Plant Water Use and Growth in Response to Soil Salinity in Irrigated Agriculture PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Plant Water Use and Growth in Response to Soil Salinity in Irrigated Agriculture PDF full book. Access full book title Plant Water Use and Growth in Response to Soil Salinity in Irrigated Agriculture by Benjamin Reade Runkle. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Benjamin Reade Runkle Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 298
Book Description
Soil salinity levels are an important determinant of plant evapotranspiration and carbon uptake. In this dissertation I develop, evaluate, and test a model of plant evapotranspiration and carbon uptake in the context of a saline soil environment, and drive the model using leaf physiological parameters determined from field measurements. This modeling work is performed in the context of three research questions: (1) How are leaf gas exchange parameters characterizing photosynthesis in perennial pepperweed best determined for seasonal scale landscape flux analysis? (2) How can the effects of soil salinity on root water uptake be represented in order to account for changes in the diurnal cycle and in the uptake of carbon dioxide by plants? (3) How sensitive are modeled results to changes in model input parameters, and how may these sensitivities limit the predictive abilities of the model? These questions are assessed using data from a relatively wet pasture-peatlands in the San Francisco Bay - Sacrament River Delta region of California, with the dominant land-cover species perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium), a mildly salt-tolerant and invasive herbaceous weed. Presented in this research is a characterization of pepperweed as a highly capable invasive species, able to take advantage of local resources such as light, carbon, water, and nitrogen. Modeling results from each section also demonstrate its ability to photosynthesize under higher temperatures and vapor pressure deficits than standard plant models suggest. Incorporating soil salinity into a whole-plant model increases the ability to describe how different soil and atmospheric parameters influence evapotranspiration and photosynthesis in such an environment. The model's sensitivity analysis reveals two pairs of parameters that may constrain each other, and demonstrates how improved measurements of plant conductance and leaf water potential can constrain other portions of the parameter space.
Author: Benjamin Reade Runkle Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 298
Book Description
Soil salinity levels are an important determinant of plant evapotranspiration and carbon uptake. In this dissertation I develop, evaluate, and test a model of plant evapotranspiration and carbon uptake in the context of a saline soil environment, and drive the model using leaf physiological parameters determined from field measurements. This modeling work is performed in the context of three research questions: (1) How are leaf gas exchange parameters characterizing photosynthesis in perennial pepperweed best determined for seasonal scale landscape flux analysis? (2) How can the effects of soil salinity on root water uptake be represented in order to account for changes in the diurnal cycle and in the uptake of carbon dioxide by plants? (3) How sensitive are modeled results to changes in model input parameters, and how may these sensitivities limit the predictive abilities of the model? These questions are assessed using data from a relatively wet pasture-peatlands in the San Francisco Bay - Sacrament River Delta region of California, with the dominant land-cover species perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium), a mildly salt-tolerant and invasive herbaceous weed. Presented in this research is a characterization of pepperweed as a highly capable invasive species, able to take advantage of local resources such as light, carbon, water, and nitrogen. Modeling results from each section also demonstrate its ability to photosynthesize under higher temperatures and vapor pressure deficits than standard plant models suggest. Incorporating soil salinity into a whole-plant model increases the ability to describe how different soil and atmospheric parameters influence evapotranspiration and photosynthesis in such an environment. The model's sensitivity analysis reveals two pairs of parameters that may constrain each other, and demonstrates how improved measurements of plant conductance and leaf water potential can constrain other portions of the parameter space.
Author: J. W. Kijne Publisher: IWMI ISBN: 9290903538 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 44
Book Description
Acronyms; Glossary; Abstract; Introduction; Problems; Chemical processes involved in salinization; Physical processes involved in salinization; Impact of irrigation-induced salinity on plant growth; Remedial management actions; Farmers response to salinity; Discussion; Conclusions.
Author: Shabbir A. Shahid Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400756844 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 827
Book Description
The papers assembled here cover topics such as technological advances in soil salinity mapping and monitoring, management and reclamation of salt-affected soils, use of marginal quality water for crop production, salt-tolerance mechanisms in plants, biosaline agriculture and agroforestry, microbiological interventions for marginal soils, opportunities and challenges in using marginal waters, and soil and water management in irrigated agriculture.
Author: Félix Alberto LLerena Villalpando Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Irrigation is and has been a very useful tool for man since it has motivated a substantial increase in agri-food production and has led to important technological developments of its different components. However, some issues have been ignored, such as agricultural salinity problems, which are avoidable and can be prevented, controlled, and combated if the processes and factors involved are known in greater detail. Therefore, this book aims to contribute to disseminating some technical concepts and experiences related to these problems. The main topics covered are the properties of water and soil and the soil-water-plant relationships involved in salinity problems, the origin of the salts present in water and soil, the chemical quality of irrigation water, the characterization and classification of saline soils, the response of plants to salinity, the prediction, and prevention of salinization processes, methods to combat saline soils, as well as alternatives for the use of water and soils with problems of salts or to adapt to them.
