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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 10
Book Description
Low-Energy Gamma-ray Spectroscopy (LEGS) is a nondestructive assay (NDA) technique developed in the 1980s. In 1999, it was modified to include a physical-based model for the energy dependent efficiency. It uses the gamma rays in the energy range from approximately 30 keV to 210 keV, except the 100-keV region. This energy region provides intense, well-separated gamma rays from the principal isotopes of plutonium. For applications involving small quantities (mg to g) of freshly separated plutonium in various chemical forms, it is ideally suited for accurate real-time or near real-time isotopic analysis. Since the last modification, LEGS has been incorporated into the FRAM code (Fixed-energy Response-function Analysis with Multiple efficiency), version 4. FRAM v4 is capable of analyzing the peaks in the whole energy range from 30 keV to 1 MeV, including the X-ray region. The new capability of analyzing the peaks in the 100-keV region greatly enhances the plutonium analysis in the 30 keV to 210 keV ranges of the traditional LEGS. We now can analyze both the freshly separated and aged plutonium with greater accuracy.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 10
Book Description
Low-Energy Gamma-ray Spectroscopy (LEGS) is a nondestructive assay (NDA) technique developed in the 1980s. In 1999, it was modified to include a physical-based model for the energy dependent efficiency. It uses the gamma rays in the energy range from approximately 30 keV to 210 keV, except the 100-keV region. This energy region provides intense, well-separated gamma rays from the principal isotopes of plutonium. For applications involving small quantities (mg to g) of freshly separated plutonium in various chemical forms, it is ideally suited for accurate real-time or near real-time isotopic analysis. Since the last modification, LEGS has been incorporated into the FRAM code (Fixed-energy Response-function Analysis with Multiple efficiency), version 4. FRAM v4 is capable of analyzing the peaks in the whole energy range from 30 keV to 1 MeV, including the X-ray region. The new capability of analyzing the peaks in the 100-keV region greatly enhances the plutonium analysis in the 30 keV to 210 keV ranges of the traditional LEGS. We now can analyze both the freshly separated and aged plutonium with greater accuracy.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 8
Book Description
Low-Energy Gamma-ray Spectroscopy (LEGS) is a nondestructive assay (NDA) technique developed in the 1980s. In 1999, it was modified to include a physical-based model for the energy dependent efficiency. It uses the gamma rays in the energy range from approximately 30 keV to 210 keV, except the 100-keV region. This energy region provides intense, well-separated gamma rays from the principal isotopes of plutonium. For applications involving small quantities (mg to g) of freshly separated plutonium in various chemical forms, it is ideally suited for accurate real-time or near real-time isotopic analysis. Since the last modification, LEGS has been incorporated into the FRAM code (Fixed-energy Response-function Analysis with Multiple efficiency), version 4. FRAM v4 is capable of analyzing the peaks in the whole energy range from 30 keV to 1 MeV, including the X-ray region. The new capability of analyzing the peaks in the 100-keV region greatly enhances the plutonium analysis in the 30 keV to 2 10 keV ranges of the traditional LEGS. We now can analyze both the freshly separated and aged plutonium with greater accuracy.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 5
Book Description
The isotopic analysis code Fixed-energy Response-function Analysis with Multiple efficiency (FRAM)1,2 has been proven to successfully analyze plutonium spectra taken with a portable CdTe detector with Peltier cooling, the first results of this kind for a noncryogenic detector. 3 These are the first wide-range plutonium gamma-ray isotopics analysis results obtained with other than Ge spectrometers. The CdTe spectrometer measured small plutonium reference samples in reasonable count times, covering the range from low to high burnup. This paper describes further testing of FRAM with two CdTe detectors of different sizes and resolutions using different analog and digital, portable multichannel analyzers (MCAs).
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The isotopic analysis code Fixed-energy Response-function Analysis with Multiple efficiency (FRAM) employs user-editable parameter sets to analyze a broad range of sample types. This report presents new parameter files, based upon a new set of plutonium branding ratios, which give more accurate isotope results than the current parameter files that use FRAM.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 9
Book Description
The Fixed-Energy Response-Function Analysis with Multiple Efficiency (FRAM) code was developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory to measure the gamma-ray spectrometry of the isotopic composition of plutonium, uranium, and other actinides. They have studied and identified two different kinds of errors from FRAM analysis: random and systematic. The random errors come mainly from statistics and are easily determined. The systematic errors can come from a variety of sources and can be very difficult to determine. The authors carefully examined the FRAM analytical results of the archival plutonium data and of the data specifically acquired for this isotopic uncertainty analysis project, and found the relationship between the systematic errors and other parameters. They determined that the FRAM's systematic errors could be expressed as functions of the peak resolution and shape, region of analysis, and burnup (for plutonium) or enrichment (for uranium). All other parameters such as weight, matrix material, shape, size, container, electronics, detector, input rate, etc., contribute little to the systematic error or they contribute to the peak resolution and shape and then their contributions can be determined from the peak resolution and shape.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
FRAM is the acronym for Fixed-energy Response-function Analysis with Multiple efficiency. This software was developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory originally for plutonium isotopic analysis. Later, it was adapted for uranium isotopic analysis in addition to plutonium. It is a code based on a self-calibration using several gamma-ray peaks for determining the isotopic ratios. The versatile-parameter database structure governs all facets of the data analysis. User editing of the parameter sets allows great flexibility in handling data with different isotopic distributions, interfering isotopes, and different acquisition parameters such as energy calibration and detector type.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The FRAM Isotopics Analysis Code has been used to analyze plutonium spectra taken through very thick shielding. Three plutonium sources with 240Pu content of 6.6%, 9.7%, and 16.3% were measured with lead shielding thicknesses ranging from zero to 25.3 mm, in nominal increments of 1.6mm. Multiple spectra were taken for each sample at each shielding level, and the spectra were analyzed using FRAM V3.2. A new parameter set was developed to analyze spectra from zero to 25 mm lead. We will report on the accuracy capabilities of this parameter set.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 24
Book Description
We report results of gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements of the isotopic distributions of plutonium in the reference-material set CBNM NRM 271 as analyzed by the FRAM and MGA plutonium isotopic codes. We acquired high-quality spectral data under measurement conditions approximating field-use conditions recommended by the code developers. Bias and precision results from these measurements are presented for both codes. Both codes performed very well for these measurements. These standards have proven to be very useful for testing the Los Alamos FRAM code in the high-burnup region where well-characterized materials have been unavailable at Los Alamos.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The gamma ray spectrum of plutonium contains measurable gamma rays ranging in energy from 60 keV to above 1 MeV. The FRAM gamma ray isotopic analysis code can analyze data from all types of HPGe detectors in this energy range typically using planar detectors in the energy range 60-210 keV or 120-451 keV and using coaxial detectors in the energy ranges 120-451 keV or 200-1001 keV. The statistical measurement precision depends upon the detector/energy range combination as well as the characteristics of the sample and any addition filters. In this paper we carry out the optimization of measurement precision for the important case of a multi-kg sample of low bumup PuO2 contained in a DOE 3013 Standard-compatible long-teml storage container.
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