Predicting Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle Through the Use of Linear Measurements PDF Download

Author: Donald Neil Moore
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beef cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 98

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Author: Jason R. Bowey
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321062939
Category : Beef cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 73

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The objectives of this study were to evaluate animal performance and actual feed efficiency and how they relate to model predictions through feed allocation models. In addition, ultrasound measures, scrotal circumference, and molecular value predictions (MVP) were compiled to correlate for associations with efficiency. Six hundred forty-eight growing bulls comprised of Angus, Hereford, and percentage Simmental were placed on intake trials. Data was collected for intake, weight change, and animal performance at either 14-28 d intervals. Feed intake was also predicted with 2 biological simulation models: a) Cornell Value Discovery System and b) NRC update 2000 level 2. Observed residual feed intake (oRFI) was estimated using observed feed intake in a linear statistical model. Observed feed conversion ratio (oFCR) was estimated as observed feed intake divided by average daily gain. Observed partial efficiency of growth (oPEG) was calculated as ADG divided by the difference between dry matter intake and intake for maintenance from published standards. Observed relative growth rate (oRGR) and observed kleiber ratio (oKR) was also determined as the difference between the log of final BW and initial BW over the number of days on test and as the ratio of ADG to metabolic body weight, respectively. Each model also held a prediction for the various feed efficiency measures using feed allocation estimates and projected weight gains in their determinations. Data on feed efficiency measures on all 648 bulls, ultrasound measures and scrotal circumferences on 346 bulls, and hair samples on sixty-six half-blood Simmental bulls for a DNA analysis for MVP were collected and compiled. All data was correlated to determine relationships between feed efficiency measures, both observed and model predicted, as well as ultrasound, scrotal measures, and MVP data as they link to efficiency. Observed feed conversion ratio showed a high correlation both the CVDS FCR (cFCR, 0.769; P0.10) and the NRC FCR (nFCR, 0.847; P

Author: Samantha M. Rasmussen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beef cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 204

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Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) methodology is being used as a means to determine genetic merit in beef cattle by interrogating animal genomes and associating the findings with performance traits. The ability to predict future trait performance is highly attractive to beef cattle producers as they can make important management and financial decisions earlier and with more certainty. To fully realize the potential of SNP testing technology the methodology must be vetted to assure producer confidence. The purpose of this project is to assess three sources of information for beef cattle trait assessment. These information sources are: SNP testing, Expected Progeny Differences (EPDs) and direct animal measures. To conduct this study, young beef bulls (n = 181) consigned to the SIU Beef Evaluation Station were utilized in an 84-day period to obtain direct measures. The SIU Beef Evaluation Station uses the Calan-Broadbent confinement feeding system which allows researchers to monitor individual animal feed intake and weight gain. Feed efficiency traits are important to the cattle industry since feed is generally among the largest input cost to producers. The evaluation of bulls also assesses reproductive and carcass traits which are also important to the producer's financial success. Individual animal performance information was sent to the bull's respective breed association for determination of EPD's. Blood samples were submitted to a commercial company for SNP testing (Igentiy Gold and Igenity Beef Profile, Neogen, Lincoln, NE). Data was analyzed using pairwise comparisons by source of information. Pearson correlations were used to determine the direction and the strength for sources of information to vary together. Data was determined to be correlated when the correlation coefficient was 0.3 ≤ r ≤ −0.3. No correlation was observed between RFISIU :RFINEO (r = 0.042), RFINEO:F/GSIU (r = −0.09), RFISIU:ADGNEO (r = 0.091), RFISIU:ADGSIU (r = −0.039), RFINEO:ADGNEO (r = 0.236), BWNEO:BWSIU (r = 0.115), FRAMESIU:BWSIU (r = 0.111), FRAMESIU:BWEPD (r = 0.159), FRAMESIU:ADGSIU (r = 0.148), FRAMESIU:ADGNEO (r = -0.005), BWSIU:BWEPD (r = 0.256), and BWNEO:BWEPD (r = 0.226). Correlations were observed between RFISIU:F/GSIU (r = 0.455), ADGSIU :ADGNEO (r = 0.353), and FRAMESIU:BWNEO (r = 0.326). This study determined that beef bulls should continue to be performance tested due to discrepancies between sources of information for key animal performance traits. Assessment of SNPs used in the commercial test should continue.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030903695X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 96

