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Author: Alex Kozulin Publisher: Harvard University Press ISBN: 9780674007086 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
The concept of "psychological tools" is a cornerstone of L. S. Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of cognitive development. Psychological tools are the symbolic cultural artifacts--signs, symbols, texts, formulae, and most fundamentally, language--that enable us to master psychological functions like memory, perception, and attention in ways appropriate to our cultures. In this lucid book, Alex Kozulin argues that the concept offers a useful way to analyze cross-cultural differences in thought and to develop practical strategies for educating immigrant children from widely different cultures. Kozulin begins by offering an overview of Vygotsky's theory, which argues that consciousness arises from communication as civilization transforms "natural" psychological functions into "cultural" ones. He also compares sociocultural theory to other innovative approaches to learning, cognitive education in particular. And in a vivid case study, the author describes his work with recent Ethiopian immigrants to Israel, whose traditional modes of learning were oral and imitative, and who consequently proved to be quick at learning conversational Hebrew, but who struggled with the reading, writing, and formal problem solving required by a Western classroom. Last, Kozulin develops Vygotsky's concept of psychological tools to promote literature as a useful tool in cognitive development. With its explication of Vygotsky's theory, its case study of sociocultural pedagogy, and its suggested use of literary text for cognitive development, Psychological Tools will be of considerable interest to research psychologists and educators alike.
Author: Alex Kozulin Publisher: Harvard University Press ISBN: 9780674007086 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
The concept of "psychological tools" is a cornerstone of L. S. Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of cognitive development. Psychological tools are the symbolic cultural artifacts--signs, symbols, texts, formulae, and most fundamentally, language--that enable us to master psychological functions like memory, perception, and attention in ways appropriate to our cultures. In this lucid book, Alex Kozulin argues that the concept offers a useful way to analyze cross-cultural differences in thought and to develop practical strategies for educating immigrant children from widely different cultures. Kozulin begins by offering an overview of Vygotsky's theory, which argues that consciousness arises from communication as civilization transforms "natural" psychological functions into "cultural" ones. He also compares sociocultural theory to other innovative approaches to learning, cognitive education in particular. And in a vivid case study, the author describes his work with recent Ethiopian immigrants to Israel, whose traditional modes of learning were oral and imitative, and who consequently proved to be quick at learning conversational Hebrew, but who struggled with the reading, writing, and formal problem solving required by a Western classroom. Last, Kozulin develops Vygotsky's concept of psychological tools to promote literature as a useful tool in cognitive development. With its explication of Vygotsky's theory, its case study of sociocultural pedagogy, and its suggested use of literary text for cognitive development, Psychological Tools will be of considerable interest to research psychologists and educators alike.
Author: Phil Stutz Publisher: Random House ISBN: 0679644458 Category : Self-Help Languages : en Pages : 195
Book Description
NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • Change can begin right now. Learn to bring about dynamic personal growth using five uniquely effective tools—from psychotherapist Barry Michels and psychiatrist Phil Stutz, subject of the Netflix documentary Stutz. “These tools are emotional game changers. They do nothing less than deliver you to your best and most powerful self.”—Kathy Freston, author of Quantum Wellness The Tools offers a solution to the biggest complaint patients have about therapy: the interminable wait for change to begin. The traditional therapeutic model sets its sights on the past, but psychiatrist Phil Stutz and psychotherapist Barry Michels employ an arsenal of techniques—“the tools”—that allow patients to use their problems as levers that access the power of the unconscious and propel them into action. Suddenly, through this transformative approach, obstacles become new chances—to find courage, embrace discipline, develop self-expression, deepen creativity. A dynamic, results-oriented practice, The Tools aims to deliver relief from persistent problems and restore control and hope right away. Every day presents challenges—big and small—that the tools transform into opportunities to bring about bold and dramatic change in your life. Stutz and Michels teach you how to: • Get Unstuck: Master the things you are avoiding and live in forward motion. • Control Anger: Free yourself from out-of-control rage and never-ending grudges. • Express Yourself: Learn the secret of true confidence and find your authentic voice. • Combat Anxiety: Stop obsessive worrying and negative thinking. • Find Discipline: Activate willpower and make the most of every minute. With The Tools, Stutz and Michels allow you to realize the full range of your potential. Their goal is nothing less than for your life to become exceptional—exceptional in its resiliency, in its experience of real happiness, and in its understanding of the human spirit.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309370930 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 233
Book Description
The United States Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two disability programs: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), for disabled individuals, and their dependent family members, who have worked and contributed to the Social Security trust funds, and Supplemental Security Income (SSSI), which is a means-tested program based on income and financial assets for adults aged 65 years or older and disabled adults and children. Both programs require that claimants have a disability and meet specific medical criteria in order to qualify for benefits. SSA establishes the presence of a medically-determined impairment in individuals with mental disorders other than intellectual disability through the use of standard diagnostic criteria, which include symptoms and signs. These impairments are established largely on reports of signs and symptoms of impairment and functional limitation. Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination considers the use of psychological tests in evaluating disability claims submitted to the SSA. This report critically reviews selected psychological tests, including symptom validity tests, that could contribute to SSA disability determinations. The report discusses the possible uses of such tests and their contribution to disability determinations. Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination discusses testing norms, qualifications for administration of tests, administration of tests, and reporting results. The recommendations of this report will help SSA improve the consistency and accuracy of disability determination in certain cases.
