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Author: Phiala Elisabeth Shanahan Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319314386 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 224
Book Description
This thesis discusses two key topics: strangeness and charge symmetry violation (CSV) in the nucleon. It also provides a pedagogical introduction to chiral effective field theory tailored to the high-precision era of lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Because the nucleon has zero net strangeness, strange observables give tremendous insight into the nature of the vacuum; they can only arise through quantum fluctuations in which strange–antistrange quark pairs are generated. As a result, the precise values of these quantities within QCD are important in physics arenas as diverse as precision tests of QCD, searches for physics beyond the Standard Model, and the interpretation of dark matter direct-detection experiments. Similarly, the precise knowledge of CSV observables has, with increasing experimental precision, become essential to the interpretation of many searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. In this thesis, the numerical lattice gauge theory approach to QCD is combined with the chiral perturbation theory formalism to determine strange and CSV quantities in a diverse range of observables including the octet baryon masses, sigma terms, electromagnetic form factors, and parton distribution functions. This thesis builds a comprehensive and coherent picture of the current status of understanding of strangeness and charge symmetry violation in the nucleon.
Author: Phiala Elisabeth Shanahan Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319314386 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 224
Book Description
This thesis discusses two key topics: strangeness and charge symmetry violation (CSV) in the nucleon. It also provides a pedagogical introduction to chiral effective field theory tailored to the high-precision era of lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Because the nucleon has zero net strangeness, strange observables give tremendous insight into the nature of the vacuum; they can only arise through quantum fluctuations in which strange–antistrange quark pairs are generated. As a result, the precise values of these quantities within QCD are important in physics arenas as diverse as precision tests of QCD, searches for physics beyond the Standard Model, and the interpretation of dark matter direct-detection experiments. Similarly, the precise knowledge of CSV observables has, with increasing experimental precision, become essential to the interpretation of many searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. In this thesis, the numerical lattice gauge theory approach to QCD is combined with the chiral perturbation theory formalism to determine strange and CSV quantities in a diverse range of observables including the octet baryon masses, sigma terms, electromagnetic form factors, and parton distribution functions. This thesis builds a comprehensive and coherent picture of the current status of understanding of strangeness and charge symmetry violation in the nucleon.
Author: Marvin L. Marshak Publisher: American Institute of Physics ISBN: 9780735407237 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1010
Book Description
CIPANP 2009 explores areas of common interest between nuclear physicists, high energy (particle) physicists and astrophysicists. These areas range from studies of the strong interactions that bind nuclei together to physics of the very early Universe and include such topics as neutrinos, hadron physics, spin physics, heavy ion physics, QCD and heavy flavor physics. The Conference papers include descriptions of searches for "new physics", phenomena that cannot be accounted for by current theories.
Author: K. de Jager Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540744134 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 256
Book Description
This book contains the proceedings of the third international workshop on From Parity Violation to Hadronic Structure and More. The many applications of parity violation are way beyond the scope of what Lee and Yang could have imagined fifty years after their proposal. For the physics topics discussed during this workshop, the application of parity violation has become a standard work horse allowing for the extraction of many physics topics in different experiments.
Author: Charlotte Elster Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3662097125 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 406
Book Description
This volume contains the refereed and selected contributions from the International Conference on Quark Nuclear Physics (QNP2002), held from 9 to 14 June 2002 in Jülich, Germany.
Author: Franco Bradamante Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814480487 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 1065
Book Description
This comprehensive volume covers the most recent advances in the field of spin physics, including the latest research in high energy and nuclear physics and the study of nuclear spin structure. The comprehensive coverage also includes polarized proton and electron acceleration and storage as well as polarized ion sources and targets. Many significant new results and achievements on the different topics considered at the symposium are presented in this book for the first time.
