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Author: Arnold F. Nikiforov Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3764373466 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 439
Book Description
This book studies the widely used theoretical models for calculating properties of hot dense matter. Calculations are illustrated by plots and tables, and they are compared with experimental results. The purpose is to help understanding of atomic physics in hot plasma and to aid in developing efficient and robust computer codes for calculating opacity and equations of state for arbitrary material in a wide range of temperatures and densities.
Author: Arnold F. Nikiforov Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3764373466 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 439
Book Description
This book studies the widely used theoretical models for calculating properties of hot dense matter. Calculations are illustrated by plots and tables, and they are compared with experimental results. The purpose is to help understanding of atomic physics in hot plasma and to aid in developing efficient and robust computer codes for calculating opacity and equations of state for arbitrary material in a wide range of temperatures and densities.
Author: Werner Ebeling Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319666371 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 571
Book Description
The aim of this book is the pedagogical exploration of the basic principles of quantum-statistical thermodynamics as applied to various states of matter – ranging from rare gases to astrophysical matter with high-energy density. The reader will learn in this work that thermodynamics and quantum statistics are still the concepts on which even the most advanced research is operating - despite of a flood of modern concepts, classical entities like temperature, pressure, energy and entropy are shown to remain fundamental. The physics of gases, plasmas and high-energy density matter is still a growing field and even though solids and liquids dominate our daily life, more than 99 percent of the visible Universe is in the state of gases and plasmas and the overwhelming part of matter exists at extreme conditions connected with very large energy densities, such as in the interior of stars. This text, combining material from lectures and advanced seminars given by the authors over many decades, is a must-have introduction and reference for both newcomers and seasoned researchers alike.
Author: Jacques Bauche Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319181475 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 386
Book Description
This book is devoted to the calculation of hot-plasma properties which generally requires a huge number of atomic data. It is the first book that combines information on the details of the basic atomic physics and its application to atomic spectroscopy with the use of the relevant statistical approaches. Information like energy levels, radiative rates, collisional and radiative cross-sections, etc., must be included in equilibrium or non-equilibrium models in order to describe both the atomic-population kinetics and the radiative properties. From the very large number of levels and transitions involved in complex ions, some statistical (global) properties emerge. The book presents a coherent set of concepts and compact formulas suitable for tractable and accurate calculations. The topics addressed are: radiative emission and absorption, and a dozen of other collisional and radiative processes; transition arrays between level ensembles (configurations, superconfigurations); effective temperatures of configurations, superconfigurations, and ions; charge-state distributions; radiative power losses and opacity. There are many numerical examples and comparisons with experiment presented throughout the book. The plasma properties described in this book are especially relevant to large nuclear fusion facilities such as the NIF (California) and the ITER (France), and to astrophysics. Methods relevant to the central-field configurational model are described in detail in the appendices: tensor-operator techniques, second-quantization formalism, statistical distribution moments, and the algebra of partition functions. Some extra tools are propensity laws, correlations, and fractals. These methods are applied to the analytical derivation of many properties, specially the global ones, through which the complexity is much reduced. The book is intended for graduate-level students, and for physicists working in the field.
Author: Vladimr E Fortov Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814749214 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 569
Book Description
The monograph presents a comparative analysis of different thermodynamic models of the equations of state. The basic ideological premises of the theoretical methods and the experiment are considered. The principal attention is on the description of states that are of greatest interest for the physics of high energy concentrations which are either already attained or can be reached in the near future in controlled terrestrial conditions, or are realized in astrophysical objects at different stages of their evolution. Ultra-extreme astrophysical and nuclear-physical applications are also analyzed where the thermodynamics of matter is affected substantially by relativism, high-power gravitational and magnetic fields, thermal radiation, transformation of nuclear particles, nucleon neutronization, and quark deconfinement. The book is intended for a wide range of specialists engaged in the study of the equations of state of matter and high energy density physics, as well as for senior students and postgraduates.
