Plant Root Interaction With Associated Microbiomes to Improve Plant Resiliency and Crop Biodiversity PDF Download

Author: Nikolay Vassilev
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889712788
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 442

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Author: Nikolay Vassilev
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832517811
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 214

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Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819993881
Category : Plants
Languages : en
Pages : 652

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Book Description
This edited volume is an inclusive collection of information on crop holobiome, their function and diversity, the plausible role of soil microbes in crop growth, protection from pathogens and stresses, the use of resilient microbiomes for changing climate, and the use of new technologies to study plant-insect-microbe molecular interactions in agricultural systems. Holobiomes provide information about both plants and their microbiomes, which gives a more comprehensive insight, particularly for changing climatic scenarios. By optimizing the crop holobime function crop productivity and plant health can be enhanced manifold. This book deep dives into the numerous ways in which holobiome supports the improving plant health, nutrient uptake, disease control, and stress resistance in major food crops. It helps researchers, academicians, agri-entrepreneurs, and technologists understand the structure and function of holobiomes in crop growth, health, stress tolerance under climatic changes, and holobiome diversity and evolution. The book is also helpful in designing new dimensions in the holobiome research and development of new products and technologies. This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.

Author: Jastin Samuel
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323910564
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 400

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Relationship Between Microbes and Environment for Sustainable Ecosystem Services, Volume One: Microbial Products for Sustainable Ecosystem Services promotes advances in sustainable solutions, value-added products, and fundamental research in microbes and the environment. Topics include advanced and recent discoveries in the use of microbes for sustainable development. Users will find reference information ranging from the description of various microbial applications for sustainability in different aspects of food, energy, the environment and social development. Volume One includes the direct and indirect role of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, viruses, mycoplasma and protozoans in the development of products contributing towards sustainable. The book provides a holistic approach to the most recent advances in the application of various microbes as a biotechnological tool for a vast range of sustainable applications, modern practices, exploring futuristic strategies to harness its full potential. Covers the latest developments, recent applications and future research avenues in microbial biotechnology for sustainable development Includes expressive tables and figures with concise information about sustainable ecosystem services Provides a wide variety of applications and modern practices of harnessing the potential of microbes in the environment

Author: Ajay Kumar
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0323906974
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 575

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Microbiome Under Changing Climate: Implications and Solutions presents the latest biotechnological interventions for the judicious use of microbes to ensure optimal agricultural yield. Summarizing aspects of vulnerability, adaptation and amelioration of climate impact, this book provides an important resource for understanding microbes, plants and soil in pursuit of sustainable agriculture and improved food security. It emphasizes the interaction between climate and soil microbes and their potential role in promoting advanced sustainable agricultural solutions, focusing on current research designed to use beneficial microbes such as plant growth promoting microorganisms, fungi, endophytic microbes, and more. Changes in climatic conditions influence all factors of the agricultural ecosystem, including adversely impacting yield both in terms of quantity and nutritional quality. In order to develop resilience against climatic changes, it is increasingly important to understand the effect on the native micro-flora, including the distribution of methanogens and methanotrophs, nutrient content and microbial biomass, among others. Demonstrates the impact of climate change on secondary metabolites of plants and potential responses Incorporates insights on microflora of inhabitant soil Explores mitigation processes and their modulation by sustainable methods Highlights the role of microbial technologies in agricultural sustainability

Author: Alok Kumar Srivastava
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889712087
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 395

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Author: Antonieta De Cal
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030532380
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 348

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Biological control has become an attractive alternative strategy for the control of plant diseases to reduce the excessive use of agrochemicals and its health hazards. But a significant gap still exists between basic research involving the discovery of a biocontrol agent and its development and implementation under commercial conditions. Because BCAs (unlike chemical a.m.) need to establish, colonize, survive and perform their metabolic activity to control diseases. In order to move a biocontrol agent from the laboratory to the market place requires many different disciplines and people with a variety of expertise. Research can stimulate the development of commercial biocontrol agents. Chapter 16 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Author: Dilfuza Egamberdieva
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811055149
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 384

