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Author: Gunnar S. Eskeland Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 38
Book Description
Pigou's conjecture was that under costly taxation public expenditures should not reach the point where marginal benefits equal marginal costs. In the treatment here, public expenditures (and environmental protection) may provide public goods for consumption but also collective inputs for production. When the benefits are in production, the cost of funds is irrelevant. Why? Collective inputs benefit goods that are taxed, while for public goods the shadow price of funds reduces provision as if they were.
Author: Gunnar S. Eskeland Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 38
Book Description
Pigou's conjecture was that under costly taxation public expenditures should not reach the point where marginal benefits equal marginal costs. In the treatment here, public expenditures (and environmental protection) may provide public goods for consumption but also collective inputs for production. When the benefits are in production, the cost of funds is irrelevant. Why? Collective inputs benefit goods that are taxed, while for public goods the shadow price of funds reduces provision as if they were.
Author: Thomas Michael Power Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317472608 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 255
Book Description
This text takes issue with the notion that economic well-being of people derives only from quantitatively expanding commercial business activity. It argues that economic qualities flow from the natural and social environment, and that they are public, not private, in character.
Author: Piotr Krajewski Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The article analyzes the impact of public environmental protection expenditure on economic growth. Estimating the strength of this relationship is of particular importance in the context of the recent global economic crisis. The paper is organized as follows. Firstly, theoretical model showing the mechanism of public environmental protection expenditure impact on GDP is presented. Then the results of an empirical study are shown. The study is conducted for the eleven countries of Central Europe. Econometric panel model is applied, which takes into account both time and cross-sectional dimension of the analyzed phenomenon, because, as indicated in the article, relying only on the variation over time may lead to misleading conclusions. The estimations based on panel model, conducted for the years 2001-2012, shows that the increase in public environmental protection expenditure has a positive effect on economic growth. Due to the fact that the analyzed period is heterogeneous, that is it covers both the period before the global economic crisis, and during its lifetime, calculations were also performed for two sub-periods. Results reveal that public environmental protection expenditure has stronger influence on GDP during crisis. Hence, the study shows that public environmental protection expenditure have no negative impact on economic growth, and its positive effects are strongest in case of economies affected by the global financial crisis.
Author: Howard G. Schaller Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317310993 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 213
Book Description
In 1962, the Committee on Urban Economics held a conference on public expenditure decisions in order to promote analysis of the issues facing the public sector of the urban economy. Originally published in 1965, this report pulls together key papers presented at this conference discussing issues such as urban services, the patterns of public expenditure and the quality of government services in urban areas to draw conclusions on the difficulties of analysis and how economic tools could be utilised more effectively to solve these difficulties. This title will be of interest to students of environmental studies and economics.
Author: Andrew Jordan Publisher: Earthscan ISBN: 1849771227 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 376
Book Description
This second and fully revised edition brings together some of the most influential work on the theory and practice of contemporary EU environmental policy. Comprising five comprehensive parts, it includes in-depth case studies of contemporary policy issues such as climate change, genetically modified organisms and trans-Atlantic relations, as well as an assessment of how well the EU is responding to new challenges such as enlargement, environmental policy integration and sustainability. The book's aim is to look forward and ask whether the EU is prepared or even able to respond to the 'new' governance challenges posed by the perceived need to use 'new' policy instruments and processes to 'mainstream' environmental thinking in all EU policy sectors.
Author: Gunnar S. Eskeland
Author: Gunnar S. Eskeland
Author: Gunnar S. Eskeland
Author: Israel. Lishkah ha-merkazit li-sṭaṭisṭiḳah
Author: Thomas Michael Power
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works
Author: Piotr Krajewski
Author: 
Author: Howard G. Schaller
Author: Andrew Jordan
Author: Statistical Office of the European Communities