Author: Francis Jutand
Publisher: Conseil national du numérique
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44
Book Description
In its report the French Digital Council keeps a large approach of the neutrality principle: to apply Net neutrality and take into account the digital platforms, which became entry gates to the digital society. Four priority recommendations are developped in this report : Recommendation 1 – Bolster the effectiveness of law in relation to digital platforms Recommendation 2 – Ensure data system fairness Recommendation 3 – Invest significantly in skills and knowledge to bolster competitiveness Recommendation 4 – Set the right conditions to allow alternatives to emerge In addition to this report, the Council publishes: More technical factsheets to deepen some recommendation: - The resources of law to the service of neutrality - Loyalty and sustainably of the data system - Positive neutrality: reuniting the conditions of an open Internet An analysis report on the plateform ecosystems. The restitution of the whole consultation.
Platform Neutrality
Author: Francis Jutand
Publisher: Conseil national du numérique
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44
Book Description
In its report the French Digital Council keeps a large approach of the neutrality principle: to apply Net neutrality and take into account the digital platforms, which became entry gates to the digital society. Four priority recommendations are developped in this report : Recommendation 1 – Bolster the effectiveness of law in relation to digital platforms Recommendation 2 – Ensure data system fairness Recommendation 3 – Invest significantly in skills and knowledge to bolster competitiveness Recommendation 4 – Set the right conditions to allow alternatives to emerge In addition to this report, the Council publishes: More technical factsheets to deepen some recommendation: - The resources of law to the service of neutrality - Loyalty and sustainably of the data system - Positive neutrality: reuniting the conditions of an open Internet An analysis report on the plateform ecosystems. The restitution of the whole consultation.
Publisher: Conseil national du numérique
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44
Book Description
In its report the French Digital Council keeps a large approach of the neutrality principle: to apply Net neutrality and take into account the digital platforms, which became entry gates to the digital society. Four priority recommendations are developped in this report : Recommendation 1 – Bolster the effectiveness of law in relation to digital platforms Recommendation 2 – Ensure data system fairness Recommendation 3 – Invest significantly in skills and knowledge to bolster competitiveness Recommendation 4 – Set the right conditions to allow alternatives to emerge In addition to this report, the Council publishes: More technical factsheets to deepen some recommendation: - The resources of law to the service of neutrality - Loyalty and sustainably of the data system - Positive neutrality: reuniting the conditions of an open Internet An analysis report on the plateform ecosystems. The restitution of the whole consultation.
Platform Neutrality Rights
Author: Hannibal Travis
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040087019
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 159
Book Description
This book analyzes questions of platform bias, algorithmic filtering and ranking of Internet speech, and declining perceptions of online freedom. Courts have intervened against unfair platforms in important cases, but they have deferred to private sector decisions in many others, particularly in the United States. The First Amendment, human rights law, competition law, Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, and an array of state and foreign laws address bad faith conduct by Internet platforms or other commercial actors. Arguing that the problem of platform neutrality is similar to the net neutrality problem, the book discusses the assault on freedom of speech that emerges from public-private partnerships. The book draws parallels between U.S. constitutional and statutory doctrines relating to shared spaces and the teachings of international human rights bodies relating to the responsibilities of private actors. It also connects the dots between new rights to appeal account or post removals under the Digital Services Act of the European Union and a variety of fair treatment obligations of platforms under American and European competition laws, “public accommodations” laws, and public utilities laws. Analyzing artificial intelligence (AI) regulation from the point of view of social-media and video-platform users, the book explores overlaps between European and U.S. efforts to limit algorithmic censorship or “shadow-banning”. The book will be of interest to students and scholars in the field of cyberlaw, the law of emerging technologies and AI law.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040087019
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 159
Book Description
This book analyzes questions of platform bias, algorithmic filtering and ranking of Internet speech, and declining perceptions of online freedom. Courts have intervened against unfair platforms in important cases, but they have deferred to private sector decisions in many others, particularly in the United States. The First Amendment, human rights law, competition law, Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, and an array of state and foreign laws address bad faith conduct by Internet platforms or other commercial actors. Arguing that the problem of platform neutrality is similar to the net neutrality problem, the book discusses the assault on freedom of speech that emerges from public-private partnerships. The book draws parallels between U.S. constitutional and statutory doctrines relating to shared spaces and the teachings of international human rights bodies relating to the responsibilities of private actors. It also connects the dots between new rights to appeal account or post removals under the Digital Services Act of the European Union and a variety of fair treatment obligations of platforms under American and European competition laws, “public accommodations” laws, and public utilities laws. Analyzing artificial intelligence (AI) regulation from the point of view of social-media and video-platform users, the book explores overlaps between European and U.S. efforts to limit algorithmic censorship or “shadow-banning”. The book will be of interest to students and scholars in the field of cyberlaw, the law of emerging technologies and AI law.
