Process Flow Strategies for Biomass Conversion Technologies PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Process Flow Strategies for Biomass Conversion Technologies PDF full book. Access full book title Process Flow Strategies for Biomass Conversion Technologies by Shalaka Burlawar. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Shalaka Burlawar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
Lignocellulosic biomass has the potential to replace petroleum derived feedstocks, and many different chemical processes can be utilized to convert biomass to chemicals, fuels, and materials. Increasing the solids concentrations of biomass to 20-40\% in suspension can reduce processing costs and produce high concentration output streams, which is desirable for further processing steps. However, concentrated suspensions are viscous, complex fluids which make mixing reactants and controlling reactions difficult. Therefore, understanding the rheology, heat, and mass transport of high solids biomass during reactive processing is essential to design efficient continuous flow reactors. For mixing biomass at high solids containing large particles (> 10 mm), a new mixing device, the Lignocellulosic Biomass Rheometer (LCBR) was built, constructed, and tested. The LCBR is also capable of measuring rheological properties of fibrous suspensions at high temperature (> 230C), high pressure (> 2.8 MPa), and low pH ( 1.0). Temperature dependent rheological properties of non-Brownian fiber suspensions of coarse polydisperse biomass and monodisperse synthetic fibers are measured in this novel rheometer. The relationships among fiber properties and rheological parameters in suspension are investigated. Many chemical processes can be used to convert biomass to fuels, chemicals, and materials. Recently, the use of the organic solvent, gamma-valerolactone (GVL) has been shown to be beneficial for complete solubilization of all biomass components. Kinetic models for hemicellulose hydrolysis of white birch are determined to produce sugar at lower temperatures ( 130C) in solvent mixtures of GVL, water, and acid. The optimal reaction conditions based on the model are identified for producing high xylose sugar yields ( 80%) and the results are experimentally validated at two solid loadings (4% and 20%). Finally, modifications of the LCBR are discussed to operate reactor in semi-batch flow-through operation to continuously measure the rheological changes as the reaction proceeds, which is critical information for scale up to continuous flow operation. This reactor system operated at high solids loading ( 20%) produces streams with high sugar yields (> 70%) for saccharification in a GVL/water mixture with low acid concentrations (0.05 - 2.0 wt.%) at elevated temperatures (120 - 220C).
Author: Shalaka Burlawar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
Lignocellulosic biomass has the potential to replace petroleum derived feedstocks, and many different chemical processes can be utilized to convert biomass to chemicals, fuels, and materials. Increasing the solids concentrations of biomass to 20-40\% in suspension can reduce processing costs and produce high concentration output streams, which is desirable for further processing steps. However, concentrated suspensions are viscous, complex fluids which make mixing reactants and controlling reactions difficult. Therefore, understanding the rheology, heat, and mass transport of high solids biomass during reactive processing is essential to design efficient continuous flow reactors. For mixing biomass at high solids containing large particles (> 10 mm), a new mixing device, the Lignocellulosic Biomass Rheometer (LCBR) was built, constructed, and tested. The LCBR is also capable of measuring rheological properties of fibrous suspensions at high temperature (> 230C), high pressure (> 2.8 MPa), and low pH ( 1.0). Temperature dependent rheological properties of non-Brownian fiber suspensions of coarse polydisperse biomass and monodisperse synthetic fibers are measured in this novel rheometer. The relationships among fiber properties and rheological parameters in suspension are investigated. Many chemical processes can be used to convert biomass to fuels, chemicals, and materials. Recently, the use of the organic solvent, gamma-valerolactone (GVL) has been shown to be beneficial for complete solubilization of all biomass components. Kinetic models for hemicellulose hydrolysis of white birch are determined to produce sugar at lower temperatures ( 130C) in solvent mixtures of GVL, water, and acid. The optimal reaction conditions based on the model are identified for producing high xylose sugar yields ( 80%) and the results are experimentally validated at two solid loadings (4% and 20%). Finally, modifications of the LCBR are discussed to operate reactor in semi-batch flow-through operation to continuously measure the rheological changes as the reaction proceeds, which is critical information for scale up to continuous flow operation. This reactor system operated at high solids loading ( 20%) produces streams with high sugar yields (> 70%) for saccharification in a GVL/water mixture with low acid concentrations (0.05 - 2.0 wt.%) at elevated temperatures (120 - 220C).