Author: Dieter Drechsel Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814490040 Category : Baryons Languages : en Pages : 528
Book Description
The study of N∗s can provide us with critical insights into the nature of QCD in the confinement domain. The keys to progress in this domain are the identification of its important degrees of freedom and the effective forces between them. The nucleon is the simplest system in which the nonabelian character of QCD is manifest. There are Nc quarks in a baryon because there are Nc colors, and as a consequence Gell-Mann and Zweig were forced to introduce the quarks in order to describe the octet and decuplet baryons.This volume gives a status report on the recent experimental and theoretical results in the field of nucleon resonance physics. A wealth of new high precision data was presented from facilities around the world, such as BES, BNL, ELSA, GRAAL, JLab, MAMI, MIT/Bates, SPring8, and Yerevan. Particular emphasis was laid on polarization degrees of freedom and large acceptance detectors as precision tools for studying small but important transition amplitudes, and the helicity (spin) structure of the nucleon. There were new results describing the nucleon resonance structure on the basis of quantum chromodynamics, either directly in terms of quarks and gluons by means of lattice gauge theory, or in terms of hadrons in the framework of chiral field theories. A status report on duality showed the surprising connections between the physics of the low energy nucleon resonance region and the realm of quark structure functions in deep inelastic scattering. Finally, this volume contains a summary report of the BRAG workshop, devoted to the analysis of baryon resonances.
Author: Serge Kox Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540263454 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 198
Book Description
Almost 50 years after the proposal of Lee and Young in 1956 to test the hypothesis of parity violation in weak interactions and the subsequent experimental verification of parity violation by C. S. Wu, parity violation has today become a useful property of weak interactions. This is due to the fact that the focus nowadays has changed: parity violation in weak interactions is no more a topic of investigation but is used as a tool in many different fields ranging from nuclear physics to the search for the hidden extra dimensions requested by string theory. For our first workshop which took place June 5-8, 2002, at the Institut fiir Ke- physik of the Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz, we concentrated on the in vestigation of the strangeness contribution in the nucleon. This book contains the refereed and selected papers of the second workshop "From Parity Violation to Hadron Structure and more (Part II)", which took place June 8-11, in the Labo- toire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, in Grenoble. These papers appear in EPJAdirect, the electronic-only part of EPJA, and they are accessible without restrictions. They will also appear in printed form and can be ordered through Springer. The excellent presentations show the dramatic and steady progress in the accuracy of measured parity violating asymmetries over the last few years.
Author: Soon-Tae Hong Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9401797501 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 205
Book Description
This book provides an advanced introduction to extended theories of quantum field theory and algebraic topology, including Hamiltonian quantization associated with some geometrical constraints, symplectic embedding and Hamilton-Jacobi quantization and Becci-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) symmetry, as well as de Rham cohomology. It offers a critical overview of the research in this area and unifies the existing literature, employing a consistent notation. Although the results presented apply in principle to all alternative quantization schemes, special emphasis is placed on the BRST quantization for constrained physical systems and its corresponding de Rham cohomology group structure. These were studied by theoretical physicists from the early 1960s and appeared in attempts to quantize rigorously some physical theories such as solitons and other models subject to geometrical constraints. In particular, phenomenological soliton theories such as Skyrmion and chiral bag models have seen a revival following experimental data from the SAMPLE and HAPPEX Collaborations and these are discussed. The book describes how these model predictions were shown to include rigorous treatments of geometrical constraints because these constraints affect the predictions themselves. The application of the BRST symmetry to the de Rham cohomology contributes to a deep understanding of Hilbert space of constrained physical theories. Aimed at graduate-level students in quantum field theory, the book will also serve as a useful reference for those working in the field. An extensive bibliography guides the reader towards the source literature on particular topics.
Author: Phiala Elisabeth Shanahan
Author: Phiala Elisabeth Shanahan
Author: Marvin L. Marshak
Author: K. de Jager
Author: Argonne National Laboratory. Physics Division
Author: Charlotte Elster
Author: Franco Bradamante
Author: Dieter Drechsel
Author: Serge Kox
Author: Soon-Tae Hong
Author: