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Author: Lars Heide Publisher: JHU Press ISBN: 0801891434 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 377
Book Description
At a time when Internet use is closely tracked and social networking sites supply data for targeted advertising, Lars Heide presents the first academic study of the invention that fueled today’s information revolution: the punched card. Early punched cards helped to process the United States census in 1890. They soon proved useful in calculating invoices and issuing pay slips. As demand for more sophisticated systems and reading machines increased in both the United States and Europe, punched cards served ever-larger data-processing purposes. Insurance companies, public utilities, businesses, and governments all used them to keep detailed records of their customers, competitors, employees, citizens, and enemies. The United States used punched-card registers in the late 1930s to pay roughly 21 million Americans their Social Security pensions, Vichy France used similar technologies in an attempt to mobilize an army against the occupying German forces, and the Germans in 1941 developed several punched-card registers to make the war effort—and surveillance of minorities—more effective. Heide’s analysis of these three major punched-card systems, as well as the impact of the invention on Great Britain, illustrates how different cultures collected personal and financial data and how they adapted to new technologies. This comparative study will interest students and scholars from a wide range of disciplines, including the history of technology, computer science, business history, and management and organizational studies.
Author: Lars Heide Publisher: JHU Press ISBN: 0801891434 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 377
Book Description
At a time when Internet use is closely tracked and social networking sites supply data for targeted advertising, Lars Heide presents the first academic study of the invention that fueled today’s information revolution: the punched card. Early punched cards helped to process the United States census in 1890. They soon proved useful in calculating invoices and issuing pay slips. As demand for more sophisticated systems and reading machines increased in both the United States and Europe, punched cards served ever-larger data-processing purposes. Insurance companies, public utilities, businesses, and governments all used them to keep detailed records of their customers, competitors, employees, citizens, and enemies. The United States used punched-card registers in the late 1930s to pay roughly 21 million Americans their Social Security pensions, Vichy France used similar technologies in an attempt to mobilize an army against the occupying German forces, and the Germans in 1941 developed several punched-card registers to make the war effort—and surveillance of minorities—more effective. Heide’s analysis of these three major punched-card systems, as well as the impact of the invention on Great Britain, illustrates how different cultures collected personal and financial data and how they adapted to new technologies. This comparative study will interest students and scholars from a wide range of disciplines, including the history of technology, computer science, business history, and management and organizational studies.
Author: Mark Wolf Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1315442663 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 831
Book Description
While so many books on technology look at new advances and digital technologies, The Routledge Companion to Media Technology and Obsolescence looks back at analog technologies that are disappearing, considering their demise and what it says about media history, pop culture, and the nature of nostalgia. From card catalogs and typewriters to stock tickers and cathode ray tubes, contributors examine the legacy of analog technologies, including those, like vinyl records, that may be experiencing a resurgency. Each essay includes a brief history of the technology leading up to its peak, an analysis of the reasons for its decline, and a discussion of its influence on newer technologies.
Author: Lars Heide Publisher: JHU Press ISBN: 0801898722 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 377
Book Description
At a time when Internet use is closely tracked and social networking sites supply data for targeted advertising, Lars Heide presents the first academic study of the invention that fueled today’s information revolution: the punched card. Early punched cards helped to process the United States census in 1890. They soon proved useful in calculating invoices and issuing pay slips. As demand for more sophisticated systems and reading machines increased in both the United States and Europe, punched cards served ever-larger data-processing purposes. Insurance companies, public utilities, businesses, and governments all used them to keep detailed records of their customers, competitors, employees, citizens, and enemies. The United States used punched-card registers in the late 1930s to pay roughly 21 million Americans their Social Security pensions, Vichy France used similar technologies in an attempt to mobilize an army against the occupying German forces, and the Germans in 1941 developed several punched-card registers to make the war effort—and surveillance of minorities—more effective. Heide’s analysis of these three major punched-card systems, as well as the impact of the invention on Great Britain, illustrates how different cultures collected personal and financial data and how they adapted to new technologies. This comparative study will interest students and scholars from a wide range of disciplines, including the history of technology, computer science, business history, and management and organizational studies.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9781916412132 Category : Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
Data used to be physical. In an era when 1s and 0s seem to hover above our heads, 'Print Punch' returns to the heyday of the punch card?to a time when you could touch (and punch) data. The aesthetics of this early move towards automation represent a unique moment in our history, when we designed for machines instead of human beings. Rigorous constraints, inherent in punch card technology, unwittingly birthed a coherent design language: rhythm in grids, punched absences and presences, and the patterns in them dancing to their own machine logic. Now obsolete, punch cards were the primary method of data storage and processing from the 1890s until the late 1970s; spanning almost a century of ubiquitous utility, the artefacts of that era sit between these pages to be examined anew.0Featuring over 200 punch cards, 150 archival images and essays by Steven E Jones, Sandra Rendgen and John L Walters.
Author: Marvin E. Brooking Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic data processing Languages : en Pages : 32
Book Description
The 120-cell Punched-card Modifiable Logic Array is a repetitive eight-neighbor array of identical NAND gates that can be organized into different data processing subsystems. The signal interconnections between gates are controlled through punched-card operation; any subset of eight-neighbor connections can be made. This versatile and flexible logic array was fabricated for evaluating and verifying cellular logic concepts that appear to have utility for multipurpose or multifunctional arrays. Such arrays could be used in Air Force signal or data processing systems to enhance their flexibility. The array is described, the mode of interconnection control is outlined, and an example of the implementation of a ring oscillator and binary counter chain is presented. (Author).
Author: Lars Heide
Author: Lars Heide
Author: United States. National Bureau of Standards
Author: Benjamin Nelson
Author: Wallace John Eckert
Author: S. L. Hood
Author: Robert S. Casey
Author: Mark Wolf
Author: Lars Heide
Author: 
Author: Marvin E. Brooking