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Author: Sui Huang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 178
Book Description
Abstract: There have been voluminous studies upon the potential predictive power of students' non-cognitive attributes such as self-confidence, motivation and student's interaction with institutions on their collegiate performance. While much effort have been put towards identifying the utilities of these attributes, little endeavors have been made to design a concise yet precise composite measure of all the collegiate performance-related non-cognitive attributes. Such measure could be beneficial not just to the future research studies about non-cognitive correlates of students' academic performance in college; it could also be more than informative to the admission officials in higher institutions. The initial intent of this study was to develop an instrument to measure relevant non-cognitive drivers of students' academic performance in college. A Meta analysis was conducted to guide the selection of non-cognitive constructs to include in the proposed instrument. Academic self-efficacy and achievement motivation were the two constructs that were shown to be significantly correlated with students' academic performance in college across research studies. Considering the momentum that student engagement is acquiring in evaluating the quality of higher institutions and predicting students' success in college, the author also included student engagement as one of the constructs to measure. Items were created for each of the aforementioned constructs by reviewing, selecting and revising the existing measures. Face and content validity were established through expert reviews. A forty item initial survey were sent out electronically in two mid-west higher institutions. 497 responses from two Ohio higher institutions were collected. Reliability of the proposed instrument was initially established based on Cronbach's alpha. Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory as well as Exploratory Factor Analysis were conducted in the refinement of the instrument. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was utilized to validate the construct validity of the final survey, which was consist of the 20 selected items from the initial survey. A structural equation exploration was conducted after establishing the reliability and validity of the proposed survey with the intent of studying the added values of non-cognitive attributes on students' cumulative GPA in college after controlling for the influence of their prior success, which was measured by their high school GPA and SAT scores. Two hypothesized models were tested and compared. Results indicated that students' non-cognitive constructs (i.e. Academic self-efficacy, achievement motivation and student engagement) have significant influence on students' cumulative GPA in college while not taking into account their prior academic success. However, when students' prior academic success was included as covariate in the model, most of the aforementioned non-cognitive attributes were no longer significant predictors of their academic performance in college, which in other words could be interpreted that the aforementioned students' non-cognitive constructs are, to some degree, proxies of their prior academic success, which ultimately influence their performance in college.
Author: Sui Huang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 178
Book Description
Abstract: There have been voluminous studies upon the potential predictive power of students' non-cognitive attributes such as self-confidence, motivation and student's interaction with institutions on their collegiate performance. While much effort have been put towards identifying the utilities of these attributes, little endeavors have been made to design a concise yet precise composite measure of all the collegiate performance-related non-cognitive attributes. Such measure could be beneficial not just to the future research studies about non-cognitive correlates of students' academic performance in college; it could also be more than informative to the admission officials in higher institutions. The initial intent of this study was to develop an instrument to measure relevant non-cognitive drivers of students' academic performance in college. A Meta analysis was conducted to guide the selection of non-cognitive constructs to include in the proposed instrument. Academic self-efficacy and achievement motivation were the two constructs that were shown to be significantly correlated with students' academic performance in college across research studies. Considering the momentum that student engagement is acquiring in evaluating the quality of higher institutions and predicting students' success in college, the author also included student engagement as one of the constructs to measure. Items were created for each of the aforementioned constructs by reviewing, selecting and revising the existing measures. Face and content validity were established through expert reviews. A forty item initial survey were sent out electronically in two mid-west higher institutions. 497 responses from two Ohio higher institutions were collected. Reliability of the proposed instrument was initially established based on Cronbach's alpha. Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory as well as Exploratory Factor Analysis were conducted in the refinement of the instrument. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was utilized to validate the construct validity of the final survey, which was consist of the 20 selected items from the initial survey. A structural equation exploration was conducted after establishing the reliability and validity of the proposed survey with the intent of studying the added values of non-cognitive attributes on students' cumulative GPA in college after controlling for the influence of their prior success, which was measured by their high school GPA and SAT scores. Two hypothesized models were tested and compared. Results indicated that students' non-cognitive constructs (i.e. Academic self-efficacy, achievement motivation and student engagement) have significant influence on students' cumulative GPA in college while not taking into account their prior academic success. However, when students' prior academic success was included as covariate in the model, most of the aforementioned non-cognitive attributes were no longer significant predictors of their academic performance in college, which in other words could be interpreted that the aforementioned students' non-cognitive constructs are, to some degree, proxies of their prior academic success, which ultimately influence their performance in college.
