Rapid Sample Preparation Methods for Use With High Speed Gas Chromatography PDF Download

Author: Robert W. Current, Ph.D.
Publisher: Robert Current
ISBN:
Category : Gas chromatography
Languages : en
Pages : 312

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Author: Robert L. Grob, PhD
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047165115X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1059

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Book Description
The bible of gas chromatography-offering everything the professional and the novice need to know about running, maintaining, and interpreting the results from GC Analytical chemists, technicians, and scientists in allied disciplines have come to regard Modern Practice of Gas Chomatography as the standard reference in gas chromatography. In addition to serving as an invaluable reference for the experienced practitioner, this bestselling work provides the beginner with a solid understanding of gas chromatographic theory and basic techniques. This new Fourth Edition incorporates the most recent developments in the field, including entirely new chapters on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS); optimization of separations and computer assistance; high speed or fast gas chromatography; mobile phase requirements: gas system requirements and sample preparation techniques; qualitative and quantitative analysis by GC; updated information on detectors; validation and QA/QC of chromatographic methods; and useful hints for good gas chromatography. As in previous editions, contributing authors have been chosen for their expertise and active participation in their respective areas. Modern Practice of Gas Chromatography, Fourth Edition presents a well-rounded and comprehensive overview of the current state of this important technology, providing a practical reference that will greatly appeal to both experienced chomatographers and novices.

Author: Harold M. McNair
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119450756
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 293

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Book Description
Basic Gas Chromatography, Third Edition provides a brief introduction to GC following the objectives for titles in this series. It should appeal to readers with varying levels of education and emphasizes a practical, applied approach to the subject. : This book provides a quick need-to-know introduction to gas chromatography; still the most widely used instrumental analysis technique, and is intended to assist new users in gaining understanding quickly and as a quick reference for experienced users. The new edition provides updated chapters that reflect changes in technology and methodology, especially sample preparation, detectors and multidimensional chromatography. The book also covers new detectors recently introduced and sample preparation methods that have become much more easily accessible since the previous edition.

Author: Katja Dettmer-Wilde
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3642546404
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 904

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Book Description
Gas chromatography continues to be one of the most widely used analytical techniques, since its applications today expand into fields such as biomarker research or metabolomics. This new practical textbook enables the reader to make full use of gas chromatography. Essential fundamentals and their implications for the practical work at the instrument are provided, as well as details on the instrumentation such as inlet systems, columns and detectors. Specialized techniques from all aspects of GC are introduced ranging from sample preparation, solvent-free injection techniques, and pyrolysis GC, to separation including fast GC and comprehensive GCxGC and finally detection, such as GC-MS and element-specific detection. Various fields of application such as enantiomer, food, flavor and fragrance analysis, physicochemical measurements, forensic toxicology, and clinical analysis are discussed as well as cutting-edge application in metabolomics is covered.

Author: Peter Kusch
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1838818650
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 144

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Book Description
Gas chromatography (GC) is one of the most important types of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing chemical organic compounds. Today, gas chromatography is one of the most widespread investigation methods of instrumental analysis. This technique is used in the laboratories of chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries, in research institutes, and also in clinical, environmental, and food and beverage analysis. This book is the outcome of contributions by experts in the field of gas chromatography and includes a short history of gas chromatography, an overview of derivatization methods and sample preparation techniques, a comprehensive study on pyrazole mass spectrometric fragmentation, and a GC/MS/MS method for the determination and quantification of pesticide residues in grape samples.