Network neutrality
Author: Christopher T. Marsden
Publisher: Manchester University Press
ISBN: 1526105497
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 251
Book Description
This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC) open access license. Net neutrality is the most contested Internet access policy of our time. This book offers an in-depth explanation of the concept, addressing its history since 1999, its engineering, the policy challenges it represents and its legislation and regulation. Various case studies are presented, including Specialized Services and Content Delivery Networks for video over the Internet, and the book goes on to examine the future of net neutrality battles in Europe, the United States and developing countries, as well as offering co-regulatory solutions based on FRAND and non-exclusivity. It will be a must-read for researchers and advocates in the net neutrality debate, as well as those interested in the context of communications regulation, law and economic regulation, human rights discourse and policy, and the impact of science and engineering on policy and governance.
Publisher: Manchester University Press
ISBN: 1526105497
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 251
Book Description
This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC) open access license. Net neutrality is the most contested Internet access policy of our time. This book offers an in-depth explanation of the concept, addressing its history since 1999, its engineering, the policy challenges it represents and its legislation and regulation. Various case studies are presented, including Specialized Services and Content Delivery Networks for video over the Internet, and the book goes on to examine the future of net neutrality battles in Europe, the United States and developing countries, as well as offering co-regulatory solutions based on FRAND and non-exclusivity. It will be a must-read for researchers and advocates in the net neutrality debate, as well as those interested in the context of communications regulation, law and economic regulation, human rights discourse and policy, and the impact of science and engineering on policy and governance.
Antitrust and Upstream Platform Power Plays
Author: A. K. von Moltke
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192873059
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 401
Book Description
Large digital platforms have been in the doghouse of antitrust decision-makers worldwide in recent years. Antitrust regulators agree, urgent intervention is needed. Interestingly, it is the plight of victimized suppliers--of merchants, app developers, publishers, platform labourers, and the like, who are upstream in the value chain--that has topped the policy agenda, prompting scrutiny of an almost unprecedented intensity. Amid such anxieties, Antitrust and Upstream Platform Power Plays asks a somewhat provocative question: Are upstream platform power plays really 'competition problems', and ones for antitrust, at that? The apparently obvious answer--'yes'--is deceptively simple for a number of reasons. Firstly, it contradicts contemporary antitrust's single-minded focus on consumers, which has all but erased supplier exploitation in the brick-and-mortar economy from the policy's radar. Secondly, the wider antitrust community remains bitterly divided when it comes to judging platform practices. In addition, if any consensus could be had, it would almost certainly confirm the longstanding tenet that antitrust cannot be about supplier welfare, as such. These paradoxes call for a policy introspection-precisely what this book provides. The analysis offered in Antitrust and Upstream Platform Power Plays is altogether normative, theoretical, and practical. Normative because it engages in a supplier-mindful soul-searching exercise, which advances our understanding of antitrust's foundations; theoretical as it sheds multidisciplinary insights on upstream effects in the platform economy and develops new frameworks for rationalizing them; and practical since it takes a deep dive into the complex antitrust machinery whilst staying attuned to other available levers of public action. Answering a compelling question with an equally compelling answer, this work will appeal to scholars and policymakers worldwide with a particular interest in platform regulation, antitrust, and powerful digital platforms.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192873059
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 401
Book Description