Author: Anton Yasnitsky Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1316060454 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 1060
Book Description
The field of cultural-historical psychology originated in the work of Lev Vygotsky and the Vygotsky Circle in the Soviet Union more than eighty years ago, and has now established a powerful research tradition in Russia and the West. The Cambridge Handbook of Cultural-Historical Psychology is the first volume to systematically present cultural-historical psychology as an integrative/holistic developmental science of mind, brain, and culture. Its main focus is the inseparable unity of the historically evolving human mind, brain, and culture, and the ways to understand it. The contributors are major international experts in the field, and include authors of major works on Lev Vygotsky, direct collaborators and associates of Alexander Luria, and renowned neurologist Oliver Sacks. The Handbook will be of interest to students and scholars in the fields of psychology, education, humanities and neuroscience.
Author: Jonathan Passmore Publisher: Kogan Page Publishers ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 372
Book Description
Psychometrics in Coaching offers expert advice on how coaches, consultants and human resources managers can use psychometrics to support and develop individuals in the workplace and outside. With a growing demand for psychometric testing in the coaching profession, coaches and practitioners alike need to understand the psychology underpinning the tests as well as how to select and apply them effectively. Written by an international team of global coaching practitioners and psychometricians, this book provides an overview of using psychometrics and providing feedback and offers clear explanations of the key models and tools used in coaching today. Whether you are new to using psychometric tests or an experienced practitioner, this book provides you with a deep understanding of the models, the theory and research behind them, their reliability and validity, and how to implement them as part of a wider coaching and development programme. Psychometrics in Coaching is an essential resource for those seeking expert guidance from the leading writers in the field, as well as students on psychology, psychometrics, business and human resources programmes. Includes contributions from: Beverly Alimo-Metcalfe * Elizabeth Allworth * Richard Barrett * Dave Bartram * Richard Brady * Eugene Burke * Sally Carr * David Caruso * Roy Childs * Peter Clough * Bernard Cooke * Keith Earle * James Fico * Alexander Fradera * Leanne Harris * Robert Hogan * Thomas Hurley * Quentin Jones * Carol Kauffman * Betsy Kendall * Rainer Kurz * Rab MacIver * Helen Marsh * Dick McCann * Almuth McDowall * Kenneth Nowack * Stephen Palmer * Jonathan Passmore * Peter Pritchett * Peter Salovey * Peter Saville * Jordan Silberman * David Sharpley * Jeff Stagg * Doug Strycharczyk Published with the Association for Coaching Promoting excellence & ethics in coaching The Association for Coaching is an independent, non-profit professional body whose aim is to promote best practice and to raise the awareness and standards of coaching while providing value-added benefits to its members - whether they are professional coaches or organizations involved in coaching. Find out more at www.associationforcoaching.com
Author: Kate Miriam Loewenthal Publisher: Psychology Press ISBN: 1317710142 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 192
Book Description
In its first edition this book successfully enabled readers, with little or no prior knowledge of computing or statistics, to develop reliable and valid tests and scales for assessment or research purposes. In this edition, the author has thoroughly updated the text to include new recent advances in computer software and provide information on relevant internet resources. The book contains detailed guidelines for locating and constructing psychological measures, including descriptions of popular psychological measures and step-by-step instructions for composing a measure, entering data and computing reliability and validity of test results. Advanced techniques such as factor analysis, analysis of covariance and multiple regression analysis are presented for the beginner. An Introduction to Psychological Tests and Scales provides a clear, concise and jargon-free primer for all those embarking in fieldwork or research analysis. It will be an invaluable tool for undergraduates and postgraduates in psychology and a useful text for students and professionals in related disciplines.
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights Publisher: ISBN: Category : Civil service Languages : en Pages : 548
Book Description
Investigates charges that psychological testing of civil servants by Federal departments and agencies invades their right of privacy.
