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Author: Adaly Oliva Garcia Publisher: ISBN: Category : Analytical chemistry Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Prussian blue is an iron-cyanide-based pigment steadily becoming a widely used electrochemical sensor in detecting hydrogen peroxide at low concentration levels. Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) have been extensively studied using traditional ensemble methods, which only provide averaged information. Investigating PBNPs at a single entity level is paramount for correlating the electrochemical activities to particle structures and will shed light on the major factors governing the catalytic activity of these nanoparticles. This work reports using plasmonic electrochemical microscopy (PEM) to study the electrochemistry of PBNPs at the individual nanoparticle level. First, two types of PBNPs were synthesized; type I synthesized with double precursors method and type II synthesized with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) assisted single precursor method. Second, both PBNPs types were compared on their electrochemical reduction to form Prussian white, and the effect from the different particle structures was investigated. Type I PBNPs provided better PEM sensitivity and were used to study the catalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide. Progressively decreasing plasmonic signals with respect to increasing hydrogen peroxide concentration were observed, which demonstrated the capability of sensing hydrogen peroxide at single nanoparticle level utilizing this optical imaging technique.
Author: Adaly Oliva Garcia Publisher: ISBN: Category : Analytical chemistry Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Prussian blue is an iron-cyanide-based pigment steadily becoming a widely used electrochemical sensor in detecting hydrogen peroxide at low concentration levels. Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) have been extensively studied using traditional ensemble methods, which only provide averaged information. Investigating PBNPs at a single entity level is paramount for correlating the electrochemical activities to particle structures and will shed light on the major factors governing the catalytic activity of these nanoparticles. This work reports using plasmonic electrochemical microscopy (PEM) to study the electrochemistry of PBNPs at the individual nanoparticle level. First, two types of PBNPs were synthesized; type I synthesized with double precursors method and type II synthesized with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) assisted single precursor method. Second, both PBNPs types were compared on their electrochemical reduction to form Prussian white, and the effect from the different particle structures was investigated. Type I PBNPs provided better PEM sensitivity and were used to study the catalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide. Progressively decreasing plasmonic signals with respect to increasing hydrogen peroxide concentration were observed, which demonstrated the capability of sensing hydrogen peroxide at single nanoparticle level utilizing this optical imaging technique.
Author: Uzma Tanveer Publisher: ISBN: 9781392793732 Category : Analytical chemistry Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Prussian blue and its analogues have been widely applied in the field of environment, energy, catalysis and sensor fabrication. In addition, they are very economical composed of low-cost abundant metals. To better understand their properties and working mechanisms, we carried out research work in three areas. Our first approach was the modification of the screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) with Prussian blue nanoparticles synthesized using two different couples of precursors with two different ratios and the analysis of their electrochemical performance by using cyclic voltammetry. SPCE modified with 20 layers of Prussian blue nanoparticles prepared by using potassium ferricyanide and ferrous chloride as precursors and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as the surfactant with ratio [PVP] / [Fe2+]=11/40, produced the best results with a sensitivity of 6ÎơA8́9mM-1to hydrogen peroxide. Secondly, we successfully investigated single Prussian blue nanoparticle electrochemistry by electrochemical surface plasmon resonance microscopy technique before and after the addition of hydrogen peroxide. Lastly, computational studies were also performed to study the structural and electronic properties of Prussian blue, Prussian white, ferric hexacyanide and ferrous hexacyanide using NWChem ab initio computational chemistry software package. We successfully optimized ferric hexacyanide and ferrous hexacyanide at all three level of theories. We were able to optimize high and low spin Prussian blue at Hartree-Fock and Prussian white at the Hartree-Fock and density functional theory (DFT) level of theory for Becke, 3parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) and density functional theory (DFT) and Minnesota 2006 local functionals (UM06-L) were combined with the 6-311G* basis set. These computational studies will significantly help to design Prussian blue analogues sensors tailored with higher capabilities for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide.