Large digital platforms have been in the doghouse of antitrust decision-makers worldwide in recent years. Antitrust regulators agree, urgent intervention is needed. Interestingly, it is the plight of victimized suppliers--of merchants, app developers, publishers, platform labourers, and the like, who are upstream in the value chain--that has topped the policy agenda, prompting scrutiny of an almost unprecedented intensity. Amid such anxieties, Antitrust and Upstream Platform Power Plays asks a somewhat provocative question: Are upstream platform power plays really 'competition problems', and ones for antitrust, at that? The apparently obvious answer--'yes'--is deceptively simple for a number of reasons. Firstly, it contradicts contemporary antitrust's single-minded focus on consumers, which has all but erased supplier exploitation in the brick-and-mortar economy from the policy's radar. Secondly, the wider antitrust community remains bitterly divided when it comes to judging platform practices. In addition, if any consensus could be had, it would almost certainly confirm the longstanding tenet that antitrust cannot be about supplier welfare, as such. These paradoxes call for a policy introspection-precisely what this book provides. The analysis offered in Antitrust and Upstream Platform Power Plays is altogether normative, theoretical, and practical. Normative because it engages in a supplier-mindful soul-searching exercise, which advances our understanding of antitrust's foundations; theoretical as it sheds multidisciplinary insights on upstream effects in the platform economy and develops new frameworks for rationalizing them; and practical since it takes a deep dive into the complex antitrust machinery whilst staying attuned to other available levers of public action. Answering a compelling question with an equally compelling answer, this work will appeal to scholars and policymakers worldwide with a particular interest in platform regulation, antitrust, and powerful digital platforms.
Carbon neutrality approaches in buildings and agriculture sectors
Author: Hongyun Si
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832515533
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 167
Book Description
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832515533
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 167
Book Description
SRE with Java Microservices
Author: Jonathan Schneider
Publisher: "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN: 1492073873
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 306
Book Description
In a microservices architecture, the whole is indeed greater than the sum of its parts. But in practice, individual microservices can inadvertently impact others and alter the end user experience. Effective microservices architectures require standardization on an organizational level with the help of a platform engineering team. This practical book provides a series of progressive steps that platform engineers can apply technically and organizationally to achieve highly resilient Java applications. Author Jonathan Schneider covers many effective SRE practices from companies leading the way in microservices adoption. You’ll examine several patterns discovered through much trial and error in recent years, complete with Java code examples. Chapters are organized according to specific patterns, including: Application metrics: Monitoring for availability with Micrometer Debugging with observability: Logging and distributed tracing; failure injection testing Charting and alerting: Building effective charts; KPIs for Java microservices Safe multicloud delivery: Spinnaker, deployment strategies, and automated canary analysis Source code observability: Dependency management, API utilization, and end-to-end asset inventory Traffic management: Concurrency of systems; platform, gateway, and client-side load balancing
Publisher: "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN: 1492073873
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 306
Book Description
In a microservices architecture, the whole is indeed greater than the sum of its parts. But in practice, individual microservices can inadvertently impact others and alter the end user experience. Effective microservices architectures require standardization on an organizational level with the help of a platform engineering team. This practical book provides a series of progressive steps that platform engineers can apply technically and organizationally to achieve highly resilient Java applications. Author Jonathan Schneider covers many effective SRE practices from companies leading the way in microservices adoption. You’ll examine several patterns discovered through much trial and error in recent years, complete with Java code examples. Chapters are organized according to specific patterns, including: Application metrics: Monitoring for availability with Micrometer Debugging with observability: Logging and distributed tracing; failure injection testing Charting and alerting: Building effective charts; KPIs for Java microservices Safe multicloud delivery: Spinnaker, deployment strategies, and automated canary analysis Source code observability: Dependency management, API utilization, and end-to-end asset inventory Traffic management: Concurrency of systems; platform, gateway, and client-side load balancing
