Author: Bernadette Anne PistonePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Breast
Languages : en
Pages : 444
Book Description
Psychosocial Distress and Perceived Risk as Predictors of Screening Mammography in Women at Risk for Familial Breast Cancer
Author: Bernadette Anne PistonePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Breast
Languages : en
Pages : 444
Book Description
Exploring Women's Perceptions of Their Risk of Developing Breast Cancer
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 131
Book Description
The study described perceived breast cancer risk compared subjective and objective risk estimates and examined the influence of heuristic reasoning in women's narratives. The survey used three probability scales (Verbal Comparative Numerical) and the Gail model to measure perceived and objective risk. Aim 3 was addressed with argument and heuristic reasoning analysis. We recruited a multicultural educated sample of 184 English-speaking women from community settings. Fifty four provided an in-depth interview. Participants held an optimistic bias regarding their breast cancer risk (comparative optimism and better-than-average) and underestimated their objective risk calculated with the Gail model. Breast cancer worry was a significant predictor of breast cancer risk. Better-educated and higher-income women reported lower levels of worry while Black women were more likely than Asian and White women to report higher levels of worry but not higher levels of perceived risk. Most participants did not know that older age is a breast cancer risk factor and older women did not perceive higher risk. These findings imply that women's knowledge of breast cancer risk factors was incomplete despite their high educational level. Age and family history are independent predictors of sporadic and hereditary/familial breast cancer risk; yet women could not distinguish between the two forms of the disease. Most participants (70%) were adherent to mammography and clinical breast exam (CBE) screening guidelines which can be attributed to high access to screening services and efforts from health care providers. Age having health insurance and higher 5-year Gail scores were significant predictors of frequency of screening mammograms and CBEs. Distrust of the health system was the single most important predictor of predisposition to use health services which in turn was another significant predictor of screening mammograms and CBEs.
Exploring Perceived Breast Cancer Risk
Author: Maria KatapodiPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Breast
Languages : en
Pages : 308
Book Description
The Influence of Breast Cancer Risk Level and Perceived Risk on Psychological Distress and Perceived Screening Pain Among Women Attending Mammography Screening
Author: Yonathan StranoAcceptance of Referral for Cancer-Risk Counseling in Population of Women Undergoing Breast Biopsy: Variables Predicting Followup at a Cancer Genetics Program
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
This study was designed to demonstrate the utility of brief quantitative risk assessment in breast care clinical settings as a method of referral to cancer risk counseling. We examined factors that influence the decision to undergo cancer risk counseling after the referral is made. We developed a computerized program, BRISK, that calculates interval breast cancer risks using the Gail and Claus epidemiological models, and BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation probabilities using the Couch, Shattuck-Eidens, Frank, and BRCAPRO models. Questionnaires assessing psychological status, and knowledge and attitudes about breast cancer, cancer risk counseling, and genetic testing were used to identify predictors of referral uptake. Of the 120 subjects in the biopsy setting, 53% had breast cancer risk>- twice the population risk as measured by the epidemiological models. Of the 91 women in the treatment selling, 47% had a BRCA mutation risk>- 10%. Uptake of referral was low in the biopsy group (1/63), but higher in the treatment group (13/43). Predictors of uptake included family history of cancer, interest in family risks, high income, psychological disturbance, and perceived risk. Barriers included lack of time, cost, and fear of insurance discrimination. However, 81% thought brief risk assessment should be routine, suggesting annual mammography or OB/GYN visits as the most effective selling. Brief breast cancer risk assessment is easily incorporated into clinical settings and is well-accepted by most patients. It can be utilized not only for management of individuals, but also for public health intervention, resource allocation, and targeted research.
Perception of Risk and Surveillance Practices for Women with a Family History of Breast Cancer
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 14
Book Description
IN THIS STUDY, A RETROSPECTIVE, DESCRIPTIVE DESIGN WAS EMPLOYED TO EXAMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEPTION OF RISK AND SURVEILLANCE ACTIVITIES (MAMMOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL BREAST EXAMINATION) OF WOMEN WITH A FAMILY HISTORY OF BREAST CANCER. The Revised Susceptibility, Benefits, and Barriers Scale for Mammography Screening, the CES-D, and a demographic form were administered to a convenience sample of 56 women. There were no significant findings between perceived risk and screening, nor between age or depressive symptoms with perceived risk or screening behaviors. Women with post-secondary qualifications were found to be more likely to obtain regular mammograms (X2 =7.423, df= 1, p =0.006). The level of depressive symptomology was high with 34.5% of participants scoring> 16 on the CES-D.A substantial portion of participants reported depressive symptoms at a level associated with clinically significant levels of depression. Women over age 50 reported significantly more depressive symptoms (t =2.279, p .027). Overall perceived risk was not found to have an association with screening, however depression should be considered more closely when dealing with women with higher-than-average risk of breast cancer.
