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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in African-American women. Studies have reported that African-American women with breast cancer are more likely to be diagnosed at a later stage of the disease and have a higher mortality rate than White women. Despite this, African-American women are less likely than White women to avail themselves of the benefits of screening mammography. This is most often attributed to lack of education, lack of access, and low socioeconomic status. However, it has been repeatedly shown that when socioeconomic, educational, and logistic barriers are minimized, African-Americans continue to underutilize these screening procedures. In this study, breast cancer screening behaviors and the factors that influence those behaviors are measured by means of a survey questionnaire distributed to members of a defined population of African-American and White women with comparable levels of education, health care access, and socioeconomic status. This report describes the background, objectives, and procedures of this study, and details the work carried out in Year 01, including selection of the sample, pilot testing, finalizing materials and procedures, creation of the project database, hiring of personnel. and preliminary mailings.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in African-American women. Studies have reported that African-American women with breast cancer are more likely to be diagnosed at a later stage of the disease and have a higher mortality rate than White women. Despite this, African-American women are less likely than White women to avail themselves of the benefits of screening mammography. This is most often attributed to lack of education, lack of access, and low socioeconomic status. However, it has been repeatedly shown that when socioeconomic, educational, and logistic barriers are minimized, African-Americans continue to underutilize these screening procedures. In this study, breast cancer screening behaviors and the factors that influence those behaviors are measured by means of a survey questionnaire distributed to members of a defined population of African-American and White women with comparable levels of education, health care access, and socioeconomic status. This report describes the background, objectives, and procedures of this study, and details the work carried out in Year 01, including selection of the sample, pilot testing, finalizing materials and procedures, creation of the project database, hiring of personnel. and preliminary mailings.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in African-American women. Studies have reported that African-American women with breast cancer are more likely to be diagnosed at a later stage of the disease and have a higher mortality rate than white women. Despite this, African-American women are less likely than White women to avail themselves of the benefits of screening mammography. This is most often attributed to lack of education, lack of access, and low socioeconomic status. However, it has been repeatedly shown that when socioeconomic, educational, and logistic barriers are minimized, African-Americans continue to underutilize these screening procedures. In this study, breast cancer screening behaviors and the factors that influence those behaviors were measured by means of a survey questionnaire distributed to members of a defined population of African-American and White women with potentially comparable levels of education, health care access, and socioeconomic status. This report describes the background, objectives, and procedures of this study, and details the work carried out in Year 02, including data collection and analysis. A total of 782 usable surveys were returned from female public school teachers in Philadelphia aged 40 and older. White respondents were more likely than African-Americans to be married or cohabiting, and had significantly higher annual household incomes; they were also more likely to have been adherent to mammography guidelines over the previous five years and to say that they would definitely get a mammogram in the next 24 months. African-Americans, by contrast, were more likely than Whites to have practiced regular breast self-examination. When demographic and health- related factors were controlled for, however, no significant effect of race on mammography adherence or intentions was found.
Author: Ann Marie P. March Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
"Breast cancer mortality rates differ among racial/ethnic groups in the United States and currently are about 16% higher in black women than in white women. The reason for this racial/ethnic difference is unknown. Due to the low rate of breast cancer screening practices in this population, an educational program was developed to increase the participants' knowledge about breast cancer, including the need for breast self-examination (BSE) and mammograms. The plan is to increase the awareness of breast cancer in African American women, and access of routine breast screening in collaboration with community-based organizations such as churches, among low-income and uninsured women. This educational program consists of African American women watching a seven minute educational video. The movie is about breast cancer and the importance of early detection, clinical breast examinations by professionals, yearly mammograms, and demonstrates how to perform breast self examination. This educational program will be guided by a systematic process for the change to evidence-based practice. The program will increase the participant's knowledge of breast cancer risks and screening practices among middle-aged African American women. Breast cancer screening offers the greatest potential for reducing deaths in the African American population. Increased knowledge and changing beliefs associated with breast cancer screening are important when attempting to increase mammography and BSE among African American women. Nurses can make a difference in the education and decrease in mortality rate of these women if they recognize how a woman's cultural beliefs and attitudes can adversely affect health promotion and disease prevention behaviors." -- from Introduction.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 138
