Proteomics Approaches to Unravel Virus - Vertebrate Host Interactions PDF Download

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128230401
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 270

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Book Description
Proteomics Approaches to Unravel Virus - Vertebrate Host Interactions, Volume 109 in the Advances in Virus Research series, highlights state-of-the art mass spectrometry techniques to elucidate the tight interplay of vertebrate viruses and their host cells. The volume includes chapters on Spatio-temporal resolution of host protein complexes during virus entry, Proteomic approaches to investigate gammaherpesvirus biology and associated tumorigenesis, Applications of Mass Spectrometry Imaging in Virus Research, Mapping surfaceome dynamics during viral infection, Characterization of proteolytic events in virus-host interactions, Dynamic protein network modulation upon viral infection, and much more. - Discusses the latest methodological breakthroughs in mass spectrometry-based proteomics - Reviews how technology has advanced our knowledge on virus-host interactions - Provides future perspectives on proteomics research in virology

Author: Susanne M. Bailer
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493963089
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Virus-Host Interactions: Methods and Protocols covers various aspects of virological research, such as biochemical approaches, including molecular interactions and regulatory mechanisms on the protein as well as the RNA level with a strong focus on the manifold possibilities to study protein-protein interactions, as well as cell biological and immunological methodologies. Viruses represent a reduced form of life that depends on host cells for propagation. To this end, viruses approach and penetrate cells and usurp cellular machineries for their own benefit. Recent technological improvements have enabled the systematic analysis of the virus-host interplay be it on the genomic, the transcriptomic, or proteomic level. In parallel, bioinformatic tools have emerged in support of the large datasets generated by these high-throughput approaches. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Virus-Host Interactions: Methods and Protocols will prove invaluable to professionals and novices with its well-honed methodologies and protocols.

Author: Kevin Coombs
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 2889191206
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 121

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Book Description
The field of virology has seen explosive growth in the past few decades. A large amount of effort has gone into successfully delineating virus evolution, genetic diversity, immunology, pathogenesis, structure, vaccine development, viral gene expression and genomic replication strategies. In addition, considerable recent work has been focusing on cellular responses to infection as well as how viruses may induce transformation and oncogenesis. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites and thus absolutely dependent upon host cells. Not surprisingly, they often cause profound changes in cells, including apoptosis, death and signalling, to name a few perturbations. Thus, the molecular signals for how viruses induce pathophysiological alterations in their hosts have been of growing recent interest. Cellular and organismal responses, such as those induced by virus infection, are invariably mediated by changes in gene and protein expression and modification. Thus, there has been keen interest in understanding how gene and protein expressions and modifications are quantitatively and qualitatively affected by such challenges. From a historical perspective, most early work that examined host protein responses to virus infection employed “biased” approaches, in which investigators targeted a limited number, or only one cellular molecule of interest. Completion of many organisms’ genome sequences has allowed the global “non-biased” simultaneous analysis of the entire repertoire of cellular mRNA species, the transcriptome, by gene micro-arrays. This has provided significant information about how cellular gene expressions are altered by virus-induced perturbations, but has not provided as much information about the encoded proteins. This results for several reasons, including, but not limited to the fact that gene expression levels cannot accurately predict protein expression levels, nor the types and extent of post-translational modifications, many genes encode multiple proteins through splice variants, and protein activity may be affected by a large number of conditions, including phosphorylation. Recent technological and bioinformatic approaches make it now possible to begin to extend similar global analyses to probe the cellular proteome, the repertoire of the actual effector molecules. One general strategy has been to take advantage of improved separations technologies, as well as greatly improved mass spectrometry resolution, to quantitatively or comparatively measure hundreds or thousands of proteins. Proteins from multiple conditions (i.e., mock-infected and infected) may be differentially labelled by various techniques, such as 2D-DIGE, ICAT, iTRAQ, SILAC, with 18O during peptide preparation, and/or by various other methods, and then compared to measure comparative alterations in the levels of proteins induced by the virus infection. Such analyses have also been extended by using “label-free” methods for more efficient multiplexing applications, and/or by examining specific protein modifications. In addition, concerted efforts to raise antibodies against all cellular proteins have resulted in the development of “antibody arrays,” which are also generally used for quantitative or comparative assays. Finally, while assays, such as the above, are generally limited to delineating the absolute amount of specific proteins, newer technologies have been developed that allow the simultaneous probing of hundreds of proteins’ functions. Assays, such as “Activity Based Protein Profiling”, are designed to probe enzymatic activity, with current focus on broad-spectrum proteases and other enzymatic classes. This Research Topic will provide an overview of many of these methods, as well as numerous specific examples of each approach, and how they are used to better delineate the ways viruses affect cellular responses during infection.

