Author: Jesper Nørgaard BechPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Physiological Role of Nitric Oxide in the Regulation of Renal Hemodynamics, Sodium Excretion and Blood Pressure in Healthy Humans
Author: Jesper Nørgaard BechNitric Oxide in the Kidney
Author: Jennifer M. SasserPublisher: Biota Publishing
ISBN: 1615046674
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 58
Book Description
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key regulator of various cellular signaling pathways throughout the body and plays an important role in renal function under normal physiological and pathophysiological conditions. NO plays a major role in the regulation of renal hemodynamics, tubuloglomerular feedback, sodium transport in the nephron, pressure natriuresis, and renal fibrosis and injury; moreover, a deficiency in NO is characteristic of chronic kidney disease in both human patients and in experimental animal models. The goal of this book is to highlight the actions of NO within the kidney and its effects on the regulation of renal blood flow and tubular transport.
Nitric Oxide and the Kidney
Author: Michael S. GoligorskyPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146156039X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 477
Book Description
A number of remarkable recent breakthroughs have made the study of nitric oxide one of the most exciting fields in physiology and pathophysiology. This authoritative edited volume reviews the progress to date and opens perspectives to novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The contributors are leading authorites, in most cases the investigators who have pioneered the ideas explored in the book.
The Haemodynamic Effects Of Nitric Oxide
Author: Tudor M GriffithPublisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 1783262478
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 541
Book Description
Since the discovery of nitric oxide as an endothelium-derived relaxing factor in 1987, investigations on its precise modes of action have been carried out at an extraordinary rate. Nitric oxide is now implicated in many physiological and pathological processes — not just in the control of vascular resistance, but in nerve transmission, cell proliferation, inflammatory responses and so on.Despite such rapid progress, no attempt has been made to combine the current knowledge of this subject matter in a single textbook. This volume has been written with the above in mind and presents a topical, comprehensive overview of the biochemistry and the physiological and pathophysiological effects of nitric oxide as they relate to the cardiovascular system. The therapeutic implications of nitric oxide are also considered. The text comprises contributions from many of the leading international authorities on the topic including Professor L J Ignarro, winner of the 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Nitric Oxide and the Regulation of the Peripheral Circulation
Author: Philip J. KadowitzPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461213266
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 384
Book Description
The Role of Nitric Oxide in the Regulation of Systemic and Renal Hemodynamics in Humans
Author: Lioe-Ting Dijkhorst-OeiPublisher:
ISBN: 9789039318089
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 141
Book Description
The Endothelium
Author: Michel FélétouPublisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN: 1615041230
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 309
Book Description
The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in direct contact with the blood/lymph and the circulating cells. The endothelium is a major player in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation and vascular tone, a major actor in the regulation of immunology, inflammation and angiogenesis, and an important metabolizing and an endocrine organ. Endothelial cells controls vascular tone, and thereby blood flow, by synthesizing and releasing relaxing and contracting factors such as nitric oxide, metabolites of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 pathways, various peptides (endothelin, urotensin, CNP, adrenomedullin, etc.), adenosine, purines, reactive oxygen species and so on. Additionally, endothelial ectoenzymes are required steps in the generation of vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II. An endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or the release of these various endothelial factors may explain the initiation of cardiovascular pathologies (from hypertension to atherosclerosis) or their development and perpetuation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Multiple Functions of the Endothelial Cells / Calcium Signaling in Vascular Cells and Cell-to-Cell Communications / Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone / Conclusion / References
Pathophysiology and Clinical Applications of Nitric Oxide
Author: Gabor M. RubanyiPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203303725
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 378
Book Description
Research on the key mediator nitric oxide has increased exponentially over the last ten years. It is now clear that, in addition to its role within the cardiovascular system, this mediator is also implicated in the normal physiological function and disease pathology of several organs and systems. A number of the fundamental research observations are now being developed into therapeutic principles and these are being pursued through clinical trials. This is the first work summarizing, in its two volumes, the quantum leap from basic science to clinical applications emerging from this decade of research.
Advances in Chemistry and Biology of Nitric Oxide
Author: Maria Sofia GiménezPublisher:
ISBN: 9788130801872
Category : Nitric oxide
Languages : en
Pages : 268
Book Description
The purpose of the present book is covers a variety of topics related to complex function of NO and their biological function, through the presentation of results obtained for researchers that have study its. Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous biological messenger involved in a variety of physiological processes that acts as a signal transducer but also exerts a variety of regulatory and cytostatic functions. Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are flavohaem enzymes that function broadly in human health and disease. Also, peroxynitrite is a powerful oxidant formed from the reaction between nitric oxide and superoxide anion that could participate in the mechanism of toxicity of different metals. Also, Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent vasodilator and signal modulator molecule. Enhanced oxidative stress is involved in mediating the endothelial dysfunction. In particular, the endothelium-dependent relaxation mediated by eNOS declines with oxidative stress. The endothelial cells are exposed to high concentration of circulating all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), a natural retinoid derived from vitamin A, whereby the relation between nitric oxide and vitamin A on vascular system is discussed. Furthermore, in the kidney, NO promotes natriuresis and diuresis and NO plays an important role in the renal adaptation to variations of dietary salt intake. Reduction of NO production in the renal medulla, either pharmacologically or genetically, has a great impact on the delivery of blood to the medulla and on the long-term regulation of sodium excretion and blood pressure. The adrenal gland expresses the neuronal and the endothelial isoforms of nitric oxide synthase and the nitric oxide produced into the adrenal cells modulates negatively the production of glucocorticoids. The effect and the mechanism of action of nitric oxide in the regulation of adrenal zona fasciculate function is descripted. Different authors have reported that macrophages, neutrophils and pulmonary epithelial cell, among the other contribute significantly to inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression resulting in enhanced NO production in the lung in different situations. The implications of NO generation in lung illness, which are significant cause of morbidity and mortality in man, are evaluated. NO has an essential role as a physiological regulator of the respiratory chain provides a hypothesis to fill the gap between the observations previously mentioned. In particular, NO steady-state level is one of the factors that have been proposed to be determining in heart adaptation to hypoxia. Up-regulation of heart mitochondrial NOS during acclimatization to hypobaric hypoxia was associated to the preservation of contractile parameters and tolerance to O2 deprivation. Nitric oxide (NO), produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), has been shown to be involved in various arthritis in a complex manner. Expression of iNOS is induced following exposure to proinflammatory cytokines and bacterial products. A vast amount of evidence implicates NO as mediator of inflammation and/or tissue destruction in arthritic disorders. Nitric oxide (NO) fulfills important functions during pregnancy: implantation, decidualization, vasodilatation and myometrial relaxation. However, in high concentrations such as the ones that are produced in sepsis, it has toxic effects since it is a free radical. The texts not only give an overview of advances made in the area, but also can stimulate the imagination of scientist and increased the interest by studying the function of NO in the health and disease.
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