Author: Jeffrey A. Rosen Publisher: RTI Press ISBN: 1934831026 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 216
Book Description
This book provides an overview of recent research on the relationship between noncognitive attributes (motivation, self efficacy, resilience) and academic outcomes (such as grades or test scores). We focus primarily on how these sets of attributes are measured and how they relate to important academic outcomes. Noncognitive attributes are those academically and occupationally relevant skills and traits that are not “cognitive”—that is, not specifically intellectual or analytical in nature. We examine seven attributes in depth and critique the measurement approaches used by researchers and talk about how they can be improved.
Author: Taisha L. Caldwell Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
The aim of the current study was to explore the effects of non-cognitive variables in predicting GPA, institutional commitment, and retention in a sample of African American college students. Specifically, the researcher examined the validity in measuring and utilizing culture specific factors in identifying and intervening with first-year college students. Participants were given measures of positive self-concept, cultural mistrust, cultural congruity, managing discrimination, seeking help, educational value, and financial preparation in addition to a standard measure of non-cognitive predictors. Additionally, participants received one of three interventions (waitlist-control, academic advising, and culturally infused academic advising) with the intent to improve non-cognitive functioning. Analyses of the results suggest that cultural components significantly impact student performance and institutional commitment. No evidence was found to support a change in retention. Implications of these finding and limitations to this study are discussed.
Author: Paul Orscheln Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic Dissertations Languages : en Pages : 85
Book Description
The purpose of this study was to determine if noncognitive variables, alone or in combination with standardized test score (ACT or SAT) and/or high school grade point average, can predict student success (first-semester grade point average, first to second year retention and five year graduation rate) for 154 academically at-risk college freshmen admitted into the Conditional Admissions Program (CAP) at the University of Central Missouri for the Fall 2007 semester. In this investigation, student success was defined as a first semester GPA of 2.0 or higher, retaining to the second year and graduating within a five year time frame. Through the six- question short answer-style Insight Resume, noncognitive attributes were evaluated based on each student's life experiences and what they learned from those experiences. Correlations were calculated measuring the relationship between the Insight Resume and the dependent variables. Findings revealed there were only slight correlations between Insight Resume score and earning a first semester GPA of 2.0 or greater, retaining from the first to the second year, and graduating in five years. In addition, logistic regression was used to measure the predictive value of the combination of the Insight Resume scores, HSGPA and composite ACT scores on predicting first semester GPA of 2.0 or higher, retention from year one to year two, or five year graduation rate. Results indicated that there was no indication any of the predictor variables significantly improved the ability to predict earning a first semester GPA of 2.0 or higher or whether a student would retain or graduate.
Author: Myint Swe Khine Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9463005919 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 437
Book Description
This volume addresses questions that lie at the core of research into education. It examines the way in which the institutional embeddedness and the social and ethnic composition of students affect educational performance, skill formation, and behavioral outcomes. It discusses the manner in which educational institutions accomplish social integration. It poses the question of whether they can reduce social inequality, – or whether they even facilitate the transformation of heterogeneity into social inequality. Divided into five parts, the volume offers new insights into the many factors, processes and policies that affect performance levels and social inequality in educational institutions. It presents current empirical work on social processes in educational institutions and their outcomes. While its main focus is on the primary and secondary level of education and on occupational training, the book also presents analyses of institutional effects on transitions from vocational training into tertiary educational institutions in an interdisciplinary and internationally comparative approach.