Author: Prof. Dr. Bilal Semih Bozdemir Publisher: Bilal Semih Bozdemir ISBN: Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 353
Book Description
In the preceding section of this discourse, we deliberated over several phases or perspectives pertaining to emotional content, also known as qualifiers. The present moment necessitates a comprehensive approach to the resolution of this issue. What is the significance of the many characteristics of emotions, and what precisely do these distinct attributes entail? When examining emotions using widely acknowledged definitions, it becomes apparent that the distinguishing feature of emotions is the interdependent nature of their varying contents, which do not mutually influence one another. This phenomenon is contingent upon the existence of emotions; nonetheless, it has the potential to undergo changes while maintaining the essential structure of its constituent elements. To illustrate, the phonetic quality represented by the letter "c" might exhibit either a harsh or soft tonal characteristic. Conversely, it is plausible that the discourse will persist in a similar manner. The color red has the capacity to create an optical illusion of a spherical or round shape inside a given region. Additionally, it is possible for it to maintain its prior red hue. There exists a lack of consensus among psychologists about the conceptualization of sensory contents, despite the unanimous acknowledgment that sensory contents exhibit a certain degree of variability. One perspective asserts that the constituents of each individual emotion possess a uniform set of attributes. An alternative perspective posits the following viewpoint: Emotional experience may be seen and analyzed from several qualitative perspectives. The adoption of a systematic mode of thinking had a substantial influence on the first cohort of theorists. The co-occurring emergence of emotional elements, specifically pertaining to color and tone, inside the same conscious entity associated with a shared object of perception has prompted the elucidation of their many facets within their overarching qualities. The achievement of this objective was attained by a deliberate emphasis on the emergence of certain emotional elements inside a singular state of awareness. The structure of behavior that is seen functions as a criterion, since it is predetermined by the needs of systematic explanation. Conversely, those who do rigorous examinations of several categories of emotions, as they are encountered, expressed, or enacted, tend to identify distinct clusters of attributes associated with each category. Our endeavor has been to discern the fundamental attributes of emotions while avoiding the distractions posed by extreme perspectives and refraining from relying on the customary classification that segregates emotions into distinct groups based on their mutual compatibility or contradiction. The usual methodology used for categorizing emotions involves the identification of four fundamental attributes that characterize emotional states. The features being examined in this context include structure, density, comprehensiveness, and continuity. Within the framework of this classification system, it is posited that spontaneous emotions lose their distinctiveness and clarity when they are detached from the defining characteristics that delineate them. The inherent nature of the object is intrinsically tied to its specific arrangement. The qualitative definition offers an elucidation of the several categories including these emotions, along with the diverse range of emotions that may be seen within each domain. Consequently, this might be considered a fundamental standard in comparison to other characteristics. Furthermore, the emotion under consideration must possess certain attributes in addition to satisfying the requirements outlined by its description. These attributes include intensity, comprehensiveness, and continuity. There exists a certain degree of flexibility for each of these three traits to undergo modification, although within a prescribed limit beyond which the integrity of the structure becomes undermined.
Author: Ahmed M. Abdel-Khalek Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing ISBN: 1527561895 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 596
Book Description
Measurement is an important concern for the progress of psychology, both as a basic science and as a field of application. The development of psychological research and practice would not be possible without sound assessment and measuring procedures. This book presents a collection of personality and psychopathology scales, developed originally in Arabic and translated into English, since self-reports and questionnaires play a prominent role in psychological research and practice, as they are simple and cost less than other methods of assessment. Furthermore, these scales are suitable in surveys and epidemiological studies with large samples. This book will be useful in different disciplines such as psychology, psychiatry, epidemiology, gerontology, social work, and social sciences.
Author: Dabie Nabuzoka Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing ISBN: 1350312266 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 529
Book Description
From infancy through to school age and beyond, most children are in constant contact with an array of social influences. Home life, education, community and the media all have some part to play in a child's development. In this absorbing book, the authors discuss the ways such diverse cultural settings impact on behaviour and how children are shaped by the world around them. They examine development from both a cultural and cross-cultural perspective, drawing on case studies, to illuminate theoretical insights. Students of both developmental and cultural psychology will find this to be the perfect starting point from which to investigate this fascinating topic further.
Author: Alex Kozulin
Author: Alex Kozulin
Author: Phil Stutz
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Anton Yasnitsky
Author: Jonathan Passmore
Author: Kate Miriam Loewenthal
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights
Author: Prof. Dr. Bilal Semih Bozdemir
Author: Ahmed M. Abdel-Khalek
Author: Dabie Nabuzoka