Author: Helmut Lieth Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401118604 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 439
Book Description
The Symposium on high salinity tolerant plants, held at the University of Al Ain in December 1990, dealt primarily with plants tolerating salinity levels exceeding that of ocean water and which at the same time are promising for utilization in agriculture or forestry. These plants could be very useful for a country like the UAE where fresh water resources are very scarce and the groundwater available at some places is already very salty. More than 60 million woody trees/shrubs have been planted so far and more are planned for the inland plains underlain with brackish groundwater. These species were no solution for the widely barren shoreline of the UAE. Here mangrove species were of potential use, and one species, Avicennia Marina, occurs widely and has been successfully planted for about a decade. Converting the tree plantations into economically useful cropping systems is still a problem requiring much research and development. The book deals in several sections with conventional irrigation systems using marginal water. The species used in these systems are mostly hybrids of conventional crops. The irrigation systems, however, have similar problems as may be expected for irrigation with seawater. Papers show the participants' experiments in this area. The volume serves as a link between scientists working for the improvement of classical irrigation systems and those interested in the application of a new dimension of salinity levels for irrigation water.
Author: M.b. Kirkham Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9781560220688 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
Make the best use of available water for your crops! Water Use in Crop Production explores innovative methods that determine how much water certain crops need, in certain climates, in order to ensure adequate plant growth and help eliminate water waste. Through this informative book, agronomists, growers, researchers, and graduate students will find methods and techniques for effective water management that will save money and conserve water. Water Use in Crop Production will enable you enhance crop quality and quantity and save one of the earth's most important resource. Comprehensive and thorough, this essential book combines two vital needs, food and water, and examines what must be done in order to keep up with the ever-growing human population. Explaining conservation techniques used in Argentina, Australia, Israel, Morocco, New Zealand, the Philippines, Spain, and the United States, Water Use in Crop Production will help you achieve this goal as it discusses water management measures including: avoiding excessive deep percolation reducing runoff lessening water evaporation through methods such as reducing the capillary water flow to the surface of the soil determining the rates at which water is demanded and can be supplied in a specific area to create a plan for limiting water loss studying the root structure of plants to calculate how much water they need using deficit irrigation to help plants save water for future use evaluating citrus water use through the Penman-Monteith model Containing charts, tables, and examples of the concepts it discusses, this book is the culmination of the latest studies on water storage. Water Use in Crop Production provides you with reliable strategies and methods that will help you lessen water expenditures and improve the vitality of crops anywhere in the world.
Author: D. Pasternak Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9789024731596 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
Historically, scientists and laymen have regarded salinity as a hazar dous, detrimental phenomenon. This negative view was a principal reason for the lack of agricultural development of most arid and semi arid zones of the world where the major sources of water for biological production are saline. The late Hugo Boyko was probably the first scientist in recent times to challenge this commonly held, pessimistic view of salinity. His research in Israel indicated that many plants can be irrigated with saline water, even at seawater strength, if they are in sandy soil - a technique that could open much barren land to agriculture. This new, even radical, approach to salinity was clearly enunciated in the book he edited and most appropriately entitled 'Salinity and Aridity: New Approaches to Old Problems' (1966). A decade later, three members of the United States National Science Foundation (NSF), Lewis Mayfield, James Aller and Oskar Zaborsky, formulated the 'Biosaline Concept'; namely, that poor soils, high solar insolation and saline water, which prevail in arid lands, should be viewed as useful resources rather than as disadvantages, and that these resources can be used for non-traditional production of food, fuels and chemicals. The First International Workshop on Biosaline Research was con vened at Kiawah Island, South Carolina, in 1977 by A. San Pietro.
Author: Sergey Shabala Publisher: Humana Press ISBN: 9781617799853 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Soil salinity is destroying several hectares of arable land every minute. Because remedial land management cannot completely solve the problem, salt tolerant crops or plant species able to remove excessive salt from the soil could contribute significantly to managing the salinity problem. The key to engineering crops for salt tolerance lies in a thorough understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying the adaptive responses of plants to salinity. Plant Salt Tolerance: Methods and Protocols describes recent advances and techniques employed by researchers to understand the molecular and ionic basis of salinity tolerance and to investigate the mechanisms of salt stress perception and signalling in plants. With chapters written by leading international scientists, this book covers nearly 30 different methods, such as microelectrode and molecular methods, imaging techniques, as well as various biochemical assays. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Plant Salt Tolerance: Methods and Protocols serves as an essential read for every student or researcher tackling various aspects of the salinity problem.
Author: Benjamin Reade Runkle
Author: Benjamin Reade Runkle
Author: J. W. Kijne
Author: J. D. Rhoades
Author: Shabbir A. Shahid
Author: Félix Alberto LLerena Villalpando
Author: Leon Bernstein
Author: Helmut Lieth
Author: M.b. Kirkham
Author: D. Pasternak
Author: Sergey Shabala