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Author: Xintong Lyu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Silicon carbide Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
Silicon Carbide (SiC) power devices become popular in electric/hybrid vehicles, energy storage power converters, high power industrial converters, locomotive traction drives and electric aircrafts. Compared with its silicon counterparts, SiC metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) feature higher blocking voltage, higher operating temperature, higher thermal conductivity, faster switching speed, and lower switching loss. This dissertation studies the medium voltage SiC power switch design, packaging, reliability testing and protection, aiming to achieve high power density low cost design with improved reliability. This work first investigates medium voltage SiC MOSFET short circuit capability and degradation under short circuit events. Lower short circuit energy is an effective approach to protect the medium voltage SiC MOSFET from catastrophic failure and slow down the device degradation under repeated over-current conditions. To ensure high efficiency operation under normal conditions and effective protection under short circuit condition, a three-step short circuit protection method is proposed. With ultra-fast detection, the protection scheme can quickly respond to the short circuit events and actively lower the device gate voltage to enhance its short circuit capability. Eventually, the conventional desaturation protection circuits confirm the faulty condition and softly turns off the device. Based on the 3300 V SiC MOSFET characteristic and circuit parameters, the protection circuit design guideline is provided. The exploration on the medium voltage SiC MOSFET packaging follows. To further increase the power density, the medium voltage SiC device packaging becomes a multi-disciplinary subject involving electrical, thermal, and mechanical design. Multi-functional package components are desired to deal with more than one concerns in the application. The relationship between electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties needs to be understood and carefully designed to achieve a fully integrated high-performance power module. The adoption of ceramic baseplate is assessed in the aspects of the insulation design, the thermal design, the power loop layout, the electromagnetic interference considerations, respectively. Mathematical models, simulations, and experimental results are presented to verify the analysis. The adoption of the medium voltage SiC MOSFETs in the various application is slowed by its unclear long-term reliability and high cost. The reliability issue can be mitigated by the aforementioned three-step protection method. An economic alternative for medium voltage power switch is the super-cascode structure. The super-cascode structure is composed of series connected low voltage MOSFET and normally-on junction gate field-effect transistors (JFETs). The voltage balancing among series connected devices is realized by the added capacitors and diodes. Circuit models during the switching transients are built. Based on the developed models, a method to optimize the voltage balancing circuit parameters is proposed. The analysis and optimization method are verified by the experimental results. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to see the impact of the capacitance tolerance. Conclusions and recommendations for future work are presented at the end of this dissertation.
Author: Xintong Lyu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Silicon carbide Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
Silicon Carbide (SiC) power devices become popular in electric/hybrid vehicles, energy storage power converters, high power industrial converters, locomotive traction drives and electric aircrafts. Compared with its silicon counterparts, SiC metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) feature higher blocking voltage, higher operating temperature, higher thermal conductivity, faster switching speed, and lower switching loss. This dissertation studies the medium voltage SiC power switch design, packaging, reliability testing and protection, aiming to achieve high power density low cost design with improved reliability. This work first investigates medium voltage SiC MOSFET short circuit capability and degradation under short circuit events. Lower short circuit energy is an effective approach to protect the medium voltage SiC MOSFET from catastrophic failure and slow down the device degradation under repeated over-current conditions. To ensure high efficiency operation under normal conditions and effective protection under short circuit condition, a three-step short circuit protection method is proposed. With ultra-fast detection, the protection scheme can quickly respond to the short circuit events and actively lower the device gate voltage to enhance its short circuit capability. Eventually, the conventional desaturation protection circuits confirm the faulty condition and softly turns off the device. Based on the 3300 V SiC MOSFET characteristic and circuit parameters, the protection circuit design guideline is provided. The exploration on the medium voltage SiC MOSFET packaging follows. To further increase the power density, the medium voltage SiC device packaging becomes a multi-disciplinary subject involving electrical, thermal, and mechanical design. Multi-functional package components are desired to deal with more than one concerns in the application. The relationship between electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties needs to be understood and carefully designed to achieve a fully integrated high-performance power module. The adoption of ceramic baseplate is assessed in the aspects of the insulation design, the thermal design, the power loop layout, the electromagnetic interference considerations, respectively. Mathematical models, simulations, and experimental results are presented to verify the analysis. The adoption of the medium voltage SiC MOSFETs in the various application is slowed by its unclear long-term reliability and high cost. The reliability issue can be mitigated by the aforementioned three-step protection method. An economic alternative for medium voltage power switch is the super-cascode structure. The super-cascode structure is composed of series connected low voltage MOSFET and normally-on junction gate field-effect transistors (JFETs). The voltage balancing among series connected devices is realized by the added capacitors and diodes. Circuit models during the switching transients are built. Based on the developed models, a method to optimize the voltage balancing circuit parameters is proposed. The analysis and optimization method are verified by the experimental results. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to see the impact of the capacitance tolerance. Conclusions and recommendations for future work are presented at the end of this dissertation.