Author: Denny K. S. Ng Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118699157 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 383
Book Description
This book covers recent developments in process systems engineering (PSE) for efficient resource use in biomass conversion systems. It provides an overview of process development in biomass conversion systems with focus on biorefineries involving the production and coproduction of fuels, heating, cooling, and chemicals. The scope includes grassroots and retrofitting applications. In order to reach high levels of processing efficiency, it also covers techniques and applications of natural-resource (mass and energy) conservation. Technical, economic, environmental, and social aspects of biorefineries are discussed and reconciled. The assessment scales vary from unit- to process- and life-cycle or supply chain levels. The chapters are written by leading experts from around the world, and present an integrated set of contributions. Providing a comprehensive, multi-dimensional analysis of various aspects of bioenergy systems, the book is suitable for both academic researchers and energy professionals in industry.
Author: Nhuan Phu Nghiem Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031058356 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
This book focuses on the technologies developed for the conversion of all three biomass components, i.e. cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and their constituents, to fuels and high-value products. Both biochemical and thermochemical approaches are reviewed. Additionally, the developed technologies are described in detail and their potential applications as well as their commercial status are discussed. The early attempts to produce fuel ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass feedstock focused solely on the biological conversion of cellulose because the only organism that had been used successfully for commercial production of ethanol, i.e. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, could only ferment glucose, which was obtained from the hydrolysis of cellulose. Hemicellulose and lignin were considered as wastes in these processes and were normally removed in pretreatment processes to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of the remaining cellulose. However, this approach was not economically feasible and as a result, the biorefinery concept was developed. In a biorefinery, in addition to ethanol, various higher-value products are produced from hemicellulose and lignin, which were previously not considered. Consequently, technologies were developed for the fractionation of biomass and conversion of hemicellulose and lignin to fuels and high-value products to improve the economic feasibility. Written and edited by a team of investigators with many years of experience in biomass processing research and development, this book is an informative resource for postgraduate students and researchers interested in biorefinery and biofuel technologies both in academia- and commercial laboratories.
Author: Robert C. Brown Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119990998 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 340
Book Description
Thermochemical pathways for biomass conversion offer opportunities for rapid and efficient processing of diverse feedstocks into fuels, chemicals and power. Thermochemical processing has several advantages relative to biochemical processing, including greater feedstock flexibility, conversion of both carbohydrate and lignin into products, faster reaction rates, and the ability to produce a diverse selection of fuels. Thermochemical Processing of Biomass examines the large number of possible pathways for converting biomass into fuels, chemicals and power through the use of heat and catalysts. The book presents a practical overview of the latest research in this rapidly developing field, highlighting the fundamental chemistry, technical applications and operating costs associated with thermochemical conversion strategies. Bridging the gap between research and practical application, this book is written for engineering professionals in the biofuels industry, as well as academic researchers working in bioenergy, bioprocessing technology and chemical engineering. Topics covered include: Combustion Gasification Fast Pyrolysis Hydrothermal Processing Upgrading Syngas and Bio-oil Catalytic Conversion of Sugars to Fuels Hybrid Thermochemical/Biochemical Processing Economics of Thermochemical Conversion For more information on the Wiley Series in Renewable Resources, visit www.wiley.com/go/rrs
Author: Hongzhang Chen Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128025948 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
Technologies for Biochemical Conversion of Biomass introduces biomass biochemical conversion technology, including the pretreatment platform, enzyme platform, cell refining platform, sugar platform, fermentation platform, and post-treatment platform. Readers will find a systematic treatment, not only of the basics of biomass biochemical conversion and the introduction of each strategy, but also of the current advances of research in this area. Researchers will find the key problems in each technology platform for biomass biochemical conversion identified and solutions offered. This valuable reference book features new scientific research and the related industrial application of biomass biochemical conversion technology as the main content, and then systematically introduces the basic principles and applications of biomass biochemical conversion technology. Combines descriptions of these technologies to provide strategies and a platform for biochemical conversion in terms of basic knowledge, research advances, and key problems Summarizes models of biomass biochemical conversion for multiple products Presents products of biomass biochemical conversion from C1 to C10
Author: Chinnappan Baskar Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642284183 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 484
Book Description
The consumption of petroleum has surged during the 20th century, at least partially because of the rise of the automobile industry. Today, fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas provide more than three quarters of the world's energy. Unfortunately, the growing demand for fossil fuel resources comes at a time of diminishing reserves of these nonrenewable resources. The worldwide reserves of oil are sufficient to supply energy and chemicals for only about another 40 years, causing widening concerns about rising oil prices. The use of biomass to produce energy is only one form of renewable energy that can be utilized to reduce the impact of energy production and use on the global environment. Biomass can be converted into three main products such as energy, biofuels and fine chemicals using a number of different processes. Today, it is a great challenge for researchers to find new environmentally benign methodology for biomass conversion, which are industrially profitable as well. This book focuses on the conversion of biomass to biofuels, bioenergy and fine chemicals with the interface of biotechnology, microbiology, chemistry and materials science. An international scientific authorship summarizes the state-of-the-art of the current research and gives an outlook on future developments.
