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Author: Beau A. Standish Publisher: ISBN: 9780494525845 Category : Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
Patients with prostate cancer are faced with several treatment options such as hormone therapy, external beam radiation and radical prostatectomy. However, long term disease-free survival remains elusive and is a critical issue for oncology clinicians. A safe and potentially curative salvage therapy is needed, and vascularly targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) may prove to be the ideal treatment option for recurrent prostate cancer. Although tumor eradication may lead to cure, an important aspect of any treatment involves improving or retaining the patient's quality of life after therapy. If sensitive tissues within the prostate treatment region could be monitored and/or the biological treatment response predicted during PDT, the clinician could possibly minimize common treatment side effects such as incontinence, urethral stricture and impotence.The goal of this thesis was to extend current abilities of monitoring/predicting the PDT response, in an effort to reduce morbidity in prostate salvage therapy. An exciting and unique approach to monitor and quantify the PDT-induced vascular response is interstitial (IS) Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT), which can image tissue structure at near-cellular-levels, while also detecting the presence of microvasculature. However, these advantageous imaging characteristics are limited to a depth of 1-3mm. As the prostate is a deeply situated organ, a novel minimally invasive needle based IS-DOCT probe was developed to gain access to deep tissue such as the prostate. A xenograft Dunning rat prostate pilot study demonstrated the ability of IS-DOCT to detect and monitor PDT-induced vascular effects, while a follow-up study highlighted the sensitivity of the IS-DOCT system to detect changes in the vascular shutdown rate as a function of PDT surface irradiances. Finally, in a multi-modality study, including Monte Carlo modeling and high frequency ultrasound, a correlation between the vascular shutdown rate and biological endpoint of tumor necrosis was observed demonstrating that IS-DOCT may provide a predictive PDT imaging metric. In conclusion, this thesis presents a technique to monitor and quantify real-time PDT-induced vascular changes, suggesting an important role for IS-DOCT in pre-treatment planning, feedback control for treatment optimization, and post PDT treatment assessment.
Author: Beau A. Standish Publisher: ISBN: 9780494525845 Category : Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
Patients with prostate cancer are faced with several treatment options such as hormone therapy, external beam radiation and radical prostatectomy. However, long term disease-free survival remains elusive and is a critical issue for oncology clinicians. A safe and potentially curative salvage therapy is needed, and vascularly targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) may prove to be the ideal treatment option for recurrent prostate cancer. Although tumor eradication may lead to cure, an important aspect of any treatment involves improving or retaining the patient's quality of life after therapy. If sensitive tissues within the prostate treatment region could be monitored and/or the biological treatment response predicted during PDT, the clinician could possibly minimize common treatment side effects such as incontinence, urethral stricture and impotence.The goal of this thesis was to extend current abilities of monitoring/predicting the PDT response, in an effort to reduce morbidity in prostate salvage therapy. An exciting and unique approach to monitor and quantify the PDT-induced vascular response is interstitial (IS) Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT), which can image tissue structure at near-cellular-levels, while also detecting the presence of microvasculature. However, these advantageous imaging characteristics are limited to a depth of 1-3mm. As the prostate is a deeply situated organ, a novel minimally invasive needle based IS-DOCT probe was developed to gain access to deep tissue such as the prostate. A xenograft Dunning rat prostate pilot study demonstrated the ability of IS-DOCT to detect and monitor PDT-induced vascular effects, while a follow-up study highlighted the sensitivity of the IS-DOCT system to detect changes in the vascular shutdown rate as a function of PDT surface irradiances. Finally, in a multi-modality study, including Monte Carlo modeling and high frequency ultrasound, a correlation between the vascular shutdown rate and biological endpoint of tumor necrosis was observed demonstrating that IS-DOCT may provide a predictive PDT imaging metric. In conclusion, this thesis presents a technique to monitor and quantify real-time PDT-induced vascular changes, suggesting an important role for IS-DOCT in pre-treatment planning, feedback control for treatment optimization, and post PDT treatment assessment.
Author: Carolyn A. Staton Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 047002934X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 410
Book Description
Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from the existing vasculature, is essential for physiological growth and over 18,000 research articles have been published describing the role of angiogenesis in over 70 different diseases, including cancer, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. One of the most important technical challenges in such studies has been finding suitable methods for assessing the effects of regulators of eh angiogenic response. While increasing numbers of angiogenesis assays are being described both in vitro and in vivo, it is often still necessary to use a combination of assays to identify the cellular and molecular events in angiogenesis and the full range of effects of a given test protein. Although the endothelial cell - its migration, proliferation, differentiation and structural rearrangement - is central to the angiogenic process, it is not the only cell type involved. the supporting cells, the extracellular matrix and the circulating blood with its cellular and humoral components also contribute. In this book, experts in the use of a diverse range of assays outline key components of these and give a critical appraisal of their strengths and weaknesses. Examples include assays for the proliferation, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells in vitro, vessel outgrowth from organ cultures, assessment of endothelial and mural cell interactions, and such in vivo assays as the chick chorioallantoic membrane, zebrafish, corneal, chamber and tumour angiogenesis models. These are followed by a critical analysis of the biological end-points currently being used in clinical trials to assess the clinical efficacy of anti-angiogenic drugs, which leads into a discussion of the direction future studies should take. This valuable book is of interest to research scientists currently working on angiogenesis in both the academic community and in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Relevant disciplines include cell and molecular biology, oncology, cardiovascular research, biotechnology, pharmacology, pathology and physiology.