Author: Zhehui Guo Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electrical engineering Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The newly emerged medium-voltage (MV) silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs, spanning 2.5 kV to 15 kV range, are under the rapid developments and have received increasing attention recently. Compared to Si devices, SiC MOSFETs have significant improvements on the blocking voltage, specific on-resistance, switching speed and operating temperature. Therefore, MV SiC MOSFETs have a great potential to improve the efficiency and power density of MV converters, and meanwhile to drive down the system complexity. As the interface between MV SiC MOSFETs and control circuits, gate driver (GD) performance is critical to fully leverage the potential benefits of SiC devices as well as to enhance the reliability, such as the sufficient common-mode (CM) transient immunity (CMTI) and fast fault protection. Since there is little commercial GDs for MV SiC MOFETs, the research on MV GDs is still being explored, mainly focusing on the isolated GD power supply (GDPS) and fault protection designs. Existing MV GD solutions exhibit bulky size and high cost, since they not only require bulky GDPS to transmit GD power, but also need costly fiber optics (FOs) to transmit gate/ fault signals. State-of-the-art (SOA) GDPSs have demonstrated a reduced size aiming at the MV insulation requirement, but the total GD volume is still comparable or larger than the MV SiC devices. This dissertation proposes the power-signal integrated GD for MV SiC MOSFETs to minimize the GD footprint, which helps to integrate the GD into MV SiC device packages. This concept is utilized to firstly propose a 20-MHz dual-transformer-based isolated GD with power-signal integrated transmission. It not only removes costly FOs and bulky GDPSs, but also achieves the good timing performance including the full PWM duty-cycle range operation, low propagation delay time, and high PWM duty-cycle resolution. The solid-dielectrics-based insulation scheme is applied for proposed GD, which enables an insulating voltage > 10 kV rms for MV requirements as well as a moderate coupling capacitance to enhance the CMTI. The experimental results have verified the validity of proposed 20-MHz dual-transformer-based power-signal integrated GD for 3.3-kV and 10-kV SiC MOSFETs. To further reduce both the coupling capacitance and footprint of the power-signal integrated GD for MV SiC MOSFETs, a 50-MHz single-transformer-based design is then proposed, and its performance has been experimentally verified by driving 10-kV SiC MOSFET. The PD performance of GD transformer under the high frequency, high dv/dt PWM voltage excitation is also characterized using photo-multiplier tube method. Due to the lack of comprehensive and quantitative design principles, the conventional DESAT protection circuit parameters usually require trail-and-error efforts to achieve both the sufficient noise immunity to high dv/dt and fast fault response time. To address this issue, the quantitative design constraints and optimization methodology for DESAT circuit parameters are developed with little tuning work. The proposed DESAT circuit parameter design and optimization methodology has been experimentally verified on 3.3-kV SiC MOSFET module. The conventional DESAT protection scheme cannot be applied into switched-capacitor-based converters due to the inrush current spike occurring at the converter commutation. To eliminate the false-triggering issue induced by the inrush current, a novel charge-based DESAT protection scheme is proposed, where the "fault charge" rather than "fault current" is selected for the fault diagnosis. The proposed charge-based DESAT protection scheme considers the accumulation of fault current over time and thus can screen the narrow inrush current spikes with high magnitude. The proposed charge-based DESAT protection scheme has been designed and experimentally verified on 3.3-kV discrete SiC MOSFETs.
Author: B Jayant Baliga Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9814478946 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 526
Book Description
Power semiconductor devices are widely used for the control and management of electrical energy. The improving performance of power devices has enabled cost reductions and efficiency increases resulting in lower fossil fuel usage and less environmental pollution. This book provides the first cohesive treatment of the physics and design of silicon carbide power devices with an emphasis on unipolar structures. It uses the results of extensive numerical simulations to elucidate the operating principles of these important devices.
Author: B Jayant Baliga Publisher: ISBN: 9789811284274 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Silicon Carbide power devices are being increasingly adopted for many applications such as electric vehicles and charging stations. There is a large demand for a resource to learn and understand the basic physics of operation of these devices to create engineers with in depth knowledge about them.This unique compendium provides a comprehensive design guide for Silicon Carbide power devices. It systematically describes the device structures and analytical models for computing their characteristics. The device structures included are the Schottky diode, JBS rectifier, power MOSFET, JBSFET, IGBT and BiDFET. Unique structures that address achieving excellent voltage blocking and on-resistance are emphasized.This useful textbook and reference innovations for achieving superior high frequency operation and highlights manufacturing technology for the devices. The book will benefit professionals, academics, researchers and graduate students in the fields of electrical and electronic engineering, circuits and systems, semiconductors, and energy studies.