Author: Andrew James Wilson (Ph. D.) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
This body of work uses optical signatures of molecules to read out electrochemical events on plasmonic nanoparticle electrodes to report on nanoscale electrochemistry. Using optical imaging we are able to probe electrochemical processes with high spatial resolution and sensitivities from single nanoparticles to single molecules. First, we monitor the change in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from Nile Blue as it is oxidized and reduced to serve as an optical readout for electrochemistry on diffraction-limited plasmonic nanoparticle electrodes. Superlocalization imaging of SERS is used to show that the position of a molecule on the surface of a plasmonic nanoparticle aggregate electrode influences the potential at which it is oxidized and reduced. To probe the role of plasmon excitation in electrochemical redox events, a block copolymer lithography (BCPL) method is developed to provide tunable, monodisperse plasmonic nanoparticle electrodes over a large area. Differential pulse voltammetry and SERS show that the E1/2 of Nile Blue depends on the nanoparticle electrode size. Further, we demonstrate that laser illumination, which leads to plasmon excitation, shifts the E1/2 and the onset potentials of Nile Blue to more positive values. We rule out plasmonic heating as a possible mechanism and provide insight into the role plasmon-generated hot carriers and the plasmoelectric effect may have on plasmon-assisted electrochemistry. Lastly, we develop a strategy to image electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) at single gold nanowires to probe the electrochemical activity of many plasmonic nanoparticle electrodes in tandem. ECL preserves the high sensitivity of an optical readout without the use of an external illumination source which has been revealed to alter electrochemical potentials through plasmon excitation. Removal of the stabilizing surfactant was found to be critical in electrochemically addressing individual gold nanowire electrodes. Additionally, we use a transparent, conductive polymer blend to coat the nanowires in order to prevent electrode passivation by a gold oxide monolayer. An increase in polymer thickness is shown to increase the ECL image quality and reproducibility, enabling an inexpensive, high throughput testing strategy for correlating nanoparticle electrode size, shape, and composition with electrochemical activity.
Author: Marko M. Melander Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119605636 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 372
Book Description
Atomic-Scale Modelling of Electrochemical Systems A comprehensive overview of atomistic computational electrochemistry, discussing methods, implementation, and state-of-the-art applications in the field The first book to review state-of-the-art computational and theoretical methods for modelling, understanding, and predicting the properties of electrochemical interfaces. This book presents a detailed description of the current methods, their background, limitations, and use for addressing the electrochemical interface and reactions. It also highlights several applications in electrocatalysis and electrochemistry. Atomic-Scale Modelling of Electrochemical Systems discusses different ways of including the electrode potential in the computational setup and fixed potential calculations within the framework of grand canonical density functional theory. It examines classical and quantum mechanical models for the solid-liquid interface and formation of an electrochemical double-layer using molecular dynamics and/or continuum descriptions. A thermodynamic description of the interface and reactions taking place at the interface as a function of the electrode potential is provided, as are novel ways to describe rates of heterogeneous electron transfer, proton-coupled electron transfer, and other electrocatalytic reactions. The book also covers multiscale modelling, where atomic level information is used for predicting experimental observables to enable direct comparison with experiments, to rationalize experimental results, and to predict the following electrochemical performance. Uniquely explains how to understand, predict, and optimize the properties and reactivity of electrochemical interfaces starting from the atomic scale Uses an engaging “tutorial style” presentation, highlighting a solid physicochemical background, computational implementation, and applications for different methods, including merits and limitations Bridges the gap between experimental electrochemistry and computational atomistic modelling Written by a team of experts within the field of computational electrochemistry and the wider computational condensed matter community, this book serves as an introduction to the subject for readers entering the field of atom-level electrochemical modeling, while also serving as an invaluable reference for advanced practitioners already working in the field.
Author: Xiaoyu Wang Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3662530686 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 134
Book Description
This book describes the fundamental concepts, the latest developments and the outlook of the field of nanozymes (i.e., the catalytic nanomaterials with enzymatic characteristics). As one of today’s most exciting fields, nanozyme research lies at the interface of chemistry, biology, materials science and nanotechnology. Each of the book’s six chapters explores advances in nanozymes. Following an introduction to the rise of nanozymes research in the course of research on natural enzymes and artificial enzymes in Chapter 1, Chapters 2 through 5 discuss different nanomaterials used to mimic various natural enzymes, from carbon-based and metal-based nanomaterials to metal oxide-based nanomaterials and other nanomaterials. In each of these chapters, the nanomaterials’ enzyme mimetic activities, catalytic mechanisms and key applications are covered. In closing, Chapter 6 addresses the current challenges and outlines further directions for nanozymes. Presenting extensive information on nanozymes and supplemented with a wealth of color illustrations and tables, the book offers an ideal guide for readers from disparate areas, including analytical chemistry, materials science, nanoscience and nanotechnology, biomedical and clinical engineering, environmental science and engineering, green chemistry, and novel catalysis.