Author: Yuri Ralchenko Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319275143 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 220
Book Description
This book provides a compact yet comprehensive overview of recent developments in collisional-radiative (CR) modeling of laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. It describes advances across the entire field, from basic considerations of model completeness to validation and verification of CR models to calculation of plasma kinetic characteristics and spectra in diverse plasmas. Various approaches to CR modeling are presented, together with numerous examples of applications. A number of important topics, such as atomic models for CR modeling, atomic data and its availability and quality, radiation transport, non-Maxwellian effects on plasma emission, ionization potential lowering, and verification and validation of CR models, are thoroughly addressed. Strong emphasis is placed on the most recent developments in the field, such as XFEL spectroscopy. Written by leading international research scientists from a number of key laboratories, the book offers a timely summary of the most recent progress in this area. It will be a useful and practical guide for students and experienced researchers working in plasma spectroscopy, spectra simulations, and related fields.
Author: Frank Graziani Publisher: Springer Science & Business ISBN: 3319049127 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 294
Book Description
Warm Dense Matter (WDM) occupies a loosely defined region of phase space intermediate between solid, liquid, gas, and plasma, and typically shares characteristics of two or more of these phases. WDM is generally associated with the combination of strongly coupled ions and moderately degenerate electrons, and careful attention to quantum physics and electronic structure is essential. The lack of a small perturbation parameter greatly limits approximate attempts at its accurate description. Since WDM resides at the intersection of solid state and high energy density physics, many high energy density physics (HEDP) experiments pass through this difficult region of phase space. Thus, understanding and modeling WDM is key to the success of experiments on diverse facilities. These include the National Ignition Campaign centered on the National Ignition Facility (NIF), pulsed-power driven experiments on the Z machine, ion-beam-driven WDM experiments on the NDCX-II, and fundamental WDM research at the Linear Coherent Light Source (LCLS). Warm Dense Matter is also ubiquitous in planetary science and astrophysics, particularly with respect to unresolved questions concerning the structure and age of the gas giants, the nature of exosolar planets, and the cosmochronology of white dwarf stars. In this book we explore established and promising approaches to the modeling of WDM, foundational issues concerning the correct theoretical description of WDM, and the challenging practical issues of numerically modeling strongly coupled systems with many degrees of freedom.
Author: G. J. Tallents Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108318010 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 313
Book Description
Plasmas comprise more than 99% of the observable universe. They are important in many technologies and are key potential sources for fusion power. Atomic and radiation physics is critical for the diagnosis, observation and simulation of astrophysical and laboratory plasmas, and plasma physicists working in a range of areas from astrophysics, magnetic fusion, and inertial fusion utilise atomic and radiation physics to interpret measurements. This text develops the physics of emission, absorption and interaction of light in astrophysics and in laboratory plasmas from first principles using the physics of various fields of study including quantum mechanics, electricity and magnetism, and statistical physics. Linking undergraduate level atomic and radiation physics with the advanced material required for postgraduate study and research, this text adopts a highly pedagogical approach and includes numerous exercises within each chapter for students to reinforce their understanding of the key concepts.
Author: Vivek Bakshi Publisher: SPIE Press ISBN: 9780819458452 Category : Art Languages : en Pages : 1104
Book Description
This comprehensive volume, edited by a senior technical staff member at SEMATECH, is the authoritative reference book on EUV source technology. The volume contains 38 chapters contributed by leading researchers and suppliers in the EUV source field. Topics range from a state-of-the-art overview and in-depth explanation of EUV source requirements, to fundamental atomic data and theoretical models of EUV sources based on discharge-produced plasmas (DPP) and laser-produced plasmas, to a description of prominent DPP and LPP designs and other technologies for producing EUV radiation. Additional topics include EUV source metrology and components (collectors, electrodes), debris mitigation, and mechanisms of component erosion in EUV sources. The volume is intended to meet the needs of both practitioners of the technology and readers seeking an introduction to the subject.
Author: Mama Foupouagnigni Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030367444 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 683
Book Description
This book presents contributions of international and local experts from the African Institute for Mathematical Sciences (AIMS-Cameroon) and also from other local universities in the domain of orthogonal polynomials and applications. The topics addressed range from univariate to multivariate orthogonal polynomials, from multiple orthogonal polynomials and random matrices to orthogonal polynomials and Painlevé equations. The contributions are based on lectures given at the AIMS-Volkswagen Stiftung Workshop on Introduction of Orthogonal Polynomials and Applications held on October 5–12, 2018 in Douala, Cameroon. This workshop, funded within the framework of the Volkswagen Foundation Initiative "Symposia and Summer Schools", was aimed globally at promoting capacity building in terms of research and training in orthogonal polynomials and applications, discussions and development of new ideas as well as development and enhancement of networking including south-south cooperation.