Pubertal Timing as a Moderator of the Associations Between Parental Restrictiveness and Adolescent Alcohol Abuse PDF Download

Author: Daniel J. Dickson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : High school students
Languages : en
Pages : 73

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Book Description
Adolescent alcohol abuse increases across the adolescent years. If left unchecked, alcohol abuse can give rise to delinquency, poor grades, and risky sexual behavior (Stueve & O' Donnell, 2005 ; Ellickson, Tucker, & Klein, 2003). Past research suggests that minimal parental oversight increases the risk for adolescent alcohol abuse. There is also evidence, however, that parents withdraw from oversight in the face of adolescent problem behaviors (Barber & Olsen, 1997; Hafen & Laursen, 2009). Each may vary according to the child's physical development. Parents may respond to pubertal maturation with reduced supervision and early maturing girls may be sensitive to parent supervision because of the additional pressures and attention they receive from older, possibly deviant, peers (Stattin, Kerr, & Skoog, 2011). The present investigation will test parent-driven and child-driven models of associations between parental restrictiveness and adolescent alcohol abuse. The parent-driven model assumes that parental restrictiveness predicts changes in adolescent alcohol abuse. The child-driven model assumes that adolescent alcohol abuse predicts changes in parental restrictiveness. Moderated models will be considered, whereby parent-driven and child-driven effects are moderated by pubertal timing. Trajectories of parental restrictiveness and adolescent alcohol abuse were explored in a community sample of Swedish adolescent girls across grades 7 to 10. Parallel process growth curves were used to determine if the initial level of parental restrictiveness predicted the rate of change in adolescent alcohol abuse and if the initial level of adolescent alcohol abuse predicted the rate of change in parental restrictiveness. Multiple group analyses determined if patterns of associations were stronger among early maturing girls than among on-time and late maturing girls. Results revealed that from grade 7 to grade 10, parental restrictiveness linearly decreased and adolescent alcohol abuse linearly increased. For all girls, higher initial alcohol abuse predicted greater declines in parental restrictiveness over time. For early maturing girls (only), lower initial parental restrictiveness predicted greater increases in alcohol abuse over time. Implications of this study are framed in terms their potential contributions to theories of female pubertal maturation. Low parental restrictiveness early in adolescence appears to be a risk factor for the development of alcohol abuse throughout adolescence among early maturing girls. Non-restrictive parents may fail to prevent early maturing girls from socializing with deviant peers - a mechanism that may drive the growth of alcohol abuse.

Author: Juliet Rogers Bradley
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781124240596
Category : Anxiety in adolescence
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Research indicates that anxiety and alcohol use are present during adolescence, and are often stable over time. Studies also have found a relationship between anxiety and alcohol use in adolescents, and family and peer factors have been found to buffer adolescents from these two constructs. However, studies have not examined the ways in which family and peer factors moderate the relationship between anxiety and alcohol use in adolescents, and a paucity of studies have explored the impact of gender and race. Utilizing three theories, The Ecological Risk/Protective Theory, The Interactional Theory of Delinquency, and the Stress-Buffering Hypothesis, this study examined the stability of anxiety and alcohol use over time, the bidirectional relationship between anxiety and alcohol use, and whether family (parental communication, family satisfaction, parental limit setting) and/or peer factors (social support from a close friend, social competence) moderate the relationship between anxiety and alcohol use. The impact of gender and race was also investigated. Data for this dissertation were drawn from a five year longitudinal study, The Adolescent Adjustment Project. This study used data collected in Waves 2 and 3 from a sample of 559 Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic adolescents. Results from a correlation matrix and hierarchical regression analyses indicated that anxiety remained stable for the overall sample, both genders, and all three races, alcohol use remained stable for the overall sample, boys, and Caucasians, there was a relationship between anxiety and alcohol use in boys, and parental limit setting predicted future alcohol use in boys. There were no family and peer factors that moderated the relationship between anxiety and alcohol use. Practitioners working with adolescents need to consider the impact of gender and race on anxiety and alcohol use, and future research should continue to explore the moderating impact of family and peer factors on the relationship between these constructs.

Author: Robert A. Zucker
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190673869
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 704

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Book Description
Adolescent substance abuse is the nation's #1 public health problem. It originates out of a developmental era where experimentation with the world is increasingly taking place, and where major changes in physical self and social relationships are taking place. These changes cannot be understood by any one discipline nor can they be described by focusing only on the behavioral and social problems of this age period, the characteristics of normal development, or the pharmacology and addictive potential of specific drugs. They require knowledge of the brain's systems of reward and control, genetics, psychopharmacology, personality, child development, psychopathology, family dynamics, peer group relationships, culture, social policy, and more. Drawing on the expertise of the leading researchers in this field, this Handbook provides the most comprehensive summarization of current knowledge about adolescent substance abuse. The Handbook is organized into eight sections covering the literature on the developmental context of this life period, the epidemiology of adolescent use and abuse, similarities and differences in use, addictive potential, and consequences of use for different drugs; etiology and course as characterized at different levels of mechanistic analysis ranging from the genetic and neural to the behavioural and social. Two sections cover the clinical ramifications of abuse, and prevention and intervention strategies to most effectively deal with these problems. The Handbook's last section addresses the role of social policy in framing the problem, in addressing it, and explores its potential role in alleviating it.

Author: Richard M. Lerner
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780470479193
Category : Adolescent psychology
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
This multidisciplinary handbook, edited by the premier scholars in the field, reflects the empirical work and growth in the field of adolescent psychology.