Author: C.G. Granqvist Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 008053290X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 651
Book Description
Electrochromic materials are able to change their optical properties in a persistent and reversible way under the action of a voltage pulse. This book explores electrochromism among the metal oxides, with detailed discussions of materials preparation (primarily by thin film technology), materials characterization by (electro)chemical and physical techniques, optical properties, electrochromic device design, and device performance. The vast quantity of information presented is structured in a systematic manner and the optical data is interpreted within a novel conceptual framework.The publication will serve as a comprehensive foundation and reference work for future studies within the rapidly expanding field of electrochromic materials and devices. These devices are of particular interest for information displays, variable-transmittance (smart) windows, variable-reflectance mirrors and variable-emittance surfaces.
Author: Mark E. Orazem Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 111820994X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 510
Book Description
Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a broad range of applications This book provides the background and training suitable for application of impedance spectroscopy to varied applications, such as corrosion, biomedical devices, semiconductors and solid-state devices, sensors, batteries, fuel cells, electrochemical capacitors, dielectric measurements, coatings, electrochromic materials, analytical chemistry, and imaging. The emphasis is on generally applicable fundamentals rather than on detailed treatment of applications. With numerous illustrative examples showing how these principles are applied to common impedance problems, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy is ideal either for course study or for independent self-study, covering: Essential background, including complex variables, differential equations, statistics, electrical circuits, electrochemistry, and instrumentation Experimental techniques, including methods used to measure impedance and other transfer functions Process models, demonstrating how deterministic models of impedance response can be developed from physical and kinetic descriptions Interpretation strategies, describing methods of interpretating of impedance data, ranging from graphical methods to complex nonlinear regression Error structure, providing a conceptual understanding of stochastic, bias, and fitting errors in frequency-domain measurements An overview that provides a philosophy for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy that integrates experimental observation, model development, and error analysis This is an excellent textbook for graduate students in electrochemistry, materials science, and chemical engineering. It's also a great self-study guide and reference for scientists and engineers who work with electrochemistry, corrosion, and electrochemical technology, including those in the biomedical field, and for users and vendors of impedance-measuring instrumentation.
Author: Alexandru Grumezescu Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128043725 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 928
Book Description
Nanobiosensors: Nanotechnology in the Agri-Food Industry, Volume 8, provides the latest information on the increasing demand for robust, rapid, inexpensive, and safe alternative technologies that monitor, test, and detect harmful or potentially dangerous foods. Due to their high sensitivity and selectivity, nanobiosensors have attracted attention for their use in monitoring not only biological contaminants in food, but also potential chemical and physical hazards. This book offers a broad overview regarding the current progress made in the field of nanosensors, including cutting-edge technological progress and the impact of these devices on the food industry. Special attention is given to the detection of microbial contaminants and harmful metabolotes, such as toxins and hormones, which have a great impact on both humans and animal health and feed. Includes the most up-to-date information on nanoparticles based biosensors and quantum dots for biological detection Provides application methods and techniques for research analysis for bacteriological detection and food testing Presents studies using analytical tools to improve food safety and quality analysis
Author: Allen J. Bard Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780203910771 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 668
Book Description
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy describes the theory and operating principles of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), including instrumentation, tip preparation, imaging techniques and potentiometric probes. The book explores applications relevant to electron transfer reactions, reaction kinetics, chemical events at interfaces, biologica
Author: Wolfram Hergert Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3642287387 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 268
Book Description
This book presents in a concise way the Mie theory and its current applications. It begins with an overview of current theories, computational methods, experimental techniques, and applications of optics of small particles. There is also some biographic information on Gustav Mie, who published his famous paper on the colour of Gold colloids in 1908. The Mie solution for the light scattering of small spherical particles set the basis for more advanced scattering theories and today there are many methods to calculate light scattering and absorption for practically any shape and composition of particles. The optics of small particles is of interest in industrial, atmospheric, astronomic and other research. The book covers the latest developments in divers fields in scattering theory such as plasmon resonance, multiple scattering and optical force.
Author: Adaly Oliva Garcia
Author: Adaly Oliva Garcia
Author: Uzma Tanveer
Author: Andrew James Wilson (Ph. D.)
Author: Marko M. Melander
Author: Xiaoyu Wang
Author: C.G. Granqvist
Author: Mark E. Orazem
Author: Alexandru Grumezescu
Author: Allen J. Bard
Author: Wolfram Hergert