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Author: Michael Brian Orger Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 298
Book Description
A central goal of neuroscience is to understand the neural basis of behavior. The zebrafish is a vertebrate model system that allows behavior to be studied using both systems and molecular genetic approaches. Here we present a psychophysical and genetic analysis of optomotor behavior in zebrafish larvae. By applying psychophysical methods developed for primates to zebrafish we have demonstrated than motion detection in zebrafish uses mechanisms that are broadly similar to humans. The larvae are susceptible to visual illusions that indicate that they detect Fourier motion energy in visual scenes. They also respond to non-Fourier motion, an ability that is believed to depend on visual cortex in humans. Different visual behaviors in the fish use different chromatic information. The optomotor response, in particular, is colorblind and pools signals from longer wavelength cones, while excluding shorter wavelength inputs. Motion processing seems to be functionally similar between higher and lower vertebrates despite large differences in neuroanatomy. Using an automated assay, we have conducted a large-scale genetic screen for recessive mutants affecting the optomotor response. Testing these mutants with a battery of behavioral assays allows us to categorize them into motor and visual system mutants, as well as some that are specific to the optomotor response. Many have normal visual system anatomy, but some are missing specific cell-types or have defects in axon target selection.
Author: Michael Brian Orger Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 298
Book Description
A central goal of neuroscience is to understand the neural basis of behavior. The zebrafish is a vertebrate model system that allows behavior to be studied using both systems and molecular genetic approaches. Here we present a psychophysical and genetic analysis of optomotor behavior in zebrafish larvae. By applying psychophysical methods developed for primates to zebrafish we have demonstrated than motion detection in zebrafish uses mechanisms that are broadly similar to humans. The larvae are susceptible to visual illusions that indicate that they detect Fourier motion energy in visual scenes. They also respond to non-Fourier motion, an ability that is believed to depend on visual cortex in humans. Different visual behaviors in the fish use different chromatic information. The optomotor response, in particular, is colorblind and pools signals from longer wavelength cones, while excluding shorter wavelength inputs. Motion processing seems to be functionally similar between higher and lower vertebrates despite large differences in neuroanatomy. Using an automated assay, we have conducted a large-scale genetic screen for recessive mutants affecting the optomotor response. Testing these mutants with a battery of behavioral assays allows us to categorize them into motor and visual system mutants, as well as some that are specific to the optomotor response. Many have normal visual system anatomy, but some are missing specific cell-types or have defects in axon target selection.
Author: Robert T. Gerlai Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 012817529X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 616
Book Description
Behavioral and Neural Genetics of Zebrafish assembles the state-of-the-art methodologies and current concepts pertinent to their neurobehavioral genetics. Discussing their natural behavior, motor function, learning and memory, this book focuses on the fry and adult zebrafish, featuring a comprehensive account of modern genetic and neural methods adapted to, or specifically developed for, Danio rerio. Numerous examples of how these behavioral methods may be utilized for disease models using the zebrafish are presented, as is a section on bioinformatics and "big-data" related questions. Provides the most comprehensive snapshot of the fast-evolving zebrafish neurobehavior genetics field Describes behavioral, genetic and neural methods and concepts for use in adult and larval zebrafish Features examples of zebrafish models of human central nervous system disorders Discusses bioinformatics questions pertinent to zebrafish neurobehavioral genetics
Author: Matt Smear Publisher: ISBN: Category : Neurosciences Languages : en Pages : 252
Book Description
It is unclear whether the properties of neuronal circuits beyond the retina limit the spatial and temporal resolution of vision. The kinetics of neurotransmission at central synapses should limit an animal's ability to see rapid movements. Accurate retinotopy should be essential for the perception of fine spatial detail. We have tested these predictions using the zebrafish blumenkohl (blu) mutant. Positional cloning revealed that the blu gene encodes vglut2a, a vesicular glutamate transporter expressed by retinal ganglion cells. blu mutants' retinotectal synapses show diminished responses to high frequency electrical stimulation, which should reduce the visibility of fast-moving visual stimuli. Single retinal axons in blu mutants arborize over a larger area in the tectum, blurring the fine detail of the retinotopic map, which should compromise spatial acuity. We tested these hypotheses using assays for optomotor responses and prey capture. Our study provides experimental support for previously untested principles of sensory coding.