Neutrality in Contemporary International Law
Author: James Upcher
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191060283
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 273
Book Description
The law of neutrality - the corpus of legal rules regulating the relationship between belligerents and States taking no part in hostilities - assumed its modern form in a world in which the waging of war was unconstrained. The neutral State enjoyed territorial inviolability to the extent that it adhered to the obligations attaching to its neutral status and thus the law of neutrality provided spatial parameters for the conduct of hostilities. Yet the basis on which the law of neutrality developed - the extra-legal character of war - no longer exists. Does the law of neutrality continue to survive in the modern era? If so, how has it been modified by the profound changes in the law on the use of force and the law of armed conflict? This book argues that neutrality endures as a key concept of the law of armed conflict. The interaction between belligerent and nonbelligerent States continues to require legal regulation, as demonstrated by a number of recent conflicts, including the Iraq War of 2003 and the Mavi Marmara incident of 2010. By detailing the rights and duties of neutral states and demonstrating how the rules of neutrality continue to apply in modern day conflicts, this restatement of law of neutrality will be a useful guide to legal academics working on the law of armed conflict, the law on the use of force, and the history of international law, as well as for government and military lawyers seeking comprehensive guidance in this difficult area of the law.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191060283
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 273
Book Description
The law of neutrality - the corpus of legal rules regulating the relationship between belligerents and States taking no part in hostilities - assumed its modern form in a world in which the waging of war was unconstrained. The neutral State enjoyed territorial inviolability to the extent that it adhered to the obligations attaching to its neutral status and thus the law of neutrality provided spatial parameters for the conduct of hostilities. Yet the basis on which the law of neutrality developed - the extra-legal character of war - no longer exists. Does the law of neutrality continue to survive in the modern era? If so, how has it been modified by the profound changes in the law on the use of force and the law of armed conflict? This book argues that neutrality endures as a key concept of the law of armed conflict. The interaction between belligerent and nonbelligerent States continues to require legal regulation, as demonstrated by a number of recent conflicts, including the Iraq War of 2003 and the Mavi Marmara incident of 2010. By detailing the rights and duties of neutral states and demonstrating how the rules of neutrality continue to apply in modern day conflicts, this restatement of law of neutrality will be a useful guide to legal academics working on the law of armed conflict, the law on the use of force, and the history of international law, as well as for government and military lawyers seeking comprehensive guidance in this difficult area of the law.
The Next Digital Decade
Author: Berin Szoka
Publisher: TechFreedom
ISBN: 0983820600
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 578
Book Description
Publisher: TechFreedom
ISBN: 0983820600
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 578
Book Description
Minnesota History
Author: Theodore Christian Blegen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Minnesota
Languages : en
Pages : 536
Book Description
Vol. 6 includes the 23d Biennial report of the Society, 1923/24, as an extra number.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Minnesota
Languages : en
Pages : 536
Book Description
Vol. 6 includes the 23d Biennial report of the Society, 1923/24, as an extra number.
Minnesota History Bulletin
Author: Theodore Christian Blegen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Minnesota
Languages : en
Pages : 940
Book Description
Vols. 2-6 include the 19th-23d Biennial reports of the Society, 1915/16-1923/24 (in v. 2-3 as supplements, in v. 4-6 as extra numbers).
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Minnesota
Languages : en
Pages : 940
Book Description
Vols. 2-6 include the 19th-23d Biennial reports of the Society, 1915/16-1923/24 (in v. 2-3 as supplements, in v. 4-6 as extra numbers).