Reactions Under Plasma Conditions PDF Download

Author: Mundiyath Venugopalan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 632

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Author: Annemie Bogaerts
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3038977500
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 248

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Book Description
Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.

Author: D. E. Jensen
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 148315551X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 142

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Book Description
Plasma Chemistry is a collection of papers dealing with chemi-ionization kinetics, elementary chemical processes, kinetics in a non-equilibrium orquasi-equilibrium plasma, and heterogeneous reactions in plasmas of moderate pressure. Several papers discuss spectrometric plasma diagnostics, organic syntheses under plasma conditions, and the survival of plasma chemistry. One paper reviews chemi-ionization reactions, including reactions involving an electronically excited collision partner in which Penning ionization comparisons can be made. The paper also shows that observations made on noble gas metastables do not in apply to reactions of other species. Another paper analyzes the mechanism of plasma chemical reactions occurring under electron impact and through electronic-vibrational excited states. In these states, mutual influence of vibrational relaxation and dissociation becomes significant under low temperature plasma conditions. One paper discusses plasma techniques that have been applied to carry out various types of isomerizations or eliminations with high yields. The paper also shows the possibility of generating reactive species (atoms, radicals, carbenes) by these methods. The collection can prove useful for researchers, technicians, or scientists whose works involve organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and other related fields of chemistry, such as physical chemistry and inorganic chemistry.

Author: Alexander Fridman
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139471732
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages :

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Providing a fundamental introduction to all aspects of modern plasma chemistry, this book describes mechanisms and kinetics of chemical processes in plasma, plasma statistics, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and electrodynamics, as well as all major electric discharges applied in plasma chemistry. Fridman considers most of the major applications of plasma chemistry, from electronics to thermal coatings, from treatment of polymers to fuel conversion and hydrogen production and from plasma metallurgy to plasma medicine. It is helpful to engineers, scientists and students interested in plasma physics, plasma chemistry, plasma engineering and combustion, as well as chemical physics, lasers, energy systems and environmental control. The book contains an extensive database on plasma kinetics and thermodynamics and numerical formulas for practical calculations related to specific plasma-chemical processes and applications. Problems and concept questions are provided, helpful in courses related to plasma, lasers, combustion, chemical kinetics, statistics and thermodynamics, and high-temperature and high-energy fluid mechanics.

Author: National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309677608
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 291

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Book Description
Plasma Science and Engineering transforms fundamental scientific research into powerful societal applications, from materials processing and healthcare to forecasting space weather. Plasma Science: Enabling Technology, Sustainability, Security and Exploration discusses the importance of plasma research, identifies important grand challenges for the next decade, and makes recommendations on funding and workforce. This publication will help federal agencies, policymakers, and academic leadership understand the importance of plasma research and make informed decisions about plasma science funding, workforce, and research directions.

Author: Jurgen Meichsner
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420059211
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 554

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Book Description
In addition to introducing the basics of plasma physics, Nonthermal Plasma Chemistry and Physics is a comprehensive presentation of recent developments in the rapidly growing field of nonthermal plasma chemistry. The book offers a detailed discussion of the fundamentals of plasma chemical reactions and modeling, nonthermal plasma sources, relevant

Author: Vasile I. Parvulescu
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527330062
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 423

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Book Description
Filling the gap for a book that covers not only plasma in gases but also in liquids, this is all set to become the standard reference for this topic. It provides a broad-based overview of plasma-chemical and plasmacatalytic processes generated by electrical discharges in gases, liquids and gas/liquid environments in both fundamental and applied aspects by focusing on their environmental and green applications and also taking into account their practical and economic viability. With the topics addressed by an international group of major experts, this is a must-have for scientists, engineers, students and postdoctoral researchers specializing in this field.

Author: Jörg Florian Friedrich
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 352764802X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 479

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Book Description
More than 99% of all visible matter in the universe occurs as highly ionized gas plasma with high energy content. Electrical low- and atmospheric-pressure plasmas are characterized by continuous source of moderate quantities of energy or enthalpy transferred predominantly as kinetic energy of electrons. Therefore, such energetically unbalanced plasmas have low gas temperature but produce sufficient energy for inelastic collisions with atoms and molecules in the gas phase, thus producing reactive species and photons, which are able to initiate all types of polymerizations or activate any surface of low reactive polymers. However, the broadly distributed energies in the plasma exceed partially the binding energies in polymers, thus initiating very often unselective reactions and polymer degradation. The intention of this book is to present new plasma processes and new plasma reactions of high selectivity and high yield. This book aims to bridge classical and plasma chemistry, particularly focusing on polymer chemistry in the bulk and on the surface under plasma exposure. The stability of surface functionalization and the qualitative and quantitative measurement of functional groups at polymer surface are featured prominently, and chemical pathways for suppressing the undesirable side effects of plasma exposure are proposed and illustrated with numerous examples. Special attention is paid to the smooth transition from inanimate polymer surfaces to modified bioactive polymer surfaces. A wide range of techniques, plasma types and applications are demonstrated.

Author: André Anders
Publisher: Andre Anders
ISBN: 9783055012631
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280

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Book Description

Author: A. T. Bell
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483284492
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 118

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Book Description
Plasma Chemistry - 2: Plasma Chemistry and Transport Phenomena in Thermal Plasmas presents the proceeding of the Second International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, held in Rome, Italy, on September 18–23, 1975. This book discusses the thermodynamic state of chemically reacting plasmas, which are generally described by Pauli or Boltzmann kinetic equations. Organized into eight chapters, this compilation of papers begins with an overview of the influence of the plasma state by a superimposed laser radiation field. This text then examines the mechanisms of chemical transformations in electric discharges. Other chapters consider the successful exploitation of thermal plasmas in the field of high temperature chemistry. This book discusses as well the status of plasma processes involving mass transfer and heat, with reference to the processes of condensation, vaporization, and chemical reaction. The final chapter deals with plasma heating and spraying of various materials. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, metallurgists, and scientists.