Author: William Sedlacek Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 1000981282 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
Co-published in association with Big Picture Learning.Measuring Noncognitive Variables: Improving Admissions, Success, and Retention for Underrepresented Students is written for admissions professionals, counselors, faculty and advisers who admit, teach, or work with students during the admissions process and post-enrollment period. It brings together theory, research and practice related to noncognitive variables in a practical way by using assessment methods provided at no cost. Noncognitive variables have been shown to correlate with the academic success of students of all races, cultures, and backgrounds. Noncognitive variables include personal and social dimensions, adjustment, motivation, and student perceptions, rather than the traditional verbal and quantitative areas (often called cognitive) typically measured by standardized tests.Key Features include:* Models that raise concepts related to innovation, diversity and racism in proactive ways* Examples of admission and post-enrollment applications that show how schools and programs can use noncognitive variables in a variety of ways * Additional examples from foundations, professional associations, and K-12 programs* An overview of the limitations of traditional assessment methods such as admission tests, grades, and courses takenEducation professionals involved in the admissions process will find this guide effectively informs their practice. This guide is also appropriate as a textbook in a range of courses offered in Higher Education and Student Affairs Masters and PhD programs.
Author: Rebecca Zwick Publisher: Harvard University Press ISBN: 0674977661 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 180
Book Description
When it comes to the hotly disputed topic of college admissions, the one thing everyone agrees about is that it’s unfair. But there is little agreement on what a fair process would be. Rebecca Zwick takes a hard look at the high-stakes competition of U.S. college admissions today. Illustrating her points using analyses of survey data from applicants to the nation’s top colleges and universities, she assesses the goals of different admissions systems and the fairness of criteria—from high school grades and standardized test scores to race, socioeconomic status, and students’ academic aspirations. The demographic makeup of the class and the educational outcomes of its students can vary substantially, depending upon how an institution approaches its task. Who Gets In? considers the merits and flaws of competing approaches and demonstrates that admissions policies can sometimes fail to produce the desired results. For example, some nontraditional selection methods can hurt more than help the students they are intended to benefit. As Zwick shows, there is no objective way to evaluate admissions systems—no universal definition of student merit or blanket entitlement to attend college. Some schools may hope to attract well-rounded students, while others will focus on specific academic strengths. What matters most is that a school’s admissions policy reflects its particular educational philosophy. Colleges should be free to include socioeconomic and racial preferences among their admissions criteria, Zwick contends, but they should strive for transparency about the factors they use to evaluate applicants.
Author: Amanda E. Craddock Publisher: ISBN: Category : Academic achievement Languages : en Pages : 155
Book Description
Cognitive factors, such as standardized test scores and high school grade point average, have historically been used to predict college success. Many colleges and universities place great importance on these cognitive factors when making admissions decisions. However, enrollment leaders question the predictive validity of these factors due to recent studies advocating for the use of noncognitive assessments. The purpose of this study was to examine the role that noncognitive attributes have in predicting college student success and whether their predictive power is greater than that of standardized test scores and high school grade point average. This study employed a quantitative methodology using a correlational predictive research design. The study investigated the Student Strengths Inventory (SSI) assessment results on 1,104 first-year students at a mid-sized public regional comprehensive university in the southeast United States. The SSI results were analyzed to determine if the SSI noncognitive subscales (educational commitment, academic engagement, academic self-efficacy, resiliency, social comfort, and campus engagement) predict first-year grade point average and retention better than standardized test scores and high school grade point average. The study's findings showed that academic self-efficacy, academic engagement, resiliency, campus engagement, high school GPA, and SAT score were statistically significant in predicting first-year GPA. The study's second finding showed that the only significant predictor of retention was high school GPA. Implications of this study are to quantify the role that noncognitive attributes have in predicting student success and how higher education institutions might assess these variables as part of the admissions process.
Author: Sui Huang
Author: Sui Huang
Author: Jeffrey A. Rosen
Author: Taisha L. Caldwell
Author: 
Author: Paul Orscheln
Author: Myint Swe Khine
Author: William Sedlacek
Author: Rebecca Zwick
Author: Amanda E. Craddock
Author: Jack Buckley