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This book presents state-of-the-art research on the many facets of the plant microbiome, including diversity, ecology, physiology and genomics, as well as molecular mechanisms of plant-microbe interactions. Topics considered include the importance of microbial secondary metabolites in stimulating plant growth, induced systemic resistance, tolerance to abiotic stress, and biological control of plant pathogens. The respective contributions show how microbes help plants to cope with abiotic stresses, and represent significant progress toward understanding the complex regulatory networks critical to host-microbe interaction and plant adaptation in extreme environments. New insights into the mechanisms of microbial actions in inducing plant stress tolerance open new doors for improving the efficacy of microbial strategies, and could produce new ways of economically increasing crop yields without harming the environment. As such, this book offers an essential resource for students and researchers with an interest in plant-microbe interaction, as well as several possibilities for employing the plant microbiome in the enhancement of crop productivity under future climate change scenarios.

Author: Ajar Nath Yadav
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030384535
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 496

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This book encompasses the current knowledge of plant microbiomes and their potential biotechnological application for plant growth, crop yield and soil health for sustainable agriculture. The plant microbiomes (rhizospheric, endophytic and epiphytic) play an important role in plant growth, development, and soil health. Plant and rhizospheric soil are a valuable natural resource harbouring hotspots of microbes, and it plays critical roles in the maintenance of global nutrient balance and ecosystem function. The diverse group of microbes is key components of soil–plant systems, where they are engaged in an intense network of interactions in the rhizosphere/endophytic/phyllospheric. The rhizospheric microbial diversity present in rhizospheric zones has a sufficient amount of nutrients release by plant root systems in form of root exudates for growth, development and activities of microbes. The endophytic microbes are referred to those microorganisms, which colonize in the interior of the plant parts, viz root, stem or seeds without causing any harmful effect on host plant. Endophytic microbes enter in host plants mainly through wounds, naturally occurring as a result of plant growth, or through root hairs and at epidermal conjunctions. Endophytes may be transmitted either vertically (directly from parent to offspring) or horizontally (among individuals). The phyllosphere is a common niche for synergism between microbes and plant. The leaf surface has been termed as phyllosphere and zone of leaves inhabited by microorganisms as phyllosphere. The plant part, especially leaves, is exposed to dust and air currents resulting in the establishments of typical flora on their surface aided by the cuticles, waxes and appendages, which help in the anchorage of microorganisms. The phyllospheric microbes may survive or proliferate on leaves depending on extent of influences of material in leaf diffuseness or exudates. The leaf diffuseness contains the principal nutrients factors (amino acids, glucose, fructose and sucrose), and such specialized habitats may provide niche for nitrogen fixation and secretions of substances capable of promoting the growth of plants. The microbes associated with plant as rhizospheric, endophytic and epiphytic with plant growth promoting (PGP) attributes have emerged as an important and promising tool for sustainable agriculture. PGP microbes promote plant growth directly or indirectly, either by releasing plant growth regulators; solubilization of phosphorus, potassium and zinc; biological nitrogen fixation or by producing siderophore, ammonia, HCN and other secondary metabolites which are antagonistic against pathogenic microbes. The PGP microbes belong to different phylum of archaea (Euryarchaeota); bacteria (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus-Thermus, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria) and fungi (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota), which include different genera namely Achromobacter, Arthrobacter, Aspergillus, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Beijerinckia, Burkholderia, Enterobacter, Erwinia, Flavobacterium, Gluconoacetobacter, Haloarcula, Herbaspirillum, Methylobacterium, Paenibacillus, Pantoea, Penicillium, Piriformospora, Planomonospora, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Serratia and Streptomyces. These PGP microbes could be used as biofertilizers/bioinoculants at place of chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture. The aim of “Plant Microbiomes for Sustainable Agriculture” is to provide the current developments in the understanding of microbial diversity associated with plant systems in the form of rhizospheric, endophytic and epiphytic. The book is useful to scientist, research and students related to microbiology, biotechnology, agriculture, molecular biology, environmental biology and related subjects.