Enhancing Positive Reactions to Breast Cancer Risk Appraisal
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 134
Book Description
Breast cancer screening is currently the most reasonable strategy for reducing the impact of breast cancer on women. However, increased perceived risk and psychological distress have been associated with lower screening rates. Thus, this study seeks to: (1) assess the psychological distress of 350 women ages 50 to 85 who receive breast cancer risk appraisal and randomization to immediate or delayed group psychosocial counseling (2) assess their breast cancer screening behaviors over 2 years; (3) evaluate the degree of association between perceived and estimated risk of breast cancer; (4) describe short-term psychological reactions to breast cancer risk appraisal; and (5) describe their sense of coherence, coping style, other health-related behaviors, social support, and perceived quality of life. This study will provide important information about women's reactions to breast cancer risk appraisal and ways to enhance positive health behaviors. In the first grant year, study personnel have been hired and trained. Recruitment, scheduling, mailing, participant tracking, and data collection materials and strategies have been developed. Intervention materials for the risk appraisal and group counseling session have been developed with focus group input and will be utilized with the first group of participants in Spring 1996.
The Impact of Genetic Counselling for Familial Breast Cancer on Women's Psychological Distress, Risk Perception and Understanding of BRCA Testing
Author: Diana ElliottPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : BRCA genes
Languages : en
Pages : 262
Book Description
[Truncated abstract] Background: A review of the literature indicated there was a need for more long-term randomised controlled studies on the effects of BRCA counselling/testing on high risk women, including improved strategies for risk communication. Reviews have also shown women are confused about the significance of inconclusive or non informative results with a need for more research in this area. Aims: The general aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of breast cancer genetic counselling on psychological distress levels, perception of risk, genetic knowledge and understanding of BRCA testing/test results in a cohort of 207 women from high risk breast cancer families who were referred for genetic counselling in Perth during the period 1997 to 2001. Short- and long-term impact of BRCA genetic counselling/testing was determined in women with and without cancer in a randomised controlled trial as part of which women were randomised to either receive immediate versus delayed genetic counselling. This included family communication patterns before BRCA testing, anticipated outcomes of testing on oneself and family including intentions for result disclosure. Comprehension of index and predictive BRCA testing with possible results was assessed both in the short- and the long-term and understanding of individual or family BRCA test results was evaluated at long-term. The effect of genetic counselling on breast cancer risk perception in unaffected women was evaluated. This study considered a theoretical framework of educational learning theories to provide a basis for risk communication with possible relevance for future research. ... Only 25% of the original study population (52/207) reported BRCA results and women's understanding of results is concerning. Key findings were: 1. The majority of affected women received an inconclusive result. 2. Out of twelve unaffected women who reported results, seven were inconclusive which are not congruent with predictive testing. This implies that these women did not understand their test result. 3. A minority of untested relatives did not know whether a family mutation had or had not been found in their tested family member or what their actual test result was. This implies either a lack of disclosure or that woman did not understand the rationale for and significance of testing for a family mutation. 4. Three relatives did not understand a positive result was a mutation. Conclusion: The implication of this research for breast cancer counselling and testing services is that women who wait for counselling are no worse off in terms of short- or long-term general psychological distress than women who receive the intervention early. There is a suggestion that unaffected women without the disease found counselling more advantageous than affected women. The meaning of BRCA results as reported by women is concerning particularly women's understanding of negative and inconclusive results and further research is needed in this area. Too much information presented at counselling may affect women's comprehension of risk, BRCA testing and future test results and further research is required to evaluate the effects of information overload.
Breast Cancer Screening Behaviours and Outcomes in Women with a Family History of Breast And/or Ovarian Cancer in Ontario
Author: Meghan Jane WalkerMeeting Psychosocial Needs of Women with Breast Cancer
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309091292
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 289
Book Description
In Meeting Psychosocial Needs of Women with Breast Cancer, the National Cancer Policy Board of the Institute of Medicine examines the psychosocial consequences of the cancer experience. The book focuses specifically on breast cancer in women because this group has the largest survivor population (over 2 million) and this disease is the most extensively studied cancer from the standpoint of psychosocial effects. The book characterizes the psychosocial consequences of a diagnosis of breast cancer, describes psychosocial services and how they are delivered, and evaluates their effectiveness. It assesses the status of professional education and training and applied clinical and health services research and proposes policies to improve the quality of care and quality of life for women with breast cancer and their families. Because cancer of the breast is likely a good model for cancer at other sites, recommendations for this cancer should be applicable to the psychosocial care provided generally to individuals with cancer. For breast cancer, and indeed probably for any cancer, the report finds that psychosocial services can provide significant benefits in quality of life and success in coping with serious and life-threatening disease for patients and their families.