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How much do animals eat? Why do eating patterns change? How do physiological, dietary, and environmental factors affect feed intake? This volume, a comprehensive overview of the latest animal feed intake research, answers these questions with detailed information about the feeding patterns of fishes, pigs, poultry, dairy cows, beef cattle, and sheep. Equations for calculating predicted feed intake are presented for each animal and are accompanied by charts, graphs, and tables.

Author: Ronald Earl Silcox
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bulls
Languages : en
Pages : 98

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Author: Rodney A. Hill
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470959525
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 328

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Book Description
Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry provides a thorough and concise overview of feed efficiency in beef cattle. It frames the great importance of feed efficiency to the industry and details the latest findings of the many scientific disciplines that intersect and aim to improve efficient and sustainable production of nutritious beef. The vast majority of production costs are directly tied to feed. With increased demand for grains to feed a rapidly increasing world population and to supply a new demand for alternative fuels, feed costs continue to increase. In recent years, the negative environmental impacts of inefficient feeding have also been realized; as such feed efficiency is an important factor in both economic viability and environmental sustainability of cattle production. Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry covers a broad range of topics ranging from economic evaluation of feed efficiency to the physiological and genetic bases of efficient conversion of feed to high quality beef. Chapters also look at how a fuller understanding of feed efficiency is leading to new selective breeding efforts to develop more efficient cattle. With wide-ranging coverage from leading international researchers, Feed Efficiency will be a valuable resource for producers who wish to understand the complexities, challenges, and opportunities to reduce their cost of production, for students studying the topic and for researchers and professionals working in the beef industry.

Author: Mario Luiz Chizzotti
Publisher: Brill Wageningen Academic
ISBN: 9789086863402
Category : Animal nutrition
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Variations in feeding frequency may lead to difference in utilization of dietary nutrients. The effects of feeding frequency have been tested in growing pigs and finishing pigs using respiratory quotient and postprandial kinetics of plasma metabolites. A reduced feeding frequency resulted in an increased lipogenesis and proteolysis shortly after the meal both in growing and finishing pigs. Nevertheless, growing and finishing pigs exhibit different metabolic pathways when feeding frequency is reduced.

Author: Colin G. Scanes
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351648136
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 509

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Book Description
There is increasing interest in the biology of domestic animals ranging from genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, nutritional physiology, and systems biology. This book touches on all of these, with a particular focus on topics such as domestic animals as comparative models to humans, molecular regulation of growth, metabolic efficiency, reproduction, and the impact of stress on growth and development. The book concludes with a discussion on the current and future directions for researchers.

Author: Subcommittee on Beef Cattle Nutrition
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309069343
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 249

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As members of the public becomes more concious of the food they consume and its content, higher standards are expected in the preparation of such food. The updated seventh edition of Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle explores the impact of cattle's biological, production, and environmental diversities, as well as variations on nutrient utilization and requirements. More enhanced than previous editions, this edition expands on the descriptions of cattle and their nutritional requirements taking management and environmental conditions into consideration. The book clearly communicates the current state of beef cattle nutrient requirements and animal variation by visually presenting related data via computer-generated models. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle expounds on the effects of beef cattle body condition on the state of compensatory growth, takes an in-depth look at the variations in cattle type, and documents the important effects of the environment and stress on food intake. This volume also uses new data on the development of a fetus during pregnancy to prescribe nutrient requirements of gestating cattle more precisely. By focusing on factors such as product quality and environmental awareness, Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle presents standards and advisements for acceptable nutrients in a complete and conventional manner that promotes a more practical understanding and application.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309031818
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 169

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