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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Presidential and vice presidential terms and tenure are governed by Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution, and the 20th and 22nd Amendments to the Constitution. Article II prescribes a four year term. Section 1 of the 20th Amendment provides that terms of office for the President and Vice President end at 12:00 noon on January 20th of each year following a presidential election. From 1789 through 1940, chief executives adhered to a self-imposed limit of two terms. That precedent was broken by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who was elected four times (1932, 1936, 1940, and 1944). The 22nd Amendment, proposed and ratified following the Roosevelt presidency, provides that "No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice ...." Further, Vice Presidents who succeed to the presidency can be elected to two full terms as President if they have served less than two years of their predecessor's term (up to 10 years of service). If they have served more than two years of a predecessor's term, they can be elected to only one additional term (between four and eight years of service, depending on when the Vice President succeeded to the presidency). It is unclear whether a two-term President could succeed to the presidency from the vice presidency or some other office in line of succession; experts disagree on whether this would be constitutional. Proposals for change have included both repeal of the 22nd Amendment and the two-term limitation, and substitution of a single six-year term for the President.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Presidential and vice presidential terms and tenure are governed by Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution, and the 20th and 22nd Amendments to the Constitution. Article II prescribes a four year term. Section 1 of the 20th Amendment provides that terms of office for the President and Vice President end at 12:00 noon on January 20th of each year following a presidential election. From 1789 through 1940, chief executives adhered to a self-imposed limit of two terms. That precedent was broken by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who was elected four times (1932, 1936, 1940, and 1944). The 22nd Amendment, proposed and ratified following the Roosevelt presidency, provides that "No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice ...." Further, Vice Presidents who succeed to the presidency can be elected to two full terms as President if they have served less than two years of their predecessor's term (up to 10 years of service). If they have served more than two years of a predecessor's term, they can be elected to only one additional term (between four and eight years of service, depending on when the Vice President succeeded to the presidency). It is unclear whether a two-term President could succeed to the presidency from the vice presidency or some other office in line of succession; experts disagree on whether this would be constitutional. Proposals for change have included both repeal of the 22nd Amendment and the two-term limitation, and substitution of a single six-year term for the President.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Whenever the office of President of the United States becomes vacant due to "removal ... death or resignation" of the chief executive, the Constitution provides that "the Vice President shall become President." When the office of Vice President becomes vacant for any reason, the President nominates a successor, who must be confirmed by a majority vote of both houses of Congress. If both of these offices are vacant simultaneously, then, under the Succession Act of 1947, the Speaker of the House of Representatives becomes President, after resigning from the House and as Speaker. If the speakership is also vacant, then the President Pro Tempore of the Senate becomes President, after resigning from the Senate and as President Pro Tempore. If both of these offices are vacant, or if the incumbents fail to qualify for any reason, then cabinet officers are eligible to succeed, in the order established by law (3 U.S.C. §19, see Table 3). In every case, a potential successor must be duly sworn in his or her previous office, and must meet other constitutional requirements for the presidency, i.e., be at least 35 years of age, a "natural born citizen," and for 14 years, a "resident within the United States." Succession-related provisions are derived from the Constitution, statutory law, and political precedents of the past two centuries. Since 1789, Vice Presidents have succeeded to the presidency on nine occasions, eight times due to the death of the incumbent, and once due to resignation (see Table 1). The vice presidency has become vacant on 18 occasions since 1789. Nine of these occurred when the Vice President succeeded to the presidency; seven resulted from the death of the incumbent; and two were due to resignation (see Table 2). The events of September 11, 2001 raised concerns about continuity in the presidency and succession issues in general. Following establishment of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), legislation to include the DHS secretary in the line of succession has been introduced in the 108th Congress: S. 148 , H.R. 1354, and H.R. 2319. All three would include the Secretary of Homeland Security in the line of succession following the Attorney General, while H.R. 2319 also makes further amendments to the Succession Act of 1947. Other measures would make major changes to existing succession law; these include H.R. 2749, S. 2073, S.Res. 419, or propose actions that would not require legislation (H.Res. 775 and S.Con.Res. 89). The Senate Committees on the Judiciary and Rules and Administration held a joint hearing September 16, 2003 to review the Succession Act of 1947 and the question of succession in general. For additional related information, please consult CRS Report RS20827, Presidential and Vice Presidential Terms and Tenure, by Thomas H. Neale, and CRS Report RS20260, Presidential Disability: An Overview, by Thomas H. Neale. This report will be updated as events warrant.
Author: Jody C Baumgartner Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield ISBN: 1442228903 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
It is quite possible that no elected office has been more historically maligned than the vice presidency of the United States. From the beginning of American politics the office has been the object of ridicule by scholars, pundits, humorists, citizens, and even vice presidents themselves. The perception among many is that institution and its occupants are at best irrelevant. Recent history would suggest otherwise, but as it stands no book exists that takes a detailed look at the new, impactful vice presidency that’s been forged since Clinton/Gore took office. The American Vice Presidency fills an important hole in the literature available to those interested in the modern vice presidency. Concise yet comprehensive, this book is the fullest and most accurate examination of the office to date, covering the origins and constitutional roots of the institution, its history, and the slow transformation of the office starting in the mid-twentieth century. Jody C Baumgartner and Thomas F. Crumblin highlight major changes in vice presidential selection as well as the new and various roles that vice presidents are being asked to play in their administrations. The book emphasizes the increasingly substantive Vice Presidencies of Gore, Cheney, and Biden and both informs and spurs the debate surrounding what form and role the Vice Presidency will take on moving forward.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Election of President, Vice-President, and Representatives in Congress Publisher: ISBN: Category : Presidents Languages : en Pages : 84
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Election of President, Vice-President, and Representatives in Congress Publisher: ISBN: Category : Constitutional amendments Languages : en Pages : 12
Author: Martin B. Gold Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield ISBN: 1498562671 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 401
Book Description
For nearly a century and a half, Americans lived by a powerful tradition in which no President served more than two terms. Then came Franklin Delano Roosevelt, restricted by custom but not by law, who won a third term in 1940 and a fourth in 1944. Believing that the broken norm would be breached again, the Republican-controlled eightieth Congress acted to restore it, passing a constitutional change in 1947 to formalize an absolute limit on presidential tenure. Ratified in 1951, the Twenty-second Amendment created a lame-duck out of every two-term incumbent since Truman and has had an enormous effect on the institution of the Presidency, public policy, and national politics. Critics believe the Amendment diminishes the presidential office; however, Martin B. Gold contends it serves to maintain checks and balances central to the American Constitution while examining Presidents and term limits, from the spirited debates in the Constitution Convention, the role of custom in an unwritten Constitution, and the Twenty-second Amendment itself.
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Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
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Author: Allan P. Sindler
Author: Jody C Baumgartner
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Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Election of President, Vice-President, and Representatives in Congress
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Election of President, Vice-President, and Representatives in Congress
Author: Martin B. Gold