors, and seven new chapters on Alpha Spectrometry, Radionuclide Standardization, Radioactive Aerosol Measurements, Environmental Radioactivity Monitoring, Marine Radioactivity Analysis, Nuclear Forensic Analysis and Analytical Techniques in Nuclear Safeguards - Discusses in detail the principles, theory and practice applied to all types of radiation detection and measurement, making it useful for both teaching and research
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 5
Book Description
At HB-Line of the Savannah River Site, 4.3 kg of U-235 have been repackaged from FB-Line Desicooler material into a cement matrix in individual one-gallon paint cans for disposition as solid waste. The 4.3 kg of U-235 material were packaged into 172 paint cans with U-235 contents ranging from 8.9 g up to 32 g. Prior to transfer to the Solid Waste Facilities, verification measurements of selected cans were performed to assure valid control of the solid waste. The HB-Line-DOE Sampling Plan designated confirmatory assays, and a total of 67 paint cans were assayed to verify the contents. The Analytical Development Section of the Savannah River National Laboratory selected an active well coincidence neutron counter as the best instrument available to accomplish the assays. The instrument was set up at-line in the thermal excitation mode, and three standard samples that contained 8.9-, 28.5-, and 32.4-g of U-235 were counted for twenty hours of acquisition time each. A linear calibration based on the observed doubles rates was installed in the instrument. Subsequent verification measurements were performed on the selected samples using fifteen one-minute active acquisitions. Of the 67 samples assayed, 53 verification measurements were within the limits greater than or less than 32 per cent prescribed by the sample plan. Eleven samples had results that were biased low by as much as 95 percent, and three samples had results that were biased high and outside of the prescribed range. Because of the extremely variable nature of the cement matrix these results were not unexpected. From the observed data we were able to use the singles rates to develop a correction factor that we could apply to the doubles rates of the eleven negatively biased results that brought each verification measurement back into the prescribed range. The three samples that had large positive biases in the verification measurements were observed in the passive acquisition mode to confirm contributions from trans-uranium species. This paper will describe the calibrations, verification measurements, applied corrections, and diagnostic tests that were involved in completing the prescribed assays.
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Author: Michael F. L'Annunziata
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Author: ASTM International
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Author: Doug Reilly
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