Author: Somenath Mitra
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471457825
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 480

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Book Description
The importance of accurate sample preparation techniques cannot be overstated--meticulous sample preparation is essential. Often overlooked, it is the midway point where the analytes from the sample matrix are transformed so they are suitable for analysis. Even the best analytical techniques cannot rectify problems generated by sloppy sample pretreatment. Devoted entirely to teaching and reinforcing these necessary pretreatment steps, Sample Preparation Techniques in Analytical Chemistry addresses diverse aspects of this important measurement step. These include: * State-of-the-art extraction techniques for organic and inorganic analytes * Sample preparation in biological measurements * Sample pretreatment in microscopy * Surface enhancement as a sample preparation tool in Raman and IR spectroscopy * Sample concentration and clean-up methods * Quality control steps Designed to serve as a text in an undergraduate or graduate level curriculum, Sample Preparation Techniques in Analytical Chemistry also provides an invaluable reference tool for analytical chemists in the chemical, biological, pharmaceutical, environmental, and materials sciences.

Author: S.A. Westwood
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401121648
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 180

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Book Description
by Professor D. E. Games, Mass Spectrometry Research Unit, University College of Swansea Sample preparation can be viewed as occupying a Cinderella role in analytical science. However, the quality of sample preparation plays a key role in high In the past decade, there has been quality analysis and deserves higher stature. considerable interest in the use of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) as an alternative to conventional procedures for the preparation of samples for ana lysis. The driving force for this development is the need for automated, sim pler, faster, non-destructive and selective methods for extraction, preferably using non-toxic extraction media which are easily disposed of. Utilization of supercritical fluids for extraction fulfils these requirements because of their unique physical chemical properties and usually low toxicity. Selectivity can be achieved by suitable selection of pressure (density), temperature and modi fier conditions which enable solvating power to be varied. The high diffusivity of supercritical fluids provides rapid sample penetration and extraction. Use of fluids with low critical temperatures enables extraction to be conducted under mild thermal conditions ensuring that thermally labile compounds do not decompose. The technique can be used off-line, and the extracts analysed by appropriate techniques, or it can be used on-line, by coupling with a variety of chromatographic techniques. These can then, if necessary, be coupled fur ther with spectroscopic techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared, ultra violet or mass spectrometry, to provide specific identification or structural information.

Author: Serban C. Moldoveanu
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323898203
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 698

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Book Description
Modern Sample Preparation for Chromatography, Second Edition explains the principles of sample preparation for chromatographic analysis. A variety of procedures are applied to make real-world samples amenable for chromatographic analysis and to improve results. This book's authors discuss each procedure’s advantages, disadvantages and their applicability to different types of samples, along with their fit for different types of chromatographic analysis. The book contains numerous literature references and examples of sample preparation for different matrices and new sections on green approaches in sample preparation, progress in automation of sample preparation, non-conventional solvents for LLE (ionic liquids, deep eutectic mixtures, and others), and more. Presents numerous techniques applied for sample preparation for chromatographic analysis Provides an up-to-date source of information regarding the progress made in sample preparation for chromatography Describes examples for specific types of matrices, providing a guide for choosing the appropriate sample preparation method for a given analysis

Author: Josep M. Bayona
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123813743
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2998

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Book Description
Comprehensive Sampling and Sample Preparation is a complete treatment of the theory and methodology of sampling in all physical phases and the theory of sample preparation for all major extraction techniques. It is the perfect starting point for researchers and students to design and implement their experiments and support those experiments with quality-reviewed background information. In its four volumes, fundamentals of sampling and sample preparation are reinforced through broad and detailed sections dealing with Biological and Medical, Environmental and Forensic, and Food and Beverage applications. The contributions are organized to reflect the way in which analytical chemists approach a problem. It is intended for a broad audience of analytical chemists, both educators and practitioners of the art and can assist in the preparation of courses as well in the selection of sampling and sample preparation techniques to address the challenges at hand. Above all, it is designed to be helpful in learning more about these topics, as well as to encourage an interest in sampling and sample preparation by outlining the present practice of the technology and by indicating research opportunities. Sampling and Sample preparation is a large and well-defined field in Analytical Chemistry, relevant for many application areas such as medicine, environmental science, biochemistry, pharmacology, geology, and food science. This work covers all these aspects and will be extremely useful to researchers and students, who can use it as a starting point to design and implement their experiments and for quality-reviewed background information There are limited resources that Educators can use to effectively teach the fundamental aspects of modern sample preparation technology. Comprehensive Sampling and Sample Preparation addresses this need, but focuses on the common principles of new developments in extraction technologies rather than the differences between techniques thus facilitating a more thorough understanding Provides a complete overview of the field. Not only will help to save time, it will also help to make correct assessments and avoid costly mistakes in sampling in the process Sample and sample preparation are integral parts of the analytical process but are often less considered and sometimes even completely disregarded in the available literature. To fill this gap, leading scientists have contributed 130 chapters, organized in 4 volumes, covering all modern aspects of sampling and liquid, solid phase and membrane extractions, as well as the challenges associated with different types of matrices in relevant application areas

