Positron Emission Particle Tracking Applied to Solid-liquid Mixing in Mechanically Agitated Vessels PDF Download

Author: Antonio Guida
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 269

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Mechanically agitated vessels are widely used for various mixing operations within a wide range of industries including the chemical, pharmaceutical, food and petroleum industries. They are used for liquid blending, solid-liquid mixing, gas dispersion in liquids, heat/mass transfer enhancement and chemical reaction. Mixing is intrinsically a Lagrangian process and, whilst Eulerian data are essential, Lagrangian information is necessary for its complete description. Possible approaches of generating Lagrangian data can, in principle, employ numerical simulations or experimental techniques based on Lagrangian tracking to provide the trajectories of fluid elements or solid particles. In this work a set of tools are developed for the analysis and theoretical validation of Lagrangian single and multi-phase flow data obtained from tracer trajectories in mechanically agitated vessels. Whilst theoretical procedures developed here exploit a large range of mathematical and statistical concepts with Shannon entropy being an example, the computational data analysis often involved handling and sequential processing of multidimensional matrices containing several millions of data points. Computational codes were developed for performing Lagrangian statistical data analysis, Lagrangian-Eulerian data conversion, Shannon entropy analysis, multi-phase mixing studies and detailed Eulerian multi-plane investigations. The implementation and power of these tools are demonstrated by analysing a wide range of measurements acquired using the technique of positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) during the mixing of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, as well as the mixing of highly concentrated solid-liquid systems. These multi-phase suspensions included monodisperse, binary and polydisperse solid-liquid suspensions. Experimental measurements obtained in these systems are unique and valuable in their own right as, for the first time, it has been possible to determine the full 3D velocity.

Author: P. J. Cullen
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9781444309881
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 304

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The mixing of liquids, solids and gases is one of the most commonunit operations in the food industry. Mixing increases thehomogeneity of a system by reducing non-uniformity or gradients incomposition, properties or temperature. Secondary objectives ofmixing include control of rates of heat and mass transfer,reactions and structural changes. In food processing applications,additional mixing challenges include sanitary design, complexrheology, desire for continuous processing and the effects ofmixing on final product texture and sensory profiles. Mixing ensures delivery of a product with constant properties. Forexample, consumers expect all containers of soups, breakfastcereals, fruit mixes, etc to contain the same amount of eachingredient. If mixing fails to achieve the requiredproduct yield, quality, organoleptic or functional attributes,production costs may increase significantly. This volume brings together essential information on theprinciples and applications of mixing within food processing. Whilethere are a number of creditable references covering generalmixing, such publications tend to be aimed at the chemical industryand so topics specific to food applications are often neglected.Chapters address the underlying principles of mixing, equipmentdesign, novel monitoring techniques and the numerical techniquesavailable to advance the scientific understanding of food mixing.Food mixing applications are described in detail. The book will be useful for engineers and scientists who need tospecify and select mixing equipment for specific processingapplications and will assist with the identification and solving ofthe wide range of mixing problems that occur in the food,pharmaceutical and bioprocessing industries. It will also be ofinterest to those who teach, study and research food science andfood engineering.

Author: Andrew Tsz-Chung Mak
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Kit Windows-Yule
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780750330718
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author: P. J. Cullen
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470710551
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 508

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Written in four parts, this book provides a dedicated and in-depth reference for blending within the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. It links the science of blending with regulatory requirements associated with pharmaceutical manufacture. The contributors are a combination of leading academic and industrial experts, who provide an informed and industrially relevant perspective of the topic. This is an essential book for the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, and related academic researchers in pharmaceutical science and chemical and mechanical engineering.

Author: Zong Ming Zhu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 189

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Book Description
In chemical and process industries, many operations require mixing of solid particles in liquids and are often carried out in mechanically-agitated tanks. This work is an experimental study of particle-liquid mixing at relatively high concentrations by using a matched refractive index method. The method has made it possible to conduct, at high concentrations, particle visualizations with a photographic technique and particle concentration measurement with a light transmission technique. Axial particle concentration profile and uniformity, particle motion pattern, and profile of unsuspended particles have been determined at a given tank scale and impeller size. Effects of impeller speed, impeller clearance, particle size and particle concentration have been examining ed using two impwller typeseller types.....

Author: S. N. Upadhyay
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mass transfer
Languages : en
Pages : 130

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Author: Vishwas G. Pangarkar
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118807561
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 532

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Book Description
Details simple design methods for multiphase reactors in the chemical process industries Includes basic aspects of transport in multiphase reactors and the importance of relatively reliable and simple procedures for predicting mass transfer parameters Details of design and scale up aspects of several important types of multiphase reactors Examples illustrated through design methodologies presenting different reactors for reactions that are industrially important Includes simple spreadsheet packages rather than complex algorithms / programs or computational aid

Author: Nasrolah Majidian
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 387

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A new tiechnique has been developed for following the progress of mixing in solid-liquid systems where the solids are less dense than the liquid The technique is based on the measurement of the mass of particles on the liquid surface and uses a monitoring device which consists of a combination of infra-red emitters - detectors to monitor the whole of the liquid surface. The technique offers a number of advantages and reduces the subjectivity usually associated with solid suspension experiments and facilitates the extension of this experiment to any type of vessel. The monitoring device can be calibrated in absolute terms to give the mass of particles on the surface at any time. This allows mixing to be described quantitatively and reproducibly as a function of impeller speed. The experimental work has been carried out in an agitated tank of 140mm diameter for a range of particle concentrations, using disc turbines, 4-bladed 45 degree pitched turbines and a marine propeller. A simple model was developed....