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Author: Silpa Kaza Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464813477 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 244
Book Description
Solid waste management affects every person in the world. By 2050, the world is expected to increase waste generation by 70 percent, from 2.01 billion tonnes of waste in 2016 to 3.40 billion tonnes of waste annually. Individuals and governments make decisions about consumption and waste management that affect the daily health, productivity, and cleanliness of communities. Poorly managed waste is contaminating the world’s oceans, clogging drains and causing flooding, transmitting diseases, increasing respiratory problems, harming animals that consume waste unknowingly, and affecting economic development. Unmanaged and improperly managed waste from decades of economic growth requires urgent action at all levels of society. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 aggregates extensive solid aste data at the national and urban levels. It estimates and projects waste generation to 2030 and 2050. Beyond the core data metrics from waste generation to disposal, the report provides information on waste management costs, revenues, and tariffs; special wastes; regulations; public communication; administrative and operational models; and the informal sector. Solid waste management accounts for approximately 20 percent of municipal budgets in low-income countries and 10 percent of municipal budgets in middle-income countries, on average. Waste management is often under the jurisdiction of local authorities facing competing priorities and limited resources and capacities in planning, contract management, and operational monitoring. These factors make sustainable waste management a complicated proposition; most low- and middle-income countries, and their respective cities, are struggling to address these challenges. Waste management data are critical to creating policy and planning for local contexts. Understanding how much waste is generated—especially with rapid urbanization and population growth—as well as the types of waste generated helps local governments to select appropriate management methods and plan for future demand. It allows governments to design a system with a suitable number of vehicles, establish efficient routes, set targets for diversion of waste, track progress, and adapt as consumption patterns change. With accurate data, governments can realistically allocate resources, assess relevant technologies, and consider strategic partners for service provision, such as the private sector or nongovernmental organizations. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 provides the most up-to-date information available to empower citizens and governments around the world to effectively address the pressing global crisis of waste. Additional information is available at http://www.worldbank.org/what-a-waste.
Author: Silpa Kaza Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464813477 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 244
Book Description
Solid waste management affects every person in the world. By 2050, the world is expected to increase waste generation by 70 percent, from 2.01 billion tonnes of waste in 2016 to 3.40 billion tonnes of waste annually. Individuals and governments make decisions about consumption and waste management that affect the daily health, productivity, and cleanliness of communities. Poorly managed waste is contaminating the world’s oceans, clogging drains and causing flooding, transmitting diseases, increasing respiratory problems, harming animals that consume waste unknowingly, and affecting economic development. Unmanaged and improperly managed waste from decades of economic growth requires urgent action at all levels of society. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 aggregates extensive solid aste data at the national and urban levels. It estimates and projects waste generation to 2030 and 2050. Beyond the core data metrics from waste generation to disposal, the report provides information on waste management costs, revenues, and tariffs; special wastes; regulations; public communication; administrative and operational models; and the informal sector. Solid waste management accounts for approximately 20 percent of municipal budgets in low-income countries and 10 percent of municipal budgets in middle-income countries, on average. Waste management is often under the jurisdiction of local authorities facing competing priorities and limited resources and capacities in planning, contract management, and operational monitoring. These factors make sustainable waste management a complicated proposition; most low- and middle-income countries, and their respective cities, are struggling to address these challenges. Waste management data are critical to creating policy and planning for local contexts. Understanding how much waste is generated—especially with rapid urbanization and population growth—as well as the types of waste generated helps local governments to select appropriate management methods and plan for future demand. It allows governments to design a system with a suitable number of vehicles, establish efficient routes, set targets for diversion of waste, track progress, and adapt as consumption patterns change. With accurate data, governments can realistically allocate resources, assess relevant technologies, and consider strategic partners for service provision, such as the private sector or nongovernmental organizations. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 provides the most up-to-date information available to empower citizens and governments around the world to effectively address the pressing global crisis of waste. Additional information is available at http://www.worldbank.org/what-a-waste.
Author: Clara Ines Pardo Martinez Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000350886 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 258
Book Description
This book aims to analyze contexts and perspectives in the relationships between environmental sustainability, human development and organizations. The book combines different scientific approaches for enhancing our understanding of environmental sustainability, development economics and evaluate what the actual conditions in emerging economies are and how developing new process could improve the well-being of developing countries. Employing a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach, the authors work to determine the main related factors and outcomes of the relationship between challenges and new strategies in the environmental sustainability, ultimately seeking to guide public policies to enhance the welfare of the population of an emerging economy.
