Author: Judith B. MoodyPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radioactive waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc
Languages : en
Pages : 80
Book Description
Radionuclide Migration/retardation
Author: Judith B. MoodyPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radioactive waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc
Languages : en
Pages : 80
Book Description
I-129 Supplemental Information, Document Numbers 351-357
Author: Dana J. IsherwoodRadionuclide Migration/retardation
Author: Preliminary Report on Retardation Factors and Radionuclide Migration
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Available data on distribution coefficients for the biologically important radionuclides present in high-level waste were used to estimate retardation factors (K/sub f/) for a mass transport hydrologic model. The radionuclides were divided into 3 groups: fission products with no sorption (K/sub f/ = 1), fission products with sorption (K/sub f/ = 102), and the actinides and their daughter products (K/sub f/ = 104). Minimum and maximum values were assigned the latter two groups. Uncertainties as a function of time were estimated at +- an order of magnitude. 39 references, 5 tables.
Methods for Determining Radionuclide Retardation Factors
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
This report identifies a number of mechanisms that retard radionuclide migration, and describes the static and dynamic methods that are used to study such retardation phenomena. Both static and dynamic methods are needed for reliable safety assessments of underground nuclear-waste repositories. This report also evaluates the extent to which the two methods may be used to diagnose radionuclide migration through various types of geologic media, among them unconsolidated, crushed, intact, and fractured rocks. Adsorption is one mechanism that can control radionuclide concentrations in solution and therefore impede radionuclide migration. Other mechanisms that control a solution's radionuclide concentration and radionuclide migration are precipitation of hydroxides and oxides, oxidation-reduction reactions, and the formation of minerals that might include the radionuclide as a structural element. The retardation mechanisms mentioned above are controlled by such factors as surface area, cation exchange capacity, solution pH, chemical composition of the rock and of the solution, oxidation-reduction potential, and radionuclide concentration. Rocks and ground waters used in determining retardation factors should represent the expected equilibrium conditions in the geologic system under investigation. Static test methods can be used to rapidly screen the effects of the factors mentioned above. Dynamic (or column) testing, is needed to assess the effects of hydrodynamics and the interaction of hydrodynamics with the other important parameters. This paper proposes both a standard method for conducting batch Kd determinations, and a standard format for organizing and reporting data. Dynamic testing methods are not presently developed to the point that a standard methodology can be proposed. Normal procedures are outlined for column experimentation and the data that are needed to analyze a column experiment are identified.
Solutions to Radionuclide Migration with Nonlinear Retardation Mechanisms in Backfill Material
Author: Harold M. AndersonPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bentonite
Languages : en
Pages : 70
Book Description
Radionuclide Migration Experiment - Overview 1990-1996
Author: Radionuclide Behaviour in the Natural Environment
Author: Christophe PoinssotPublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857097199
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 737
Book Description
Understanding radionuclide behaviour in the natural environment is essential to the sustainable development of the nuclear industry and key to assessing potential environmental risks reliably. Minimising those risks is essential to enhancing public confidence in nuclear technology. Scientific knowledge in this field has developed greatly over the last decade.Radionuclide behaviour in the natural environment provides a comprehensive overview of the key processes and parameters affecting radionuclide mobility and migration. After an introductory chapter, part one explores radionuclide chemistry in the natural environment, including aquatic chemistry and the impact of natural organic matter and microorganisms. Part two discusses the migration and radioecological behavior of radionuclides. Topics include hydrogeology, sorption and colloidal reactions as well as in-situ investigations. Principles of modelling coupled geochemical, transport and radioecological properties are also discussed. Part three covers application issues: assessment of radionuclide behaviour in contaminated sites, taking Chernobyl as an example, estimation of radiological exposure to the population, performance assessment considerations related to deep geological repositories, and remediation concepts for contaminated sites. With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Radionuclide behaviour in the natural environment is an essential tool for all those interested or involved in nuclear energy, from researchers, designers and industrial operators to environmental scientists. It also provides a comprehensive guide for academics of all levels in this field. Provides a comprehensive overview of the key processes and parameters affecting radionuclide mobility and migration Explores radionuclide chemistry in the natural environment Discusses the migration and radioecological behaviour of radionuclides
NRC Nuclear Waste Geochemistry '83
Author: Donald H. AlexanderPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental geochemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 568
Book Description
Author: P. A. Smith