Author: Sarah Abigail Isbell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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This dissertation explores strategies for ecological intensification of agricultural systems through interactions of crops, soil, and the soil microbiome. I evaluate the impacts of these interactions on nitrogen (N) cycling--an ecosystem service that can be observed at an agroecosystem scale but has impacts on a global scale. Both plant communities and soil microbial communities are key drivers of N cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. This dissertation investigates connections between these communities using the agricultural practice of cover cropping as a model to explore this aboveground-belowground connection. My research builds scientific knowledge with direct links to agricultural sustainability: the reduction of environmental and health risks associated with N leaching into the water supply, the improvement of economic productivity for farmers, and the conservation of soil and protection of natural resources. My first experimental chapter (Chapter 2) evaluates N dynamics in organic grain cropping systems that integrate multiple ecologically based management strategies. In this experiment, four agricultural management systems were compared. These management systems varied in soil tillage strategies, CC species selection, CC termination and establishment methods, fertilizer management, and grain crop season length. I used field measurements to investigate the impact of each system on N in soils and in crop biomass, and to reveal the strengths and weaknesses of each system in addressing N provisioning services. The clear takeaway that emerged from this experiment was the importance of targeting synchrony of soil N availability with crop N demand--in other words, managing all components of the system to ensure that there is N in the soil available for uptake by the crop at the time when the crop needs the most N. This synchrony is influenced by the capacity of CCs to retain N and the timing of N becoming available to the crop as driven by soil tillage. My third dissertation chapter focuses-in on one agronomic practice that was included in the systems experiment described above. I designed a targeted experiment to test CC interseeding as a strategy to reduce N leaching in organic corn production. In the Northeast, short and increasingly unpredictable fall and spring seasons can cause problems with establishing a CC following corn harvest, an issue identified both in the scientific literature and by farmers (Ketterings et al. 2015). Interseeding CCs directly into growing cash crops has gained interest as a strategy to address this constraint (Groff 2015). To my knowledge, this study is the first to directly evaluate the effects of interseeding CCs on the potential to decrease residual soil N and therefore decrease N leaching in an organic system. Takeaways from this experiment include the following: 1) both the standard CC regime and the practice of interseeding CCs had a similar capacity for N retention and reduced N leaching, showing that interseeding CCs is a viable option for promoting N services; 2) reduced N leaching was driven by N storage in CC biomass, indicating the importance of CC species selection for N retention; and 3) total soil microbial biomass and taxonomic composition was similar among all CC strategies, suggesting that microbial dynamics were not closely linked with the CC treatment, but instead driven by other inputs in the system. In my last research chapter, I strive to understand how CC species mixtures engineer the soil microbiome. Plant roots strongly impact microbiomes in the soil through the secretion of root exudates (Chaparro et al. 2012), and this impact varies by plant species (Turner et al. 2013). Specifically, this work builds knowledge about the impacts of specific CC species and mixtures on belowground community structure and functioning, which serves as a building block for advising growers on soil microbial management. I found that different CC species do drive differences in the associated soil microbiome, and that the soil microbiome engineered by mixtures is not "additive" based on the component monoculture soil microbiomes. I found evidence to support my hypothesis that there were antagonistic and/or synergistic interactions taking place within mixtures that impacted soil microbial communities, as well as evidence that microbial recruitment from plants in mixtures is environment dependent. These results provide a foundation for further research into manageable regulation of soil microbiomes through leveraging plant-microbe links, with potential for agronomic, economic, and environmental consequences. There are still many barriers to adoption of ecologically-based management strategies, including reduced-tillage systems, interseeded CCs, and the use of CC mixtures. While some of these barriers can be overcome through continued scientific research to further our mechanistic understanding of these practices, many of the barriers are economic, structural, political, and cultural. It will require collaborative efforts from research institutions, policymakers, extension services, industry partners, and farmers to overcome these challenges and contribute to creating environmentally sustainable, resilient, and just agricultural systems.