Author: Intratec Publisher: Intratec ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
This report presents a cost analysis of Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) production from glucose syrup and butanediol. The process examined is a combination of a process similar to Myriant process (for producing bio-succinic acid) with a process similar to Uhde Inventa-Fischer process. In this process, a 70 wt% glucose-water syrup is used as raw material for generating succinic acid and ammonium sulfate is generated as by-product. The succinic acid is then combined with This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8778656, issued to Myriant in 2014 (2) US Patent 20150065678, issued to Uhde Inventa-Fischer Gmbh in 2015 (3) US Patent 8604156, issued to Hitachi in 2013 Keywords: Dextrose, Butanedioic Acid, Anaerobic Fermentation, Bio-Succinic Acid, Bio-Butanediol, BDO, 2R Process, Biodegradable Polymer
Author: Trevor Letcher Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128178817 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 688
Book Description
Plastic Waste and Recycling: Environmental Impact, Societal Issues, Prevention, and Solutions begins with an introduction to the different types of plastic materials, their uses, and the concepts of reduce, reuse and recycle before examining plastic types, chemistry and degradation patterns that are organized by non-degradable plastic, degradable and biodegradable plastics, biopolymers and bioplastics. Other sections cover current challenges relating to plastic waste, explain the sources of waste and their routes into the environment, and provide systematic coverage of plastic waste treatment methods, including mechanical processing, monomerization, blast furnace feedstocks, gasification, thermal recycling, and conversion to fuel. This is an essential guide for anyone involved in plastic waste or recycling, including researchers and advanced students across plastics engineering, polymer science, polymer chemistry, environmental science, and sustainable materials. - Presents actionable solutions for reducing plastic waste, with a focus on the concepts of collection, re-use, recycling and replacement - Considers major societal and environmental issues, providing the reader with a broader understanding and supporting effective implementation - Includes detailed case studies from across the globe, offering unique insights into different solutions and approaches
Author: Khouloud Jlassi Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323461611 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 548
Book Description
Clay–Polymer Nanocomposites is a complete summary of the existing knowledge on this topic, from the basic concepts of synthesis and design to their applications in timely topics such as high-performance composites, environment, and energy issues. This book covers many aspects of synthesis such as in- situ polymerization within the interlamellar spacing of the clays or by reaction of pristine or pre-modified clays with reactive polymers and prepolymers. Indeed, nanocomposites can be prepared at industrial scale by melt mixing. Regardless the synthesis method, much is said in this book about the importance of theclay pre-modification step, which is demonstrated to be effective, on many occasions, in obtaining exfoliated nanocomposites. Clay–Polymer Nanocomposites reports the background to numerous characterization methods including solid state NMR, neutron scattering, diffraction and vibrational techniques as well as surface analytical methods, namely XPS, inverse gas chromatography and nitrogen adsorption to probe surface composition, wetting and textural/structural properties. Although not described in dedicated chapters, numerous X-ray diffraction patterns of clay–polymer nanocomposites and reference materials are displayed to account for the effects of intercalation and exfoliations of layered aluminosilicates. Finally, multiscale molecular simulation protocols are presenting for predicting morphologies and properties of nanostructured polymer systems with industrial relevance. As far as applications are concerned, Clay–Polymer Nanocomposites examines structural composites such as clay–epoxy and clay–biopolymers, the use of clay–polymer nanocomposites as reactive nanocomposite fillers, catalytic clay-(conductive) polymers and similar nanocomposites for the uptake of hazardous compounds or for controlled drug release, antibacterial applications, energy storage, and more. - The most comprehensive coverage of the state of the art in clay–polymer nanocomposites, from synthesis and design to opportunities and applications - Covers the various methods of characterization of clay–polymer nanocomposites - including spectroscopy, thermal analyses, and X-ray diffraction - Includes a discussion of a range of application areas, including biomedicine, energy storage, biofouling resistance, and more
Author: Khalid Mahmood Zia Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128123613 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 740
Book Description
Algae Based Polymers, Blends, and Composites: Chemistry, Biotechnology and Material Sciences offers considerable detail on the origin of algae, extraction of useful metabolites and major compounds from algal bio-mass, and the production and future prospects of sustainable polymers derived from algae, blends of algae, and algae based composites. Characterization methods and processing techniques for algae-based polymers and composites are discussed in detail, enabling researchers to apply the latest techniques to their own work. The conversion of bio-mass into high value chemicals, energy, and materials has ample financial and ecological importance, particularly in the era of declining petroleum reserves and global warming. Algae are an important source of biomass since they flourish rapidly and can be cultivated almost everywhere. At present the majority of naturally produced algal biomass is an unused resource and normally is left to decompose. Similarly, the use of this enormous underexploited biomass is mainly limited to food consumption and as bio-fertilizer. However, there is an opportunity here for materials scientists to explore its potential as a feedstock for the production of sustainable materials. - Provides detailed information on the extraction of useful compounds from algal biomass - Highlights the development of a range of polymers, blends, and composites - Includes coverage of characterization and processing techniques, enabling research scientists and engineers to apply the information to their own research and development - Discusses potential applications and future prospects of algae-based biopolymers, giving the latest insight into the future of these sustainable materials
