Physiology of the Swallow and the Impact of Thickened Liquids in Post-radiation Head and Neck Cancer Patients PDF Download
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Author: Carly E A. Barbon Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
There is an increasing prevalence of head and neck cancers (HNC) in Canada and the United States, with approximately 52,000 new cases every year, and approximately 9,500 deaths annually due to the disease in the United States alone. In Canada, there are approximately 220 new diagnoses of oropharyngeal cancer and an estimated 120 deaths resulting from this cancer type per annum. Patients with oropharynx cancers commonly are undergo radiation treatment for their disease, which has good results in terms of tumor control. While survival is improving, patients are left suffering from radiation-induced toxicities. Dysphagia (swallowing impairment) is one of the side effects that can become a long-term, pervasive issue. Individuals with dysphagia are at risk for aspiration (food/liquid entering into the airway). Aspiration is estimated to occur in 30-69% of HNC patients after radiation treatment (range of 1-12 months) and is often silent (i.e. with no overt symptoms). Thickened liquids are commonly used to reduce aspiration in the neurogenic dysphagia population but there is a gap in our knowledge with regards to the impact that viscosity and texture modification have on swallowing in the head and neck cancer population. The studies in this dissertation will examine the potential of thickened liquids to reduce aspiration in patients who present with unsafe swallowing onthin liquids after the completion of radiation treatment (post-3-6 months) for cancers focal to the oropharynx.
Author: Carly E A. Barbon Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
There is an increasing prevalence of head and neck cancers (HNC) in Canada and the United States, with approximately 52,000 new cases every year, and approximately 9,500 deaths annually due to the disease in the United States alone. In Canada, there are approximately 220 new diagnoses of oropharyngeal cancer and an estimated 120 deaths resulting from this cancer type per annum. Patients with oropharynx cancers commonly are undergo radiation treatment for their disease, which has good results in terms of tumor control. While survival is improving, patients are left suffering from radiation-induced toxicities. Dysphagia (swallowing impairment) is one of the side effects that can become a long-term, pervasive issue. Individuals with dysphagia are at risk for aspiration (food/liquid entering into the airway). Aspiration is estimated to occur in 30-69% of HNC patients after radiation treatment (range of 1-12 months) and is often silent (i.e. with no overt symptoms). Thickened liquids are commonly used to reduce aspiration in the neurogenic dysphagia population but there is a gap in our knowledge with regards to the impact that viscosity and texture modification have on swallowing in the head and neck cancer population. The studies in this dissertation will examine the potential of thickened liquids to reduce aspiration in patients who present with unsafe swallowing onthin liquids after the completion of radiation treatment (post-3-6 months) for cancers focal to the oropharynx.
Author: Krishnakumar Thankappan Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811082820 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 404
Book Description
Dysphagia and problems related to swallowing are common following treatment for head and neck cancers. Though there are books available on dysphagia management and associated neurological conditions, this is the only atlas that comprehensively discusses dysphagia related to the head and neck cancers. It comprises of 33 chapters divided into five sections. The initial chapters present the anatomy and physiology of swallowing and the pathophysiology of the dysphagia-related structures. It discusses assessment of dysphagia in detail, highlighting clinical and instrumental evaluations. Swallowing dysfunction related to common sub-site cancers and chemo-radiotherapy related dysphagia are explored individually. The book addresses direct and indirect swallowing therapy methods involving postures and exercises in a detailed yet simple manner to enable them to be incorporated in routine practice. It also covers topics like nutritional management, alternative feeding methods and unique problems associated with tracheostomy that have a great bearing on the day-to-day management of patients with dysphagia. The current status of the research and evidence- based management updates are also included. Additionally, where appropriate videos are included for a better understanding of the subject. Written and edited by experts in the field, the book is intended for clinicians treating head and neck cancer, head and neck surgeons, radiation oncologists, speech and swallowing therapy specialists and trainees in these fields
Author: National Dysphagia Diet Task Force Publisher: American Dietetic Associati ISBN: 0880913150 Category : Deglutition disorders Languages : en Pages : 56
Book Description
The National Dysphagia Diet, a multi-level diet for patients experiencing dysphagia, includes: Sample diets Preparation methods and practice applications Resource lists for professionals and for patients A must for dietary managers, dietitians and medical professionals who work with patients experiencing dysphagia.
Author: Jacqui Frowen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Deglutition disorders Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The fourth and fifth chapters encompass the main study, and are presented as two 'companion' chapters. In the fourth chapter, the impact of patient characteristics (demographics, tumour site, tumour size and stage of disease) on swallowing outcomes over a six month period following radiotherapy are reported. In the fifth chapter, the impact of different radiotherapy treatment techniques on swallowing outcomes, in the same cohort of patients, are reported. The final chapter provides an overview of this thesis by presenting reflections on the research, outlining the methodological strengths of the studies, highlighting the clinical implications of this work, and providing recommendations for future research directions.
Author: Krishnan Padmakumari Sivaraman Nair Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 110718469X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 255
Book Description
This practical handbook for clinicians covers pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options in neurological rehabilitation.
Author: Stefano Ursino Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic books Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In Western countries, head and neck cancers (HNCs) account for about 5% of all tumors. Due to tumor locations at the aero-digestive crossroad, patients frequently suffer from swallowing dysfunction caused both by primary cancer (baseline dysphagia) and cancer therapies (treatment-related dysphagia). In this regard, radiation-induced dysphagia represents a real ,ÄúAchille,Äôs heel,Äù which historically occurs in more than 50% of patients and can lead to a malnutritional status and an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia. In fact radiotherapy, by restricting the driving pressure of the bolus through the pharynx and/or limiting the opening of the cricopharyngeal muscle, leads to a post-swallowing pharyngeal residue that may spill into the airway causing ab ingestis pneumonia. On the contrary, an organ preservation strategy should provide both the highest tumor control probability (TCP) and the minimum function impairment with the subsequent maximum therapeutic index gain. In this regard, intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) might reduce the probability of postradiation dysphagia by producing concave dose distributions with better avoidance of several critical structures, such as swallowing organs at risk (SWOARs), which might result in better functional outcomes. Similarly, a prompt swallowing rehabilitation provided before, during, and soon after radiotherapy plays an important role in improving oncologic swallowing outcomes.
Author: M.W.M van den Brekel Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic books Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Lipofilling is a new treatment option for head- and neck cancer patients who suffer from chronic and severe (chemo-) radiation or surgery-related swallowing problems. Lipofilling is a technique of autologous grafting in which living fat cells are transplanted from one location to another in the same patient. In the case of head and neck cancer patients, volume loss or muscle atrophy of the tongue or pharyngeal musculature caused by the treatment may result in oropharyngeal dysfunction. Firstly, intensive swallowing therapy will be given, but if that offers no further improvement and the functional problems persist, lipofilling can be considered. By transplantation of autologous adipose tissue, the functional outcomes might improve by compensating the existing tissue defects or tissue loss. Only a few studies have been published which evaluated the effectiveness of this new treatment option. The results of those studies show that the lipofilling technique seems safe and of potential value for improving swallowing function in some of the included patients with chronic and severe dysphagia after surgery and/or (chemo-) radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. The lipofilling procedure will be described in detail as well as the clinical implications.
Author: Carly E A. Barbon
Author: Carly E A. Barbon
Author: Krishnakumar Thankappan
Author: Aneesha Virani
Author: National Dysphagia Diet Task Force
Author: Shing-chi Chan
Author: Jacqui Frowen
Author: Krishnan Padmakumari Sivaraman Nair
Author: Elizabeth C. Ward
Author: Stefano Ursino
Author: M.W.M van den Brekel