Author: James Michael MacDonald
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural processing industries
Languages : en
Pages : 308
Book Description
Product Diversification in U.S. Manufacturing
Author: James Michael MacDonald
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural processing industries
Languages : en
Pages : 308
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural processing industries
Languages : en
Pages : 308
Book Description
Product Diversification Trends in U.S. Food Manufacturing
Author: James Michael MacDonald
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural processing industries
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Book Description
Extract: Leading U.S. food manufacturers typically produce and sell a growing array of food products. Many have also expanded into related wholesale, transportation, and food service industries, while avoiding large-scale involvement in agriculture and food retailing. Diversification by food manufacturers into unrelated product lines declined in the seventies. That decline, coupled with continued increases in diversification into food-related products, led to stabilization in average levels of diversification, after persistent increases since 1919. Successful diversification frequently depends on how readily employees' skills can be transferred to new products. Much recent diversification in the food industries has been based upon the transfer of marketing skills among consumer product industries and technical skills in commodity processing and transportation among producer goods industries.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural processing industries
Languages : en
Pages : 52
Book Description
Extract: Leading U.S. food manufacturers typically produce and sell a growing array of food products. Many have also expanded into related wholesale, transportation, and food service industries, while avoiding large-scale involvement in agriculture and food retailing. Diversification by food manufacturers into unrelated product lines declined in the seventies. That decline, coupled with continued increases in diversification into food-related products, led to stabilization in average levels of diversification, after persistent increases since 1919. Successful diversification frequently depends on how readily employees' skills can be transferred to new products. Much recent diversification in the food industries has been based upon the transfer of marketing skills among consumer product industries and technical skills in commodity processing and transportation among producer goods industries.
Product Diversification by Food Manufacturing Firms
Author: Richard J. Arnould
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diversification in industry
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diversification in industry
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Book Description
Product Diversification of U.S. Manufacturing Firms
Author: Hsiao-shan Yang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
This dissertation consists of two studies. One is about the level of product diversification of multiproduct firms. The other is about the product switching decision of multiproduct firms. Most of the existing studies rely on economies of scope or strategic considerations to explain why firms produce multiple products. However, only a few explain why the level of product diversification varies across multiproduct firms. I extend the Dixit-Stiglitz monopolistic competitive model to analyze product diversification of heterogeneous multiproduct firms, focusing on the role of firm-specific productivity. The model shows that the firm's level of product diversification is determined by and positively related to its productivity at the equilibrium. Using data from the Thomas Register of American Manufacturers and Compustat, I test the prediction of the theoretical model.^To overcome simultaneity bias associated with productivity, I implement a IV estimation where I use the number of product varieties offered by the upstream industries of a firm as the instrumental variable to identify exogenous changes in the firm's productivity. This IV strategy is motivated by Romer (1990) who argues that technological changes can take the form of increases in the variety of intermediate inputs. I find strong and robust empirical evidence consistent with the prediction of the theoretical model--firm productivity is a causal factor for product diversification. To understand product switching decision, I further expand the Dixit-Stiglitz model to allow for product-specific shocks. In this model, firm-specific productivity determines the range of products, and product-specific relative consumer's preference determines the composition of products offered by the firm.^This shows that, in the absence of productivity shocks, product-specific shocks induce product switching--adding the product experienced a positive demand shock and dropping the product undergone a negative shock from its original product portfolio. Assuming that a product experiences positive shocks before the market shakeout and negative shocks after shakeout as it goes through its life cycle, this result suggests that the incidence of product switching is positively correlated with the proportion of the firm's products that are in the early (growing) stage of their life cycles. This prediction is confirmed in the empirical estimation. In addition to product-specific demand shocks, I also find that larger and older firms as well as firms facing greater market competition are more likely to switch products.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