Author: Hugo Tsugunobu Yoshida Yoshizaki Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing ISBN: 1787568059 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 209
Book Description
Latin America is a fast-growing market, but its poor infrastructure, explosive urbanization, expensive and inefficient logistics, and multiple social problems continue to pose major problems to logistics professionals and academics. Here leading scholars across Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Peru, Panama, and the USA address these issues.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264203915 Category : Languages : en Pages : 301
Book Description
This territorial review of a mining area in Chile focuses on economic diversification, urbanism and governance in the city of Antofafasta.
Author: Suani Teixeira Coelho Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128134208 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
Municipal Solid Waste Energy Conversion in Emerging Countries: Technologies, Best Practices, Challenges and Policy presents contributions from authors from India, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, South Africa and China who come together to present the most reliable technologies for the energy conversion of municipal solid waste. The book addresses existing economic and policy scenarios and possible pathways to increase energy access and reduce the negative impacts of inadequate disposal. The book's authors discuss anaerobic digestion and other MSW conversion technologies, such as incineration and gasification. The environmental and social impacts of their introduction in small villages in emerging countries is also explored. Due to its focus on local authors and its pragmatic approach, this book is indispensable for bioenergy researchers and practitioners in emerging economies, as well as researchers, graduate students and professionals interested in developing waste to energy technology that can be implemented in those regions. It is also particularly useful to professionals interested in energy policy and economics, due to its assessment of policy and recommendations. - Explores the opportunities and challenges for municipal solid waste to energy technology implementation in emerging economies, such as Brazil, India, South Africa and China - Presents a detailed and updated overview of the commercial technologies available in these countries and their economic, environmental and social aspects - Includes case studies which highlight best practices and successful local experiences - Examines current economics and policy barriers for these technologies
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264191801 Category : Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
This report examines the economic and socio-economic trends in Chile’s urban areas; it analyses four policy areas with significant implications for national urban programming, and it examines possible approaches for revitalising the urban governance.
Author: Chaouki Ghenai Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1789845807 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 105
Book Description
The development and use of sustainable and alternative fuels (syngas, biogas, biodiesel, bio-oil, hydrogen) derived from sources other than petroleum is needed due to the limited fossil fuel resources, the need for reduction of atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions, energy security, and to meet the future high energy demand due to population growth. New alternative fuels that can be produced locally and derived from renewable sources will be more sustainable compared to fossil fuels. Alternative and renewable fuels can be produced using different thermochemical and bio-chemical processes. Gasification is a thermochemical process used to produce syngas fuel (mainly hydrogen and carbon dioxide) from renewable (biomass) and conventional (coal) sources. The syngas fuels produced from the gasification process can be used for different applications: power generation (combustion of syngas fuel in gas turbine engines), heating, and transportation (internal combustion engines). This book intends to provide the reader with an overview of the current technologies, methods, and strategies of syngas fuel production, characterization, and application.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 926430939X Category : Languages : en Pages : 118
Book Description
This report provides a cross-country review of waste, materials management and circular economy policies in selected OECD countries, drawing on OECD’s Environmental Performance Reviews during the period 2010-17. It presents the main achievements in the countries reviewed, along with common ...
Author: Valter Silva Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1839687959 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
Gasification is the thermochemical process of converting carbonaceous material in the presence of an oxidant less than stoichiometric to form a gaseous product, known as synthesis gas or syngas, at high temperatures. The gas produced can have different uses depending on its quality. Among these uses are to drive internal combustion engines and gas turbines, direct burning, and synthesis of chemical components. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the various techniques and applications of syngas developed thus far to contribute to a better understanding of this important process of obtaining a renewable fuel, which is essential for the development of a sustainable economy.
Author: Silpa Kaza
Author: Silpa Kaza
Author: Clara Ines Pardo Martinez
Author: Hugo Tsugunobu Yoshida Yoshizaki
Author: OECD
Author: Suani Teixeira Coelho
Author: OECD
Author: Chaouki Ghenai
Author: OECD
Author: Valter Silva
Author: Luca Lanzoni