Author: Andrea Cusano Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319069985 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 377
Book Description
This book focuses on a research field that is rapidly emerging as one of the most promising ones for the global optics and photonics community: the “lab-on-fiber” technology. Inspired by the well-established "lab on-a-chip" concept, this new technology essentially envisages novel and highly functionalized devices completely integrated into a single optical fiber for both communication and sensing applications. Based on the R&D experience of some of the world's leading authorities in the fields of optics, photonics, nanotechnology, and material science, this book provides a broad and accurate description of the main developments and achievements in the lab-on-fiber technology roadmap, also highlighting the new perspectives and challenges to be faced. This book is essential for scientists interested in the cutting-edge fiber optic technology, but also for graduate students.
Author: Valery Tuchin Publisher: ISBN: 9781628415162 Category : Diagnostic imaging Languages : en Pages : 988
Book Description
This third edition of the biomedical optics classic Tissue Optics covers the continued intensive growth in tissue optics—in particular, the field of tissue diagnostics and imaging—that has occurred since 2007. As in the first two editions, Part I describes fundamentals and basic research, and Part II presents instrumentation and medical applications. However, for the reader’s convenience, this third edition has been reorganized into 14 chapters instead of 9. The chapters covering optical coherence tomography, digital holography and interferometry, controlling optical properties of tissues, nonlinear spectroscopy, and imaging have all been substantially updated. The book is intended for researchers, teachers, and graduate and undergraduate students specializing in the physics of living systems, biomedical optics and biophotonics, laser biophysics, and applications of lasers in biomedicine. It can also be used as a textbook for courses in medical physics, medical engineering, and medical biology.
Author: D.R. Vij Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461509297 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 381
Book Description
A careful review of the literature covering various aspects of applications of lasers in science and technology reveals that lasers are being applied very widely throughout the entire gamut of physical medicine. After surveying the current developments taking place in the field of medical applications of lasers, it was considered appropriate to bring together these efforts of international research scientists and experts into one volume. It is with this aim that the editors have prepared this volume which brings current research and recent developments to the attention of a wide spectrum of readership associated with hospitals, medical institutions and universities world wide, including also the medical instrument industry. Both teachers and students in the medical faculties will especially find this compendium quite useful. This book is comprised of eleven chapters. All of the important medical applications of lasers are featured. The editors have made every effort that individual chapters are self-contained and written by experts. Emphasis has been placed on straight and simple presentation of the subject matter so that even the new entrants into the field will find the book of value.
Author: Brett Bouma Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780367396787 Category : Imaging systems in medicine Languages : en Pages : 756
Book Description
This contemporary reference presents a comprehensive review of the most recent applications of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in biology, medicine, engineering, and applied physics-summarizing technological advances that led to the availability of viable imaging tools and modern methods of OCT for optical biopsy, surgical guidance, and quality control of advanced composites in situ.
Author: Yoshiaki Toyama Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811379084 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
This open access book describes marked advances in imaging technology that have enabled the visualization of phenomena in ways formerly believed to be completelyimpossible. These technologies have made major contributions to the elucidation of the pathology of diseases as well as to their diagnosis and therapy. The volume presents various studies from molecular imaging to clinical imaging. It also focuses on innovative, creative, advanced research that gives full play to imaging technology inthe broad sense, while exploring cross-disciplinary areas in which individual research fields interact and pursuing the development of new techniques where they fuse together. The book is separated into three parts, the first of which addresses the topic of visualizing and controlling molecules for life. Th e second part is devoted to imaging of disease mechanisms, while the final part comprises studies on the application of imaging technologies to diagnosis and therapy. Th e book contains the proceedings of the 12th Uehara International Symposium 2017, “Make Life Visible” sponsored by the Uehara Memorial Foundation and held from June 12 to 14, 2017. It is written by leading scientists in the field and is an open access publication under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Author: Enzo Berardesca Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642321097 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 464
Book Description
This book is a comprehensive but compact guide to the latest technical and technological developments in the growing field of non invasive diagnosis in clinical dermatology. Information is provided on the practical and technical characteristics of a wide range of equipment and methods for in vivo measurements that aid in the investigation of skin function, the evaluation of topically applied products and the monitoring of skin disease. Individual sections are devoted to imaging techniques, skin analysis, superficial skin analysis, skin mechanics, water and stratum corneum hydration and erythema and blood flow. All of the authors are experts in the field, with detailed knowledge of the techniques they describe. Non Invasive Diagnostic Techniques in Clinical Dermatology will be of value for all dermatologists, whether they are engaged in delivering patient care or in research programs, for cosmetic scientists and for biologists involved in skin research and product assessment.
Author: Mahmoud H. Abdel-Kader Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642396291 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 317
Book Description
Photodynamic Therapy: From Theory to Application brings attention to an exceptional treatment strategy, which until now has not achieved the recognition and breadth of applications it deserves. The authors, all experts and pioneers in their field, discuss the history and basic principles of PDT, as well as the fundamentals of the theory, methods, and instrumentation of clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Non-oncological applications such as the use of PDT in control of parasites and noxious insects are also discussed. This book serves as a standard reference for researchers and students at all levels, clinical specialists interested in the topic and those in industry exploring new areas for development. A comprehensive exposition of both the theory and application of PDT, this book fills the gaps in the current literature by bringing together both basic understanding of the process of PDT and an expanded vision of its applications.
Author: Beau A. Standish
Author: Beau A. Standish
Author: Carolyn A. Staton
Author: Minghua Xu
Author: Andrea Cusano
Author: Valery Tuchin
Author: D.R. Vij
Author: Brett Bouma
Author: Yoshiaki Toyama
Author: Enzo Berardesca
Author: Mahmoud H. Abdel-Kader