Quantitative Studies on Potato Genotypes and Fodder Radish Varieties Resistant to the Rootknot Nematode Meloidogyne Chitwoodi PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789463437493
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154

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Author: Adrienne Marie Gorny
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 207

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Book Description
The Northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla, is an important soilborne pathogen of potato in New York State. Initial pathogen populations (Pi) are often inversely correlated with crop loss and damage, with the economic threshold representing the Pi likely to result in significant crop loss, thus justifying use of control tactics. However, the economic threshold for M. hapla in potato in New York State is not well understood. Furthermore, standard methods of enumerating populations of nematodes from soil are time consuming and error prone. This research sought to quantify the risk of crop loss associated with M. hapla Pi, and develop a DNA-based soil test for prediction of risk. A method for isolating nematode DNA from 100 g of soil using super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles was developed and tested using artificially inoculated soil and field collected samples. A species-specific, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay targeting the root-knot nematode effector gene 16D10 was developed for quantifying M. hapla. Spatial and spatiotemporal analysis of M. hapla and root-lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus spp., was conducted by intensively sampling three commercial potato fields in New York State. This informed enhanced sampling strategies and evaluated the potential for site-specific nematicide application. The influence of M. hapla Pi on crop loss was assessed by quantifying M. hapla Pi in commercial potato fields through manual extraction and a nested qPCR assay, and investigating associations with yield components. M. hapla Pi did not have a significant effect on total yield, number of tubers, tuber diameter, or tuber galling severity, suggesting the economic threshold for M. hapla in potato is higher than previously regarded (approximately 100 M. hapla second-stage juveniles (J2s) per 100 g soil), and/or tolerant cultivars were used. The response of the commercial potato cvs. Eva and Lamoka to differing Pi of M. hapla and P. penetrans was assessed through replicated field trials. Yield was not impacted even at the highest Pi tested (500 M. hapla J2s or 1,000 P. penetrans nematodes). These results will be used to guide future research to refine economic thresholds, explore advanced nematode management options, and assess potato cultivar susceptibility to plant-parasitic nematodes.

Author: Rully Dyah Purwati
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Potatoes
Languages : en
Pages : 194

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Author: Great Britain. Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 2

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Author: Sergei A. Subbotin
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004387587
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 871

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Book Description
This book is the first complete illustrated compendium of root-knot nematode species from the genus Meloidogyne including 97 species descriptions with comprehensive diagnoses, information on biology, plant-hosts, pathogenicity, symptoms, distribution and biochemical and molecular diagnostics.

Author: Pablo Castillo
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9047424018
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 549

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Book Description
Root-lesion nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus are recognised worldwide as one of the major constraints of crops of primary economic importance. Pratylenchus spp. comprises around 70 nominal species of worldwide distribution which parasitize a wide variety of plants. The book consists of ten chapters and presents summarised and specialised information concerning the importance of the Pratylenchus species in: agricultural crops, and their world distribution (chapter 1); taxonomy, systematic, general morphology and diagnostic traits of Pratylenchus spp. including new technologies based on biochemical and molecular analyses (chapters 2-6); biology, epidemiology, ecology, host-parasite relationships, and pathogenicity (chapters 7-9). Finally, it illustrates different management strategies for Pratylenchus species, including, crop rotation, host-plant resistance, chemical control, soil solarisation, and biological control (chapter 10).

Author: A. Ciancio
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402060610
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 366

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Book Description
This, the first volume of the ‘Integrated Management of Plant Pests and Diseases’ book series, presents general concepts on integrated pest and disease management. Section one includes chapters on infection models, resurgence and replacement, plant disease epidemiology and effects of climate change in tropical environments. The second section includes remote sensing and information technology. Finally, the third section covers molecular aspects of the subject.

Author: Yuri Dyakov
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080469337
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 497

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Book Description
This book offers a collection of information on successive steps of molecular 'dialogue' between plants and pathogens. It additionally presents data that reflects intrinsic logic of plant-parasite interactions. New findings discussed include: host and non-host resistance, specific and nonspecific elicitors, elicitors and suppressors, and plant and animal immunity. This book enables the reader to understand how to promote or prevent disease development, and allows them to systematize their own ideas of plant-pathogen interactions.* Offers a more extensive scope of the problem as compared to other books in the market* Presents data to allow consideration of host-parasite relationships in dynamics and reveals interrelations between pathogenicity and resistance factors* Discusses beneficial plant-microbe interactions and practical aspects of molecular investigations of plant-parasite relationships* Compares historical study of common and specific features of plant immunity with animal immunity

Author: J.E. Bradshaw
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387927654
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 304

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Book Description
It is important to include Tuber and Root Crops in the Handbook of Plant Breeding. They include starchy staple crops that are of increasing importance for global food security and relief of poverty, important millennium goals for the United Nations. Indeed, 2008 was the UN International Year of the Potato in recognition of this role of the potato as the world’s third most important food crop after wheat and rice. The other major staples are cassava, sweetpotato and yam. Together they occupy about 50 million hectares, with production at 640 million metric tons, of which 70% is in developing countries. In total there are more than 30 species of Root and Tuber Crops grown in the world today. Given the content of other volumes in the series, it makes sense to include sugar and fodder beets; swedes and turnips; and minor root and tuber crops so that the book series is as complete as possible. Like the other volumes in the series, this one will present information on the latest in applied plant breeding using the current advances in the field, from an efficient use of genetic resources to the impact of biotechnology in plant breeding. Seven crop specific chapters are proposed, together with an introduction to this diverse set of plant species. Outstanding scientists for each crop species are proposed as senior authors, who may invite co-authors to contribute part of a chapter. In order to increase the overall acceptance of the volume, balance will be sought with authors from different research groups/countries who will be asked to contribute and collaborate where appropriate. The book should be of interest to researchers in both academic and industrial settings, and in both developed and developing countries, as well as students and teachers of plant breeding. It is currently extremely important to educate and train a new generation of plant breeders given the challenges faced by humankind in producing more food for an expanding global population during a period of environmental (including climate) change.

Author: Roland N. Perry
Publisher: CABI
ISBN: 1800622422
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 661

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Book Description
Plant-parasitic nematodes are a major threat to crop production in all countries, and identification of nematodes and knowledge of their biology is of paramount importance. Providing a broad introduction to nematodes as plant parasites, this book begins by describing nematodes by genera, and then builds on this foundation to detail nematode biology and pest management, including resistance, and biological and chemical control. This 3rd edition is updated to address advances in our knowledge of plant-parasitic nematodes, particularly concerning the molecular aspects of host-parasite relationships, including the application of genomics to nematode biology. Changes in control and management strategies are also covered. The influence of climate change on plant-parasitic nematodes is addressed in a new chapter on ecology. Primarily aimed at students (MSc and PhD), this book is also invaluable for researchers and lecturers in nematology, plant pathology and parasitology, advisory and quarantine services, and crop protection scientists.