This dissertation consists of two studies. One is about the level of product diversification of multiproduct firms. The other is about the product switching decision of multiproduct firms. Most of the existing studies rely on economies of scope or strategic considerations to explain why firms produce multiple products. However, only a few explain why the level of product diversification varies across multiproduct firms. I extend the Dixit-Stiglitz monopolistic competitive model to analyze product diversification of heterogeneous multiproduct firms, focusing on the role of firm-specific productivity. The model shows that the firm's level of product diversification is determined by and positively related to its productivity at the equilibrium. Using data from the Thomas Register of American Manufacturers and Compustat, I test the prediction of the theoretical model.^To overcome simultaneity bias associated with productivity, I implement a IV estimation where I use the number of product varieties offered by the upstream industries of a firm as the instrumental variable to identify exogenous changes in the firm's productivity. This IV strategy is motivated by Romer (1990) who argues that technological changes can take the form of increases in the variety of intermediate inputs. I find strong and robust empirical evidence consistent with the prediction of the theoretical model--firm productivity is a causal factor for product diversification. To understand product switching decision, I further expand the Dixit-Stiglitz model to allow for product-specific shocks. In this model, firm-specific productivity determines the range of products, and product-specific relative consumer's preference determines the composition of products offered by the firm.^This shows that, in the absence of productivity shocks, product-specific shocks induce product switching--adding the product experienced a positive demand shock and dropping the product undergone a negative shock from its original product portfolio. Assuming that a product experiences positive shocks before the market shakeout and negative shocks after shakeout as it goes through its life cycle, this result suggests that the incidence of product switching is positively correlated with the proportion of the firm's products that are in the early (growing) stage of their life cycles. This prediction is confirmed in the empirical estimation. In addition to product-specific demand shocks, I also find that larger and older firms as well as firms facing greater market competition are more likely to switch products.
Diversification and Integration in American Industry
Author: Michael Gort
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diversification in industry
Languages : en
Pages : 268
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diversification in industry
Languages : en
Pages : 268
Book Description
Product diversification trends in U.S. food manufacturing
Author: James Michael MacDonald
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural processing industries
Languages : en
Pages : 45
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural processing industries
Languages : en
Pages : 45
Book Description
Report on Industrial Concentration and Product Diversification in the 1,000 Largest Manufacturing Companies: 1950
Author: United States. Federal Trade Commission
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diversification in industry
Languages : en
Pages : 680
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diversification in industry
Languages : en
Pages : 680
Book Description
Report of the Federal Trade Commission on Industrial Concentration and Product Diversification in the 1000 Largest Manufacturing Companies
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diversification in industry
Languages : en
Pages : 688
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diversification in industry
Languages : en
Pages : 688
Book Description
Variety Reduction Program
Author: Toshio Suzue
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 184
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 184
Book Description
Purposive Diversification and Economic Performance
Author: John T. Scott
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521430159
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 284
Book Description
This book examines product-line diversification of large manufacturing firms. It introduces and applies methodology that discerns groups of manufacturing industries related by complementarities in production, marketing, distribution, and research and development activities. Manufacturing firms intentionally vary production to exploit these complementarities, and Professor Scott uses evidence from U.S. manaufacturing to explore hypotheses about such purposive diversification and ensuing economic performance, including product diversification's effects on both static efficiency and the optimality of R&D investment. This study yields new perspectives on the policy debate about cooperation versus competition among firms: will industrial performance be better if leading firms cooperate on research, production, and marketing? Professor Scott shows that the answers depend on circumstances that vary with different industrial environments. His analysis offers insights about business strategy and public policy toward business combinations in conglomerate, vertical, and horizontal mergers and in cooperative R&D ventures.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521430159
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 284
Book Description
This book examines product-line diversification of large manufacturing firms. It introduces and applies methodology that discerns groups of manufacturing industries related by complementarities in production, marketing, distribution, and research and development activities. Manufacturing firms intentionally vary production to exploit these complementarities, and Professor Scott uses evidence from U.S. manaufacturing to explore hypotheses about such purposive diversification and ensuing economic performance, including product diversification's effects on both static efficiency and the optimality of R&D investment. This study yields new perspectives on the policy debate about cooperation versus competition among firms: will industrial performance be better if leading firms cooperate on research, production, and marketing? Professor Scott shows that the answers depend on circumstances that vary with different industrial environments. His analysis offers insights about business strategy and public policy toward business combinations in conglomerate, vertical, and horizontal mergers and in cooperative R&D ventures.