Author: Alicia Berard
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Viruses are obligate parasites that use the host cellular machinery to produce progeny virions. The host responds to this invading pathogen by induction of the immune system; however, the virus employs a variety of strategies to overcome these attacks. The complexity of the virus-host interaction is of great interest to researchers with aims to both characterize the relationship and target steps of the viral life cycle to hinder infection. Many targeted tactics employ single protein analysis; however, approaches that examine the whole set of virus/host interactions are available. Transcriptional alterations within host cells have been determined for many virus- host interactions by micro-array techniques; however little is known about the effects on cellular proteins. This study uses a quantitative mass spectrometric-based method, SILAC, to study differences in a host cell's proteome with infection by a virus. Mammalian reoviruses and herpes simplex viruses are prototypical viruses commonly studied to determine virus life cycle and interactions with hosts. Using three strains of reoviruses and one HSV1 strain, cells were infected to identify differentially regulated proteins at different times. Thousands of proteins were identified for each virus type, some up or down regulated after infection. Biological functions and network analyses were performed using online networking tools. These pathway analyses indicated numerous processes including cell death and inflammatory response are affected by T1L reovirus infection. Comparing reovirus strains revealed a greater overall proteomic change in host function when infected with the more pathogenic T3DC strain. For the HSV infection, host proteins altered during the different immediate early, earlyand late phases of infection helped characterize the host-virus interaction parallel to the virus life cycle. Overall, my study has characterized proteomic changes in different virus infection systems, identifying numerous novel cellular functional pathways and specific proteins altered during virus infections, specifically the secretogranin II protein that had opposite types of regulation in reoviruses and HSV and was examined for its effects on virus replication. Further studies on the novel proteomic characteristics may provide greater understanding to the complex virus-host interactome, leading to possible antiviral targets.

Author: Christon J. Hurst
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118025652
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 389

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Book Description
This book explains the ecology of viruses by examining their interactive dynamics with their hosting species (in this volume, in microbes and plants), including the types of transmission cycles that viruses have evolved encompassing principal and alternate hosts, vehicles, and vectoring species. Examining virology from an organismal biology approach and focusing on the concept that viral infections represent areas of overlap in the ecologies of the involved species, Viral Ecology is essential for students and professionals who either may be non-virologists or virologists whose previous familiarity has been very specialized.

Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128114320
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 3421

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Book Description
Encyclopedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology: ABC of Bioinformatics, Three Volume Set combines elements of computer science, information technology, mathematics, statistics and biotechnology, providing the methodology and in silico solutions to mine biological data and processes. The book covers Theory, Topics and Applications, with a special focus on Integrative –omics and Systems Biology. The theoretical, methodological underpinnings of BCB, including phylogeny are covered, as are more current areas of focus, such as translational bioinformatics, cheminformatics, and environmental informatics. Finally, Applications provide guidance for commonly asked questions. This major reference work spans basic and cutting-edge methodologies authored by leaders in the field, providing an invaluable resource for students, scientists, professionals in research institutes, and a broad swath of researchers in biotechnology and the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries. Brings together information from computer science, information technology, mathematics, statistics and biotechnology Written and reviewed by leading experts in the field, providing a unique and authoritative resource Focuses on the main theoretical and methodological concepts before expanding on specific topics and applications Includes interactive images, multimedia tools and crosslinking to further resources and databases

Author: Weibo Cai
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535103970
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 488

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Book Description
Proteins are indispensable players in virtually all biological events. The functions of proteins are coordinated through intricate regulatory networks of transient protein-protein interactions (PPIs). To predict and/or study PPIs, a wide variety of techniques have been developed over the last several decades. Many in vitro and in vivo assays have been implemented to explore the mechanism of these ubiquitous interactions. However, despite significant advances in these experimental approaches, many limitations exist such as false-positives/false-negatives, difficulty in obtaining crystal structures of proteins, challenges in the detection of transient PPI, among others. To overcome these limitations, many computational approaches have been developed which are becoming increasingly widely used to facilitate the investigation of PPIs. This book has gathered an ensemble of experts in the field, in 22 chapters, which have been broadly categorized into Computational Approaches, Experimental Approaches, and Others.

Author: Esteban Domingo
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080564968
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 573

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Book Description
New viral diseases are emerging continuously. Viruses adapt to new environments at astounding rates. Genetic variability of viruses jeopardizes vaccine efficacy. For many viruses mutants resistant to antiviral agents or host immune responses arise readily, for example, with HIV and influenza. These variations are all of utmost importance for human and animal health as they have prevented us from controlling these epidemic pathogens. This book focuses on the mechanisms that viruses use to evolve, survive and cause disease in their hosts. Covering human, animal, plant and bacterial viruses, it provides both the basic foundations for the evolutionary dynamics of viruses and specific examples of emerging diseases. - NEW - methods to establish relationships among viruses and the mechanisms that affect virus evolution - UNIQUE - combines theoretical concepts in evolution with detailed analyses of the evolution of important virus groups - SPECIFIC - Bacterial, plant, animal and human viruses are compared regarding their interation with their hosts

Author: Dörte Becher
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493993680
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344

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Book Description
This detailed volume explores state-of-the-art methods for the identification, quantification, and characterization of microbial proteins. Split into five parts, the content addresses global sample preparation and protein enrichment, subcellular fractionation, protein quantification, analysis of post-translational protein modifications, as well as metaproteomics, a relatively new branch of microbial proteomics that investigates the proteins of all microbes comprising an environmental consortium. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Microbial Proteomics: Methods and Protocols serves as a valuable and stimulating source for all beginners and advanced researchers in the field of microbial proteomics and beyond. Chapter 18 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Author: Sandeep Singh
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
ISBN: 981143929X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 186

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Book Description
Protocols used in Molecular Biology is a compilation of several examples of molecular biology protocols. Each example is presented with a concise introduction, materials and chemicals required, a step-by-step procedure and troubleshooting tips. Information about the application of the protocol is also provided. The techniques included in this book are essential to research in the fields of proteomics, genomics, cell culture, epigenetic modification and structural biology. The protocols can also be used by clinical researchers (neuroscientists and oncologists, for example) for medical applications (diagnostics, therapeutics and multidisciplinary projects).