Author: B. Jayant Baliga Publisher: Woodhead Publishing ISBN: 0081023073 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 420
Book Description
Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Power Devices: Materials, Physics, Design and Applications provides readers with a single resource on why these devices are superior to existing silicon devices. The book lays the groundwork for an understanding of an array of applications and anticipated benefits in energy savings. Authored by the Founder of the Power Semiconductor Research Center at North Carolina State University (and creator of the IGBT device), Dr. B. Jayant Baliga is one of the highest regarded experts in the field. He thus leads this team who comprehensively review the materials, device physics, design considerations and relevant applications discussed. Comprehensively covers power electronic devices, including materials (both gallium nitride and silicon carbide), physics, design considerations, and the most promising applications Addresses the key challenges towards the realization of wide bandgap power electronic devices, including materials defects, performance and reliability Provides the benefits of wide bandgap semiconductors, including opportunities for cost reduction and social impact
Author: Fei "Fred" Wang Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119794250 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 692
Book Description
DESIGN OF THREE-PHASE AC POWER ELECTRONICS CONVERTERS Comprehensive resource on design of power electronics converters for three-phase AC applications Design of Three-phase AC Power Electronics Converters contains a systematic discussion of the three-phase AC converter design considering various electrical, thermal, and mechanical subsystems and functions. Focusing on establishing converter components and subsystems models needed for the design, the text demonstrates example designs for these subsystems and for the whole three-phase AC converters considering interactions among subsystems. The design methods apply to different applications and topologies. The text presents the basics of the three-phase AC converter, its design, and the goal and organization of the book, focusing on the characteristics and models important to the converter design for components commonly used in three-phase AC converters. The authors present the design of subsystems, including passive rectifiers, inverters and active rectifiers, electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters, thermal management system, control and auxiliaries, mechanical system, and application considerations, and discuss design optimization, which presents methodology to achieve optimal design results for three-phase AC converters. Specific sample topics covered in Design of Three-phase AC Power Electronics Converters include: Models and characteristics for devices most commonly used in three-phase converters, including conventional Si devices, and emerging SiC and GaN devices Models and selection of various capacitors; characteristics and design of magnetics using different types of magnetic cores, with a focus on inductors Optimal three-phase AC converter design including design and selection of devices, AC line inductors, DC bus capacitors, EMI filters, heatsinks, and control. The design considers both steady-state and transient conditions Load and source impact converter design, such as motors and grid condition impacts For researchers and graduate students in power electronics, along with practicing engineers working in the area of three-phase AC converters, Design of Three-phase AC Power Electronics Converters serves as an essential resource for the subject and may be used as a textbook or industry reference.
Author: Alberto Castellazzi Publisher: ISBN: 9781523142552 Category : Languages : en Pages : 425
Book Description
Wide Bandgap semiconductor devices offer higher efficiency, smaller size, less weight, and longer lifetime, with applications in power grid electronics and electromobility. This book describes the state of advanced packaging solutions for novel wide-band-gap semiconductors, specifically silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs and diodes.
Author: Gourab Majumdar Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351262319 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 336
Book Description
The growth of power electronics, centering on inverters and converters as its key system topology, has accelerated recently due to the demand for efficient power conversion. This growth has also been backed up by several evolutionary changes and breakthroughs achieved in the areas of power semiconductor device physics, process technology, and design. However, as power semiconductor technology remains a highly specialized subject, the literature on further research, development, and design in related fields is not adequate. With this in view, two specialists of power semiconductors, well known for their research and contributions to the field, compiled this book as a review volume focusing on power chip and module technologies. The prime purpose is to help researchers, academia, and engineers, engaged in areas related to power devices and power electronics, better understand the evolutionary growth of major power device components, their operating principles, design aspects, application features, and trends. The book is filled with unique topics related to power semiconductors, including tips on state-of-the-art and futuristic-oriented applications. Numerous diagrams, illustrations, and graphics are included to adequately support the content and to make the book extremely attractive as a practical and user-friendly reference book for researchers, technologists, and engineers, as well as a textbook for advanced graduate-level and postgraduate students.
Author: Muhammad H. Rashid Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323993435 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1472
Book Description
Power Electronics Handbook, Fifth Edition delivers an expert guide to power electronics and their applications. The book examines the foundations of power electronics, power semiconductor devices, and power converters, before reviewing a constellation of modern applications. Comprehensively updated throughout, this new edition features new sections addressing current practices for renewable energy storage, transmission, integration, and operation, as well as smart-grid security, intelligent energy, artificial intelligence, and machine learning applications applied to power electronics, and autonomous and electric vehicles. This handbook is aimed at practitioners and researchers undertaking projects requiring specialist design, analysis, installation, commissioning, and maintenance services. Provides a fully comprehensive work addressing each aspect of power electronics in painstaking depth Delivers a methodical technical presentation in over 1500 pages Includes 50+ contributions prepared by leading experts Offers practical support and guidance with detailed examples and applications for lab and field experimentation Includes new technical sections on smart-grid security and intelligent energy, artificial intelligence, and machine learning applications applied to power electronics and autonomous and electric vehicles Features new chapter level templates and a narrative progression to facilitate understanding
Author: Xintong Lyu
Author: Xintong Lyu
Author: Zhehui Guo
Author: B Jayant Baliga
Author: B Jayant Baliga
Author: B. Jayant Baliga
Author: Fei "Fred" Wang
Author: Ashot Melkonyan
Author: Alberto Castellazzi
Author: Gourab Majumdar
Author: Muhammad H. Rashid