Author: Patti M. Valkenburg
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 0300218877
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 341

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Book Description
Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Youth and Media -- 2 Then and Now -- 3 Themes and Theoretical Perspectives -- 4 Infants, Toddlers, and Preschoolers -- 5 Children -- 6 Adolescents -- 7 Media and Violence -- 8 Media and Emotions -- 9 Advertising and Commercialism -- 10 Media and Sex -- 11 Media and Education -- 12 Digital Games -- 13 Social Media -- 14 Media and Parenting -- 15 The End -- Notes -- Acknowledgments -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- Z

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309496772
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 195

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Book Description
Adolescence is a critical growth period in which youth develop essential skills that prepare them for adulthood. Prevention and intervention programs are designed to meet the needs of adolescents who require additional support and promote healthy behaviors and outcomes. To ensure the success of these efforts, it is essential that they include reliably identifiable techniques, strategies, or practices that have been proven effective. Promoting Positive Adolescent Health Behaviors and Outcomes: Thriving in the 21st Century identifies key program factors that can improve health outcomes related to adolescent behavior and provides evidence-based recommendations toward effective implementation of federal programming initiatives. This study explores normative adolescent development, the current landscape of adolescent risk behavior, core components of effective programs focused on optimal health, and recommendations for research, programs, and policies.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nicotine addiction
Languages : en
Pages : 22

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Book Description
This booklet for schools, medical personnel, and parents contains highlights from the 2012 Surgeon General's report on tobacco use among youth and teens (ages 12 through 17) and young adults (ages 18 through 25). The report details the causes and the consequences of tobacco use among youth and young adults by focusing on the social, environmental, advertising, and marketing influences that encourage youth and young adults to initiate and sustain tobacco use. This is the first time tobacco data on young adults as a discrete population have been explored in detail. The report also highlights successful strategies to prevent young people from using tobacco.

Author: Theodore P. Beauchaine
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199324689
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 545

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Book Description
Recent developments in the conceptualization of externalizing spectrum disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and substance use disorders, suggest common genetic and neural substrates. Despite this, neither shared vulnerabilities nor their implications for developmental models of externalizing conduct are captured by prevailing nosologic and diagnostic systems, such as the DSM-5. The Oxford Handbook of Externalizing Spectrum Disorders is the first book of its kind to capture the developmental psychopathology of externalizing spectrum disorders by examining causal factors across levels of analysis and developmental epochs, while departing from the categorical perspective. World renowned experts on externalizing psychopathology demonstrate how shared genetic and neural vulnerabilities predispose to trait impulsivity, a highly heritable personality construct that is often shaped by adverse environments into increasingly intractable forms of externalizing conduct across development. Consistent with contemporary models of almost all forms of psychopathology, the Handbook emphasizes the importance of neurobiological vulnerability and environmental risk interactions in the expression of externalizing behavior across the lifespan. The volume concludes with an integrative, ontogenic process model of externalizing psychopathology in which diverse equifinal and multifinal pathways to disorder are specified.

Author: Sharon Lamb
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108120806
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 864

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Book Description
The Cambridge Handbook of Sexual Development is a carefully curated conversation that brings together the top researchers in child and adolescent sexual development to redefine the issues, conflicts, and debates in the field. The Handbook is organized around three foundational questions: first, what is sexual development? Second, how do we study sexual development? And third, what roles might adults - including the institutions of the media, family, and education - play in the sexual development of children and adolescents? As the first of its kind, this collection integrates work from sociology, psychology, anthropology, history, education, cultural studies, and allied fields. Writing from different disciplinary traditions and about a range of international contexts, the contributors explore the role of sexuality in children's and adolescents' everyday experiences of identity, family, school, neighborhood, religion, and popular media.

Author: Wendy S. Grolnick
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1135659834
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 209

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Book Description
What is parental control? Is it positive or negative for children? What makes parents controlling with their children, even when they value supporting children's autonomy? Are there alternatives to control and how might we apply them in important domains of children's lives, such as school and sports? This book addresses these and other questions about the meaning and predictors of parental control, as well as its consequences for children's adjustment and well-being. While the topic of parental control is not new, there has been controversy about the concept, with some researchers and clinicians weighing in on the side of control and others against it. This book argues that part of the controversy stems from different uses of the term, with some investigators focusing more on parents being in control and others on controlling children. Using a definition of control as "pressure for children to think, feel, or behave in specific ways," the author explores research on parental control, arguing that there is more consensus than previously thought. Using this research base, the author provides evidence that parental control can be subtle and can lurk within many "positive" parenting approaches; parental control undermines the very behaviors we wish to inculcate in our children; providing autonomy support--the opposite of control--is a challenge, even when parents are committed to doing so. With controversy in the literature about parental control and attention in the media on the ways in which parents step over the control line (e.g., screaming on the soccer sidelines, pressuring children in academics), this book is especially timely. It provides an empathic view of how easily parents can become trapped in controlling styles by emphasizing performance and hooking their own self-esteem on children's performance. Examples of how this can happen in academic, sporting, and peer situations with their emphasis on competition and hierarchy are provided, as well as strategies for parenting in highly involved but autonomy supportive ways. A highly readable yet research-based treatment of the topic of parental control, this book: *explores the controversial topic of parental control; addresses controversy about the positive and negative effects of parental control; and disentangles various parenting concepts, such as involvement, structure, and control; *illustrates how control can be overt, such as in the use of corporal punishment or covert, as in the use of controlling praise; *provides evidence that control may produce compliance in children preventing them from initiating and taking responsibility for their own behavior; *explores why parents are controlling with their children, including environmental and economic stresses and strains, characteristics of children that "pull" for control, and factors in parents' own psychologies that lead them to be "hooked" on children's performance; and *provides examples of control in the areas of academics and sports--the hierarchical and competitive nature of these domains is seen as contributing to parents' tendencies to become controlling in these areas.