Author: Foujan Falaki
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
In gas chromatography (GC), the sample is vaporized and injected onto the head of a chromatographic column. Elution is brought about by the flow of an inert gaseous mobile phase such as helium, argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen. In GC, the mobile phase does not interact with molecules of the analyte, and it only transports the analyte through the column. In two general kinds of GC, gas-solid chromatography (GSC) and gas-liquid chromatography (GLC), the mechanisms of analyte retention in the column are thoroughly different. In GLC, the analyte has been participated between a gaseous mobile phase and a liquid stationary phase. While in GSC, the retention of analytes is the consequence of its physical adsorption onto a solid stationary phase. In comparing of GLC and GSC, more widespread use of GLC has been found in all fields of science. This is mainly due to the semipermanent retention of active or polar molecules and the severe tailing of elution peaks, which is a consequence of the nonlinear character of adsorption process, in GSC. In GC, column efficiency requires that sample be of suitable size and be introduced as a plug of vapor. So, the sample preparation is a very important step in GC. The sample should be injected into a flash vaporizer port located at the head of the column, and its temperature is about 50°C above the boiling point of the least volatile component of the sample. So, the components of the sample should be easily vaporized in this temperature, and they should have high heat resistance not to be decomposed. Both of liquid and solid samples can be introduced to the column. But solid samples are ordinarily introduced as solutions or sealed into thin-walled vials that can be inserted at the head of the column and punctured or crushed from the outside. In order to separate and analyze the gaseous, liquid, and volatile solid samples directly, GC is a suitable analytical equipment. When the analyte sample is nonvolatile, the derivatization and pyrolysis GC techniques are crucial. Gas chromatography can be applied to the solution of many problems in various fields such as drugs and pharmaceuticals, environmental studies like air and clinical samples, petroleum industry, pesticides and their residues, and foods. On the other hand, most samples are not ready for direct introduction into instruments. For organics and volatile organics, the sample preparation procedures can be named as extraction, cleanup, derivatization, transfer to vapor phase, and concentration. So, the basic concept of a sample preparation method is to convert a real matrix into a sample in a format that is suitable for analysis by a separation or other analytical techniques. The goals of sample treatment step are as follows: (1) The capability of using smaller amounts of initial sample, especially for trace analysis. (2) Achieving higher specificity and selectivity in analytical determinations. (3) To improve the potential for automation or online methods and minimize the manual operations. (4) The usage of no or small volumes of organic solvents in order to approach the green chemistry techniques with less wastes and more friendly environment. On the other hand, different samples possess a variety of sample treatment methods, for example: (1) In order to treat solid samples and separate a purpose analyte, some enhanced solvent extraction methods include pressurized liquid extraction, microwave- and sonic wave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and superheated water extraction. (2) For analytes in solution, the sample preparation can be attributed to the analyte trapping methods such as -phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, and stir bar extractions. (3) Also, the extraction of the analytes into a liquid phase can be achieved by other methods like membrane extraction, single-drop microextraction (SDME), and purge and trap. (4) For separation of analytes in the gas phase, trapping analytes from vapor samples and headspace analysis are used. As a result, sample preparation is not only a critical step but also possesses different ways to treat and convert matrix into a suitable sample to inject GC.