Author: J.-S. WangPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Traffic accidents
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Book Description
Lane Change/merge Crashes: Problem Size Assessment and Statistical Description
Author: J.-S. WangPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Traffic accidents
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Book Description
Backing Crashes: Problem Size Assessment and Statistical Description
Author: J.-S. WangPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Traffic accidents
Languages : en
Pages : 74
Book Description
Rear-end Crashes: Problem Size Assessment and Statistical Description
Author: Ronald R. KniplingIVHS Countermeasures for Rear-end Collisions. Task 1. Volume I: Summary
Author: T. WilsonRole of the Seat in Rear Crash Safety
Author: David C VianoPublisher: SAE International
ISBN: 0768050464
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 516
Book Description
Role of the Seat in Rear Crash Safety addresses the historic debate over seatback stiffness, energy absorbing yielding, occupant retention and whiplash prevention; and it provides a scientific foundation for the direction GM pursued in the development and validation of future seat designs. It also describes the multi-year research study into the role of the seat in rear crash safety - first by addressing the need for occupant retention in the more severe rear crashes; and then by addressing the needs for an adequately positioned head restraint and changes in the compliance of the seatback to lower the risks of the whiplash in low-speed crashes.
Bibliography of Recent ITS Reports and Papers
Author: Journal of Transportation and Statistics
Author: Assessment of IVHS Countermeasures for Collision Avoidance: Rear-end Crashes
Author: Ronald R. KniplingPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 110
Book Description
This report describes an analysis of the application of Intelligent Vehicle Highway System (IVHS) technology to the reduction of rear-end crashes. The principal countermeasure concept examined is a headway detection (HD) system that would detect stopped or slower-moving vehicles in a vehicle's travel path. The report is organized to correspond to the major steps of the project methodology: 1. Quantify baseline target crash problem size and describe target crash chracteristics; 2. Describe, analyze, and model target crash scenarios to permit understanding of principal crash causes, time and motion sequences, and potential interventions; 3. Assess countermeasure technology and mechanisms of action to identify candidate solutions; 4. Assess relevant human factors and other (e.g., environmental, vehicle) factors affecting crash scenario and potential countermeasure effectiveness; 5. Model countermeasure action to predict effectiveness and identify critical countermeasure functional requirements; 6. Identify specific priority technological, human factors, and other R & D issues to be resolved. Case reconstructions and modeling indicate that most rear-end crashes are due to driver inattention, and that this inattention can in theory be addressed successfully by the HD countermeasure concept and available radar technologies.
Human Factors in Intelligent Transportation Systems
Author: Woodrow BarfieldPublisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317781090
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 484
Book Description
The Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Program is a cooperative effort by government, private industry, and academia to apply advanced technology to the task of resolving the problems of surface transportation. The objective is to improve travel efficiency and mobility, enhance safety, conserve energy, provide economic benefits, and protect the environment. The current demand for mobility has exceeded the available capacity of the roadway system. Because the highway system cannot be expanded, except in minor ways, the available capacity must be used more efficiently to handle the increased demand. ITS applies advanced information processing, communication, sensing, and computer control technologies to the problems of surface transportation. Considerable research and development efforts will be required to produce these new technologies and to convert technologies developed in the defense and space programs to solve surface transportation problems. ITS has been subdivided into six interlocking technology areas. This book addresses human factors concerns for four of these areas: * Advanced Traveler Information Systems are a variety of systems that provide real time, in-vehicle information to drivers regarding navigation and route guidance, motorist services, roadway signing, and hazard warnings. * Advanced Vehicle Control Systems refer to systems that aid drivers in controlling their vehicle particularly in emergency situations and ultimately taking over some or all of the driving tasks. * Commercial Vehicle Operations address the application of ITS technologies to the special needs of commercial roadway vehicles including automated vehicle identification, location, weigh-in-motion, clearance sensing, and record keeping. * Advanced Traffic Management Systems monitor, control and manage traffic on streets and highways to reduce congestion using vehicle route diversion, automated signal timing, changeable message signs, and priority control systems. Two technical areas are not specifically addressed in individual chapters, but many aspects of them are covered in associated chapters: * Advanced Rural Transportation Systems include systems that apply ITS technologies to the special needs of rural systems and include emergency notification and response, vehicle location, and traveler information. * Advanced Public Transportation Systems enhance the effectiveness, attractiveness and economics of public transportation and include fleet management, automated fare collection, and real-time information systems.
Human Factors in Lighting, Third Edition
Author: Peter Robert BoycePublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439874883
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 706
Book Description
The availability of electric lighting has changed the lives of people the world over, yet as a major user of electricity it has come under increasing scrutiny in recent years. This scrutiny has focused largely on the environmental consequences, with little consideration of the benefits of lighting. Human Factors in Lighting, Third Edition restores some balance to the discussion by examining the ways in which people interact with lighting. These interactions influence the ability to perform visual tasks; the perception of people, objects, and spaces; human comfort and behavior; as well as human health and safety. It is only by understanding how to use light to achieve these ends that lighting can be provided effectively and efficiently to the benefit of all. See What’s New in the Third Edition: New chapters on the non-image-forming system, lighting for pedestrians, light pollution, and lighting and electricity use Revision of all other chapters to update them to take into account the advances that have been made in our understanding of the effects of light on people over the last decade Integration of the combined effects of light via the visual and non-image-forming systems on performance and perception The book covers both the visual and the non-visual effects of light on people as well as the benefits of lighting and the costs it imposes on the environment. It details the consequences of exposure to lighting or lighting technology and the role of exposure to light on such basic functions of the body as circadian rhythms. The author combines information from many different sources and integrates them into a coherent overview of lighting practice that can be used to develop better lighting solutions at a lower environmental cost.