Author: M. Moo-Young Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483147673 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 220
Book Description
Biomass Conversion Technology: Principles and Practice covers all the aspects of biomass production and utilization, including fundamental principles as well as practical applications. The book presents papers on biomass pretreatment; the production of fuels and solvents; and the production of SCP. The text also includes papers on the production and action of cellulases as well as other biomass conversion technologies. Scientists, engineers and others who are interested in learning or reviewing some of the basics and current developments in biomass conversion technologies will find the book invaluable.
Author: David C. Dayton Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128156066 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 260
Book Description
Analytical Methods for Biomass Characterization and Conversion is a thorough resource for researchers, students and professors who investigate the use of biomass for fuels, chemicals and products. Advanced analytical chemistry methods and techniques can now provide detailed compositional and chemical measurements of biomass, biomass conversion process streams, intermediates and products. This volume from the Emerging Issues in Analytical Chemistry series brings together the current knowledge on each of these methods, including spectroscopic methods (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Near-infrared Spectroscopy, Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), pyrolysis (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry), Liquid Chromatography/High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry, and so on. Authors David C. Dayton and Thomas D. Foust show how these can be used for measuring biomass composition and for determining the composition of intermediates with regard to subsequent processing for biofuels, bio-chemicals and bio-based products. Covers the broad range of techniques and applications that have been developed and perfected in the last decade Highlights specific analyses required for understanding biomass conversion to select intermediates Provides references to seminal books, review articles and technical articles that go into greater depth, serving as a basis for further study
Author: Shri Ramaswamy Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 111849346X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 730
Book Description
Separation and purification processes play a critical role in biorefineries and their optimal selection, design and operation to maximise product yields and improve overall process efficiency. Separations and purifications are necessary for upstream processes as well as in maximising and improving product recovery in downstream processes. These processes account for a significant fraction of the total capital and operating costs and also are highly energy intensive. Consequently, a better understanding of separation and purification processes, current and possible alternative and novel advanced methods is essential for achieving the overall techno-economic feasibility and commercial success of sustainable biorefineries. This book presents a comprehensive overview focused specifically on the present state, future challenges and opportunities for separation and purification methods and technologies in biorefineries. Topics covered include: Equilibrium Separations: Distillation, liquid-liquid extraction and supercritical fluid extraction. Affinity-Based Separations: Adsorption, ion exchange, and simulated moving bed technologies. Membrane Based Separations: Microfiltration, ultrafiltration and diafiltration, nanofiltration, membrane pervaporation, and membrane distillation. Solid-liquid Separations: Conventional filtration and solid-liquid extraction. Hybrid/Integrated Reaction-Separation Systems: Membrane bioreactors, extractive fermentation, reactive distillation and reactive absorption. For each of these processes, the fundamental principles and design aspects are presented, followed by a detailed discussion and specific examples of applications in biorefineries. Each chapter also considers the market needs, industrial challenges, future opportunities, and economic importance of the separation and purification methods. The book concludes with a series of detailed case studies including cellulosic bioethanol production, extraction of algae oil from microalgae, and production of biopolymers. Separation and Purification Technologies in Biorefineries is an essential resource for scientists and engineers, as well as researchers and academics working in the broader conventional and emerging bio-based products industry, including biomaterials, biochemicals, biofuels and bioenergy.
Author: Qiang Liao Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811076774 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 473
Book Description
This book discusses recent trends and developments in the microbial conversion process, which serves as an important route for biofuel production, with particular attention to bioreactors. It combines microbial conversion with multiphase flow and mass transfer, providing an alternative perspective for the understanding of microbial biomass and energy production process as well as enhancement strategy. This book is relevant to students and researchers who work in the fields of renewable energy, engineering and biotechnology. Policymakers, economists and industry engineers also benefit from this book, as it can be used as a resource for the implementation of renewable energy technologies.
Author: Shalaka Burlawar
Author: Shalaka Burlawar
Author: Denny K. S. Ng
Author: Nhuan Phu Nghiem
Author: Robert C. Brown
Author: Hongzhang Chen
Author: Chinnappan Baskar
Author: M. Moo-Young
Author: David C. Dayton
Author: Shri Ramaswamy
Author: Qiang Liao