Book Description
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women in the United States (U.S. CSWG, 2009). Health care, screening behaviors (e.g., mammography) and late-stage disease detection account for significant differences in breast cancer morbidity and mortality among ethnically diverse women (ACS, 2007). The current study sought to identify variables that best predict women's breast cancer screening behaviors and to develop screening typologies for women in a large multiethnic sample (N = 15,130) from the California Health Interview Survey 2005 (CHIS, 2006). The study examined whether ethnicity (Hispanic, African American, Asian, and non-Hispanic white) moderated the relationship between emergent typologies and screening outcomes. Variables of interest addressed the following themes: health behaviors, women's health, cancer history, health insurance, health care utilization, mental health, as well as acculturation, racial discrimination, education, and socioeconomic status. Latent profile analysis (LPA : Lanza, Flaherty, & Collins, 2003) was employed to empirically derive and subsequently predict screening using each variable simultaneously to develop typologies of women. Post-hoc analyses using logistic regression were utilized to explain significant ethnicity by class interactions. Results revealed three substantive risk domains, Health, Stress, and Demographic, were significantly related to breast cancer screening. LPA revealed two classes, deemed Healthy and Health Risk, emerged significant for the Health domain. Health Risk class women engaged in more mammography screening, relative to Healthy class counterparts across all ethnic groups (ps
Author: Catherine Michelle Royal Mulvihill Publisher: ISBN: Category : African American women Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
This qualitative study addressed the research question, what are the perspectives and experiences related to breast cancer and breast cancer screening of African American women residing in rural eastern North Carolina? A literature review indicated little research related to the perceptions and experiences of rural African American women about breast cancer and breast cancer screening. In a previously conducted unpublished larger study (Burke, Barrett, & Cherry, 2009), the perspectives of women from rural North Carolina about breast cancer and breast cancer screening were collected by means of focus group interviews. The researcher in the present study conducted a qualitative analysis of data from a sub-set of focus group interviews that involved African American women. A qualitative approach in this study afforded an opportunity to gain insight into African American women's experiences and views regarding breast cancer and breast cancer screening. The researcher analyzed transcripts from three focus group interviews that involved 17 African American women residing in rural eastern North Carolina. Five themes that emerged from the data were: knowledge and beliefs about breast cancer, influences on breast cancer screening behaviors, personal experience with screening, emotional reactions to discussing breast cancer and breast cancer screening, and promoting breast cancer screening. Key findings related to these emergent themes included a self-perceived low level of knowledge about breast cancer, cultural views about various causes of breast cancer, perspectives about mammograms, perceived barriers to breast cancer screening, the influence of faith on breast cancer and breast cancer screening, personal experiences with breast cancer screening, fear as a commonly shared reaction to breast cancer and breast cancer screening, and best practices for promoting breast cancer awareness and education. The researcher identified a need for future research on the topic of minority health in rural populations, specifically around breast cancer screenings and preventive health. An analysis of a sub-set of qualitative data provided by African American women and a comparison of findings with the research literature led the researcher to recommend that tailored health education be provided African American women on the topic of breast cancer and breast cancer screening.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309170133 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 564
Book Description
Cancer ranks second only to heart disease as a leading cause of death in the United States, making it a tremendous burden in years of life lost, patient suffering, and economic costs. Fulfilling the Potential for Cancer Prevention and Early Detection reviews the proof that we can dramatically reduce cancer rates. The National Cancer Policy Board, part of the Institute of Medicine, outlines a national strategy to realize the promise of cancer prevention and early detection, including specific and wide-ranging recommendations. Offering a wealth of information and directly addressing major controversies, the book includes: A detailed look at how significantly cancer could be reduced through lifestyle changes, evaluating approaches used to alter eating, smoking, and exercise habits. An analysis of the intuitive notion that screening for cancer leads to improved health outcomes, including a discussion of screening methods, potential risks, and current recommendations. An examination of cancer prevention and control opportunities in primary health care delivery settings, including a review of interventions aimed at improving provider performance. Reviews of professional education and training programs, research trends and opportunities, and federal programs that support cancer prevention and early detection. This in-depth volume will be of interest to policy analysts, cancer and public health specialists, health care administrators and providers, researchers, insurers, medical journalists, and patient advocates.
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Author: Ann Marie P. March
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Author: Linda A. Mayne
Author: Kavita Rajasekhar
Author: Catherine Michelle Royal Mulvihill
Author: National Research Council
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Author: Leslie Ann Snyder