Author: H. William Detrich III Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0123751616 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 399
Book Description
Due to its prolific reproduction and the external development of the transparent embryo, the zebrafish is the prime model for genetic and developmental studies, as well as research in genomics. While genetically distant from humans, nonetheless the vertebrate zebrafish has comparable organs and tissues that make it the model organism for study of vertebrate development.This book, one of two new volumes in the Reliable Lab Solutions series dealing with zebrafish, brings together a robust and up-to-date collection of time-tested methods presented by the world’s leading scientists. Culled from previously published chapters in Methods in Cell Biology and updated by the original authors where relevant, it provides a comprehensive collection of protocols describing the most widely used techniques relevant to the study of zebrafish genetics and genomics. The methods in this volume were hand-selected by the editors, whose goal was to a provide a handy and cost-effective collection of fail-safe methods, tips, and "tricks of the trade" to both experienced researchers and more junior members in the lab. Provides busy researchers a quick reference for time-tested methods and protocols that really work, updated where possible by the original authors Gives pragmatic wisdom to the non-specialist from experts in the field with years of experience with trial and error
Author: Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080522513 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 713
Book Description
This volume of Methods in Cell Biology, the second of two parts on the subject of zebrafish, provides a comprehensive compendia of laboratory protocols and reviews covering all the new methods developed since 1999. This second volume covers advances in forward and reverse genetic techniques, provides an update on the zebrafish genome and gene/mutant mapping technologies, examines the new systems for efficient transgenesis in the zebrafish, provides an in-depth view of informatics and the emerging field of comparative genomics, and considers the extensive infrastructure now available to the zebrafish community. * Details state-of-the art zebrafish protocols, delineating critical steps in the procedures as well as potential pitfalls * Illustrates many techiques in full-color * Summarizes the Zebrafish Genome Project
Author: Sebastian Dworkin Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 1071635859 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 244
Book Description
This volume will serve as a guide for students in the field of neurobiology, and be a bridge between basic science researchers, doctors, and surgeons in clinical practice. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Neurobiology: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.
Author: Thomas J. Carew Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780471977025 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 346
Book Description
At the turn of the century, the pioneering neuroscientist Ramon y Cajal articulated the hypothesis that growth processes involved in the development of the central nervous system may persist into adulthood, where they might be retained to mediate the formation and maintenance of memory. Over the decades since Cajal s seminal suggestion, extensive experimental attention has been directed at elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying both neuronal development and learning and memory. Many exciting technical and conceptual advances have been made on each front. Thus, as we approach the end of this century, the field is now poised to assess the status of Cajal s provocative hypothesis directly. This volume reflects a highly interdisciplinary dialog among experts in the fields of development and learning and memory, who came together not only to assess the validity of the general hypotheses that development and learning might share mechanistic features, but also to identify issues, preparations, and paradigms that would allow for a rigorous evaluation of ways to advance the hypothesis, on the one hand, and determine its fundamental limitations, on the other. Towards this end, the volume is organized into four levels of analysis: behavioral, systems, cellular, and molecular. At each level, neuroscientists from the general fields of development and learning engage in lively exchange of ideas which serve to highlight the similarities and differences of both the concepts and the experimental approaches used in their diverse fields. The result of this endeavor is a collection of seminal chapters and summary reports that provide a novel synthesis of important advances in two exciting areas of modern neuroscience. Goal of this Dahlem Workshop: to evaluate the validity of the general thesis that mechanisms utilized in the development of the nervous system are reutilized in the adult to mediate formation and maintenance of memory.
Author: Peterson's Publisher: Peterson's ISBN: 0768934893 Category : Study Aids Languages : en Pages : 747
Book Description
Peterson's Graduate Programs in the Biological & Biomedical Sciences,Anatomy, and Biochemistry contains a wealth of information on colleges and universities that offer graduate/professional degrees in these cutting-edge fields. Profiled institutions include those in the United States, Canada, and abroad that are accredited by U.S. accrediting agencies. Up-to-date data, collected through Peterson's Annual Survey of Graduate and Professional Institutions, provides valuable information on degree offerings, professional accreditation, jointly offered degrees, part-time and evening/weekend programs, postbaccalaureate distance degrees, faculty, students, degree requirements, entrance requirements, expenses, financial support, faculty research, and unit head and application contact information. Readers will find helpful links to in-depth descriptions that offer additional detailed information about a specific program or department, faculty members and their research, and much more. In addition, there are valuable articles on financial assistance, the graduate admissions process, advice for international and minority students, and facts about accreditation, with a current list of accrediting agencies.
Author: Michael Brian Orger
Author: Michael Brian Orger
Author: Robert T. Gerlai
Author: Matt Smear
Author: H. William Detrich III
Author: Kaspar Müller
Author: 
Author: Sebastian Dworkin
Author: 
Author: Thomas J. Carew
Author: Peterson's