Author: Lee Tin Sin Publisher: William Andrew ISBN: 0128144734 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 423
Book Description
Polylactic Acid: A Practical Guide for the Processing, Manufacturing, and Applications of PLA, Second Edition, provides a practical guide for engineers and scientists working in PLA and on the development of emerging new products. The current market situation for PLA and biodegradable polymers is described, along with applications across a range of market sectors. In addition, the mechanical, chemical, thermal, rheology and degradation properties are included. Updates include new chapters covering various processing methods, as well as recycling methods, and additives and processing aids. New applications cover a range of products (including 3D Printing), and an environmental assessment, including regulatory aspects. The book is not only a useful introduction to this topic, but also a practical, readily applicable reference book that will support decision-making in the plastics industry. - Presents an essential reference for engineers, scientists and product designers considering switching to a sustainable plastic - Covers the properties, synthesis and polymerization of PLA, along with processing techniques involved in fabricating parts from this polymer - Includes critical new chapters on processing, additives, recycling and environmental considerations relating to PLA
Author: Intratec Publisher: Intratec ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
This report presents a cost analysis of Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) production from succinic acid and butanediol. The process examined is similar to Uhde Inventa-Fischer process. In this process, tetrahydrofuran (THF) is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 20150065678, issued to Uhde Inventa-Fischer Gmbh in 2015 (2) US Patent 8604156, issued to Hitachi in 2013 Keywords: Bio-Succinic Acid, Bio-Butanediol, BDO, 2R Process, Biodegradable Polymer
Author: Intratec Publisher: Intratec ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
This report presents a cost analysis of Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) production from raw sugar and butanediol. The process examined is a combination of a process similar to Myriant process (for producing bio-succinic acid) with a process similar to Uhde Inventa-Fischer process. In this process, raw sugar (sucrose) is diluted and sucrose is hydrolyzed into glucose and fructose (invert sugars). The invert sugars are then fermented to produce Succinic Acid. This step generates ammonium sulfate as by-product. The succinic acid is then combined with butanediol to generate the Polybutylne Succinate. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8778656, issued to Myriant in 2014 (2) US Patent 20150065678, issued to Uhde Inventa-Fischer Gmbh in 2015 (3) US Patent 8604156, issued to Hitachi in 2013 Keywords: Dextrose, Butanedioic Acid, Anaerobic Fermentation, Bio-Succinic Acid, Bio-Butanediol, BDO, 2R Process, Biodegradable Polymer
Author: Kunal Pal Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128168986 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 968
Book Description
Biopolymer-Based Formulations: Biomedical and Food Applications presents the latest advances in the synthesis and characterization of advanced biopolymeric formulations and their state-of-the-art applications across biomedicine and food science. Sections cover the fundamentals, applications, future trends, environmental, ethical and medical considerations, and biopolymeric architectures that are organized in nano, micro and macro scales. The final section of the book focuses on novel applications and recent developments. This book is an essential resource for researchers, scientists and advanced students in biopolymer science, polymer science, polymer chemistry, polymer composites, plastics engineering, biomaterials, materials science, biomedical engineering, and more. It will also be of interest to R&D professionals, scientists and engineers across the plastics, food, biomedical and pharmaceutical industries. - Provides in-depth coverage of methods for the characterization of the physical properties of biopolymeric architectures - Supports a range of novel applications, including scaffolds, implant coatings, drug delivery, and nutraceutical encapsulation systems - Includes the use of experimental data and mathematical modeling, thus enabling the reader to analyze and compare the properties of different polymeric gels
Author: Güneri Akovali Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing ISBN: 9781859572634 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
This volume is a concise reference book for someone who has just started working in the composites field, as well as for technologists already active in the area. The chapters in this handbook have been written by experts in their fields and so the information on a particular subject area can be regarded as state of the art. Each chapter is fully referenced, illustrated and includes case studies and applications of polymer composite fabrications.
Author: Pawan Kumar Rakesh Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811360197 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 141
Book Description
This book is a collection of chapters focusing on green composite materials. The selection of natural fibers and polymer matrix materials, and the bonding between them forms an essential aspect of this book. The book discusses the chemical treatment of natural fibers and their compatibility with different matrix materials. The growing applications of composites in every day life ranging from automobiles to aerospace are also discussed. The book highlights the importance of processing of natural fiber reinforced composite materials to enhance their mechanical strength and performance. The contents of this book will be beneficial for students, researchers and industry professionals working on composite materials.
Author: Intratec
Author: Trevor Letcher
Author: Khouloud Jlassi
Author: Khalid Mahmood Zia
Author: Lee Tin Sin
Author: Intratec
Author: Intratec
Author: Kunal Pal
Author: Güneri Akovali
Author: Pawan Kumar Rakesh